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Tag: "enables" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...aintaining immunity. Another protein — gp41 — then enables HIV to penetrate a T-cell membrane. Fusion takes place specifically through a short stretch of gp41 called fusion peptide 23, or FP-23 for short. Prior studies have shown that FP-23 fuses with, and can even break apart, blood cells and other man-made...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...sassembled, and they hypothesize that this process enables cell migration by assembling new focal adhesion sites in the direction of cell movement and disassembling them on the trailing side of the cell. Researchers are applying the fluorescence-labeling technique to the many other signaling and structural p...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

... help lead to the development of a blood test that enables doctors to detect the recurrence of throat cancer ...mes F. Battey, Jr., M.D., Ph.D. “A blood test that enables doctors to closely monitor a patient’s rehabilitation while sparing the patient’s voice, speech, and...

A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications

...ctor, a compound elaborated by the bacterium which enables the plant to recognize it, by molecular recognition, thereby allowing the microorganism to penetrate inside the plant by the root hairs. The finding raises the question as to what signalling pathway Bradyrhizodium might use to gain entry to the pl...

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

A key hormone enables starving mice to alter their metabolism and “hibernate” to conserve energy, revealing a novel molecular target for drugs to treat human obesity and metabolic disorders, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have found. The starvation-fighting...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...vent and treat our patients,” Koehler notes. “This enables us to use our work in the laboratory to benefit patients in the clinics and hospital.” ...

Studies to find better ways to preserve human eggs, ovarian tissue under way

...es, from 46 to 23,” says Dr. Emmi. That separation enables a future baby to get half his chromosomes from mom and half from dad. Fragile spindles, which line up chromosomes for division, are easily broken during freezing so chromosomes can’t properly divide. Typically the resulting embryo dies. Plus, fertili...

Researchers reveal structure of protein altered in autism

...in synaptic adhesions, imparting ‘stickiness’ that enables them to associate so that synapses form and have the capacity for neurotransmission,” said Palmer Taylor, Ph.D., Dean of the Skaggs School, Sandra & Monroe Trout Professor of Pharmacology, and co-principal investigator of the study, along with Ji...

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

...ion up and down. Second, the autonomous technology enables us to have coordinated flight with multiple aircraft. In other words, we can have two aircraft sampling pathogens at the same time but at different altitudes.” Schmale has used the small, self-controlled planes to collect samples of the fungal gen...

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

...s found that the unique structure of the buckyball enables it to bind to free radicals dramatically better than any anti-oxidant currently available, such as vitamin E. Free radicals are molecules that cause oxidative stress, which experts believe may be the basis of aging. “The immune system both protect...

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

...treme efficiency of the energy transfer because it enables the system to simultaneously sample all the potential energy pathways and choose the most efficient one." Fleming is also a professor of chemistry at UC Berkeley, and an internationally acclaimed leader in spectroscopic studies of the photosynthet...

Scientists identify prion's infectious secret

...re. But prions have another characteristic that enables them to wreak havoc. They recruit other, properly folded proteins into misforming along with them, a process Lindquist calls a "conformational cascade." In many organisms, this conformational cascade creates long fibers called amyloids. (The brains o...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

.... When a scientist submits a new term to PAMGO it enables the entire community to participate in synthesizing a common understanding of how microbes associate with hosts. This is a tremendous open-source resource and a powerful way to advance our understanding of host-pathogen relationships.? Michelle Gwi...

UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes

...t the T-cells are reacting to and how the receptor enables the cells to survive beyond their normal lifespan. The team plans to develop an antibody drug to block the receptor from interacting with the T-cells and slow down the disease. In Graves?disease, the thyroid gland goes into overdrive, producing...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

...s a relatively flexible molecule. This flexibility enables the normal chemical reactions that are constantly happening in the cell. Each shape-shift can require anywhere from a few to several hundred picoseconds to complete. That's fast, but this new study shows that UV damage happens many times faster. O...

Investigating the measles virus as a tool to kill multiple myeloma

... of the measles virus for treatment, one that also enables biological monitoring of anti-tumor activity. Dr. Russell’s team also is looking at ways to use the measles virus to combat other cancers, including breast, pancreatic and liver cancer. ...

Imaging techniques permit scientists to follow a day -- or four -- in the life of a cell

...he conditions for viewing them by microscopy. This enables researchers to monitor the cells under a microscope for long time periods (in excess of four days), during which the cells may divide multiple times and cycle through nearly all cellular functions. When coupled with the latest in image-analysis soft...

Female Antarctic seals give cold shoulder to local males

...ting to be chosen). This unique mating practice enables the seals to avoid the loss of genetic variation which occurs when females of the species only mate with dominant males with favoured traits. This is significant as studies have shown that more genetically diverse individuals tend to be more resista...

A genetic 'gang of 4' drives spread of breast cancer

...east tumors. Cooperation among the four genes also enables cancerous cells to escape into the bloodstream and penetrate through blood vessels into lung tissues. Although shutting off these genes individually can slow cancer growth and metastasis, the researchers found that turning off all four together had ...

Africa's first large-scale HIV vaccine study launches

...IIb or "test of concept" efficacy trial because it enables researchers to determine whether the test vaccine prevents HIV infection, results in lower HIV levels in those who become infected after vaccination or both. In addition, investigators for the South Africa vaccine trial will determine if this vaccine...

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