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Tag: "enabled" at biology news

3-D ultrasound scanner could guide robotic surgeries

... in real time from outside the body. As technology enabled ever smaller ultrasound arrays, the researchers engineered probes that could fit inside catheters threaded through blood vessels to view the vasculature and heart from the inside. Earlier this year, the team reported another advance: a 3-D ultrasou...

Gene transfer using mutant form of good cholesterol cuts vascular plaque and inflammation

...osome and female DNA does not, the gender mismatch enabled the researchers to precisely track the donor bone marrow. To deliver the gene to the arterial wall, the researchers used a "signal molecule" when they put the genes into the bone marrow. The signal molecule selectively goes into immune system cells...

Where we change our mind

...ne 1, 2006, Neuron, they describe experiments that enabled them to tease apart how different regions of the c...cal analysis of the subject's navigation decisions enabled them to infer which of two "cognitive states" the subject was in, to give the researchers insight in...

Bacterial 'switch gene' regulates how oceans emit sulfur into atmosphere

...om the ocean first, and then sequencing its genome enabled this team to find the genes involved in the DMSP cycle," said Matthew Kane, program director in the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, which supported the research. "The research has revealed the previou...

New genetic analysis forces re-draw of insect family tree

...t 45 per cent of all known animal species. This enabled the international group of scientists to work out the evolutionary relationships between the insects based on changes and mutations within those genes. Previously scientists had assumed that flies and moths were most closely related to bees and wa...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

...wing the cells on a semi-permeable membrane, which enabled the two cell types to "communicate" with one another through pores. And that, says Otterbein, was when the scientists observed that in this "co-culture" setting, CO was able to induce death of the smooth muscle cells without adversely affecting the v...

Brains can recover from alcoholic damage but patients should stop drinking as soon as possible

...logy), metabolism and function. The technology enabled the researchers to superimpose the images of the patients?brains upon follow-up on to the images of the brains at the start of the study so that they could see any morphological changes. They also measured how levels of various chemicals, including N...

Innovative movies show real-time immune-cell activity within tumors

...star and senior author on the new study. "This has enabled us to delineate the rules of T cell migration and engagement directly within the intricate microenvironment of tumors." The scientists used a leading-edge instrument called a two-photon microscope, able to peer inside living tissues. The microscope...

Biofuel cells without the bio cells

...thor Uljana Mayer devised new tagging methods that enabled the team to isolate sufficient amounts of protein. The tags also allowed fast measurements of protein-mineral binding. The researchers supplied the protein with energy--directly as electrons or in the form of a natural cellular fuel called NADH--a...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

...The State University of New Jersey. "These methods enabled us to analyze and manipulate individual molecules of the machine, one-by-one, as they carried out reactions." The discoveries significantly advance our understanding of the structure and function of the molecular machine that carries out transcrip...

Genetic study of Neanderthal DNA reveals early split between humans and Neanderthals

... of the Neanderthal to the human and chimp genomes enabled the investigators to estimate the human-Neanderthal divergence timeline. The scientists also used data from the HapMap genome project to understand the relationship between modern human diversity and the Neanderthal sequence. Their analysis showed ...

Developing uses for sugar-cane bagasse: Biotechnology applied to the paper industry

...ically based, solution. Laboratory experimentation enabled them to develop a non-polluting process, which at the same time yields a delignifying enzyme, laccase, from a culture of a filamentous fungus and effectively recycles the sugar-cane bagasse. Its principle lies in the specific metabolic characteristic...

Embryonic patterning makes the feathers fly

...rew skin explants in an environmental chamber that enabled them to continually observe cell movements and track individual cells using fluorescent markers. The results were recorded in real time by time-lapse video microscopy. The resulting chicken feather movie resolved the question: the FGF/MAPK pathway ac...

Researchers in Montréal and the US create model of key immune-system component

...s in proteomics research in Québec and Canada have enabled us to pool our resources and apply promising new approaches like systems biology." As Dr. Stuart explains, "Phagocytes are immune system cells that internalize, kill, and digest bacteria within an intracellular compartment called the phagosome, a ...

Rescuing injured hearts by enhancing regeneration

... growth (angiogenesis). Together, these two agents enabled heart-muscle cells to multiply and the heart to regain its function after a simulated myocardial infarction. The study will appear in the October 17 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (posted online during the week of Octobe...

One signal elicits thousands of answers

... extended a previously developed technology, which enabled them to identify for the first time all phosphorylations of all proteins in living cells - and in their temporal dynamic. For this approach cell cultures were stimulated by EGF for different lengths of time. The "Epidermal Growth Factor" is known for...

Comments, experts and background on the 2006 Nobel Prize in chemistry

...lution. It has provided the core technologies that enabled molecular biology and biotechnology to leap ahead. I am delighted that this Nobel Prize highlights chemistry's role in such an important field of research." E. Ann Nalley, Ph.D., is president of the American Chemical Society, the world's largest sc...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...ag the rods with a green fluorescent protein. This enabled Kellogg scientists to illuminate the rods, which begin as unspecified cells and gradually differentiate into cells dedicated to light reception. "One of our critical discoveries," says Swaroop, "is that there is a window of opportunity during which ...

Vanishing beetle horns have surprise function

...oskeletons. "It may be that these larval horns enabled Onthophagus beetles to grow a thicker carapace," Moczek said. "But it is also possible a thicker carapace made horns necessary. We are left with the commonly asked question in evolutionary developmental biology, 'Which came first"'" Most scientis...

Compound eyes, evolutionary ties

...s, an evolutionary change to an "open system" that enabled insects to make significant improvements in visual acuity and angular sensitivity. In contrast, beetles (shown surrounding the fruit fly), bees and many mosquito species have the light-gathering units fused together into a "closed system." In a pape...

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