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Tag: "end" at biology news

Discovery of 'master switch' for the communication process between chloroplast and nuclei of plants

...edical Institute. Koussevitzky, looking at the end of the signaling pathway, found the corresponding binding factor known that ABI4, a known plant transcription factor. It prevents light-induced regulatory factors from activating gene expression. Additional work in the project had determined that the...

UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes

... No cure exists, though surgery can be done at the end stage to correct disfigurement....

Sandia researchers take new approach to studying how cells respond to pathogens

...lular stains at a time in three dimensions. The end results of the imaging and protein analysis are la...s faster than alternate methods. Singh says the end goal is to make a benchtop miniaturized system expected in about two years. It would be placed in Bi...

Helium helps patients breathe easier

...g out and often air is trapped in the lungs at the end of each breath; this has been shown to be one of the primary reasons for the shortness of breath experienced by these patients. Combining the helium and hyperoxia slows down the frequency of breathing while making the air easier to breathe. This comb...

UC Davis researchers use heated nanoprobes to destroy breast cancer cells in mice

...s of the probes -- more than 10,000 can fit on the end of a straight pin -- into the bloodstreams of laboratory mice bearing human breast tumors. Once in the bloodstream, the probes began to seek out and latch onto receptors on the surface of malignant cells. Three days later, the team applied an alte...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...the signal. It seems that in obesity, SOCS-3 might end up overriding the [leptin] signal completely.? When the amount of fat in the animals?diets was reduced—even without any reduction in calories—the mice continuously lost weight until they reached a size comparable to control animals. Their brains?ap...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

... “Clearly we have miles to go before we reach our end goal, but the exciting part is now we can test compounds that could promote regeneration of hair cells from these precursor cells in vitro, we can study the genes expressed during the transition from stem cells to hair cells, and we can think of deve...

Horse genome assembled

...tely 300,000 Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) end sequences, which provide continuity when assemblin...ch in Braunschweig, Germany. Production of the BAC end sequences was funded by the Volkswagen Foundation and the State of Lower Saxony. Sequencing of t...

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

...acidity, and carbon dioxide levels expected at the end of this century and the middle of the next one. The study, funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), New Mexico Tech and the Comer Foundation, sheds light on how chemical processes that occur throughout the world's oceans help regulate Earth's...

Bacterial walls come tumbling down

...udied by Strynadka's group has two main parts: One end assembles long sugar fibers; the other end stitches them together with bits of protein to form a sturdy interlocking mesh shell. Strynadka'...

Loss of a universal tRNA feature reported

...en found with an extra guanylate residue at the 5' end of the tRNA molecule. The scientists, led by Kelly Williams of VBI, have shown that tRNAs carrying the amino acid histidine in the alphaproteobacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti and Caulobacter crescentus apparently lack the universal guanylate residue. ...

Renegade RNA -- Clues to cancer and normal growth

...ll's team realized that six building blocks at the end of the wayward miR-29b microRNA were noticeably di... other microRNAs. Suspicious that the six-block end might have something to do with miR-29b's location, the researchers chopped them off and stuck them ...

Genetic pathways to curable and incurable forms of pancreatic cancer identified

...e cells behave differently. "Although at their end stage the two different routes to ductal pancreatic cancer can look very much the same under the microscope, involve the same constellation of genetic events, and culminate in invasive and metastatic disease that can ultimately kill patients, one rou...

Robotic therapy helps restore hand use after stroke

...or only the second half of the sessions. At the end of three weeks, all patients had improved in their ability to grasp and release objects. Their average score on an Action Research Arm Test -- which measures the ability to perform such real-world tasks as grasping a block, gripping a drinking glass,...

Progress toward artificial photosynthesis?

...It then oxidizes the benzene to phenol, and in the end the highly desirable CO separates from the catalyst. "This could make novel, previously unknown chemistry of CO2 accessible," hopes Antonietti. "It may even be the first step in artificial photosynthesis."...

New mechanism for nutrient uptake discovered

...nium from the soil. The researchers found that the end portion, or so-called C-terminus, of the protein Arabidopsis ammonium transporter AtAMT1;1, located at the surface of the cell membrane, acts as a switch. "The terminus is an arm-like feature that physically grabs a neighboring short-chain molecul...

World's largest flower evolved from family of much tinier blooms

...lutionary growth, Davis says, an average man would end up some 146 meters tall, roughly the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Because rafflesia lacks the genes most commonly used to trace plant ancestry, the scientists delved deeper into the genome, looking at some 11,500 base pairs of DNA to determ...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...y homes in on the short single-stranded DNA "tail" end of yeast chromosomes. Their findings, reported in...hat Cdc13, Stn1 and Ten1 come together at the very end of chromosomes to form a telomere-dedicated RPA-like complex they dubbed the t-RPA complex. Gradu...

Map predicting spread of avian flu

...hese regions an epidemic can only be brought to an end by massive culling of susceptible farms. For avian influenza, the analyses show that there are two poultry-dense areas in The Netherlands where epidemic spread is possible, one in the central region and one in the south, close to the German and Belg...

Chemical switch triggers critical cell activities

...d NEDD8 off to the ultimate target molecule at the end of the race. In the cell, this NEDD8 relay race triggers a number of biochemical reactions, one of which takes the brakes off cell division, allowing cells to multiply, according to the researchers. These thioester bonds are chemical links between tw...

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