Tag: "emerging" at biology news

FDA sees nanotech challenges in every product category it regulates

...et or engender consumer and investor confidence in emerging products.” Just released, this is the first report from the Food and Drug Administration’s Nanotechnology Task Force about the agency’s regulatory approach toward nanotechnology—an exciting new field of engineering and science that is estimated to g...

Threats to wild tigers growing

...harvested from farmed tigers in China represent an emerging threat, the authors argue. Any trade in tiger parts encourages poaching, because products made from animals farmed at great expense cannot be distinguished from products made from wild tigers. Because tigers must be able to roam over large areas, ...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...ed the porous fibrous cell wall structure of newly emerging and mature vegetative cells, consisting of a network of nanometer-wide peptidoglycan fibers. “These results show that dynamic AFM is a promising tool to investigate the formation and evolution of the bacterial cell wall,” Malkin said....

The insect vector always bites twice

... interest. Most of these infections, classified as emerging or re-emerging diseases, are linked to ecosystem changes, climatic variations or pressure from human activities. Malaria, sleeping sickness and so on lead to the death of millions of people in the world. African countries are particularly strongly hi...

Brain holds clues to bipolar disorder

...ric Institute and Clinic of UPMC, will discuss the emerging role of brain imaging techniques in psychiatry in general as well as in bipolar disorder. Using neuroimaging, Dr. Phillips has identified patterns of abnormalities in the neural systems that underlie emotional processing and cognitive control unique ...

Ancient DNA traces the woolly mammoth's disappearance

...on with the results on other species, a picture is emerging of extinction not as a sudden event at the end of the last ice age, but as a piecemeal process over tens of thousands of years involving progressive loss of genetic diversity,” said Dr. Ian Barnes, of Royal Holloway, University of London. “For the ma...

Study finds mix of disease processes at work in brains of most people with dementia

...common combination in people with dementia adds to emerging evidence that we might be able to reduce some of the risk of dementia with the same tools we use for cardiovascular disease such as control of blood cholesterol levels and hypertension.” NIA is conducting clinical trials to determine whether inter...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

... that could provide a working pathway for RNAi, an emerging mechanism for gene regulation. The genome sequences show that components for this pathway are absent from the other two Leishmania species. This pathway might serve as an experimental tool in understanding the role of the many genes whose function is...

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

...no cure has been found. These findings advance the emerging field of medicine known as nanoimmunology. The researchers, from Virginia Commonwealth University and Luna Innovations Inc., a private, Roanoke, Va., research company, are the first to show that buckyballs are able to block allergic response in hu...

Study identifies 5 genetic themes key to keeping stem cells in a primitive, flexible state

...w stem cells maintain their identity is key to the emerging field of regenerative medicine. “These findings may help us to understand how the key genes which control cell fate are regulated, and how, when dysregulated, they can lead to disease. This may ultimately allow us to develop targeted therapies to sti...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

...resently circulate," Emerman said. In fact, this emerging area of research, which seeks to better understand modern infections by studying ancient viruses, is known as "paleovirology." "Ultimately," said co-author Malik, "if we want to understand why our defenses are the way they are, the answers inevitably...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

...ent study, Kyrkanides’ work has contributed to the emerging theory that pain is not a symptom of osteoarthritis, but is instead part of the disease. According to this new paradigm, pain is composed of nerve messages that over time cause permanent chemical changes in the pathways they travel along, making them...

Puzzling plankton yield secrets to role in evolution/global photosynthesis

...reococcus. "This work builds on the community’s emerging understanding about how carbon fixation is carried out by picoplankton," said Brian Palenik, lead author and researcher at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. "From an applied perspective, we are learning ...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

... taken together are strikingly consistent with the emerging picture from clinical and basic studies of DISC1 as a common genetic and biologically plausible risk factor for major mental illness," concluded Clapcote and colleagues. They wrote that "our findings lend further credence to the growing recognition t...

UCLA AIDS Institute researchers find a peptide that encourages HIV infection

...t enhance retroviral uptake could contribute to an emerging field of medicine." "So many people have tried to deliver genes into different kinds of cells," said study co-author Shen Pang, adjunct associate professor at the UCLA School of Dentistry and a member of the UCLA AIDS Institute. "If you know of s...

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

... produce more interferon gamma to keep itself from emerging from latency. If the virus stays latent, it prevents itself from seriously endangering the host and can continue to spread to new hosts from its current perch. "We need to explore whether there are additional costs and benefits to the host from th...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

...p damage resulting in yield loss by feeding on the emerging leaves of cotton seedlings. Those leaves nurture the plant while it is establishing roots and gaining strength." Treated seed and insecticides applied in the furrow at planting help farmers combat thrips, but these methods are expensive and ...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...r developing new and improved control measures for emerging and reemerging flu viruses. Summaries of the six NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance awards are provided below. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis (principal investigator—Dr. Robert Webster) Research...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...o do so, she added. The study also advances the emerging notion that stem cells may lie at the heart of some, if not all, cancers, Simeone said. That theory suggests that only cells that have the properties of "stemness" -- that is, cells that can self-renew and differentiate into other types of cells -- a...

Researchers design pulsed mircrojet system to deliver protein drugs without pain or bruising

...recently been identified as one of the significant emerging challenges in global health. The researchers felt that the pain and bruising caused by previously-developed jet injectors was caused by the deep penetration of jets into the skin, creating negative reactions of nerves and capillaries. The pulsed m...

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