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Tag: "elements" at biology news

MicroRNA helps prevent tumors

...nd these non-protein-producing regions contain the elements that microRNAs recognize. It turns out that in the non-protein-producing region, Hmga2 has seven sites that are complementary to the let-7 microRNA, a microRNA expressed in the later stages of animal development. Mayr wondered whether loss of th...

'Terror bird' arrived in North America before land bridge, study finds

...hed geochemical technique that analyzes rare earth elements in a new application to revise the ages of terror ...erica where the species has been found. Rare earth elements are a group of naturally occurring metallic elements that share similar chemical and physical proper...

Fish growth changes enhanced by climate change

...ggest that global climate change has enhanced some elements of productivity of shallow-water stocks but at the same time reduced the productivity and possibly the resilience of deep water stocks,?he says. A biological oceanographer with CSIRO’s Wealth from Oceans Research Flagship, Dr Thresher said the res...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...s are essential to life on Earth, transforming key elements into energy, maintaining the chemical balance in the atmosphere, providing plants and animals with nutrients, and performing other functions necessary for survival. There are billions of benign microbes in the human body, for example, that help to d...

Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV

... (immunogens) that have multiple forms of variable elements of the virus. These antigens compress the variation found in many viral strains into lengths suitable for vaccine immunogens. "We can capture 62% of the variation found in the Nef protein and 81% of the variation in the Gag protein into immunogens of...

Cancer cells forming blood vessels send their copper to the edge

...owth factors. We then examined the distribution of elements in these structures by using imaging resources." The APS played a key role in the research. The particular APS beamline Finney and her colleagues used employs specialized optics to focus coherent X-rays to sub-micrometer spot sizes, through which ...

ASU researchers test antibacterial effects of healing clays

...d composition depending on the kinds of waters and elements present when it was formed. It is this interlayer where much of the elemental variability between clays can be found. And the interlayer surface area is huge (greater than 100 square meters per gram of clay ?bigger than a football field). As a result...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

...to a ceramic disk made of a catalyst material--the elements rhodium and cerium--that guides the breakup of the feedstock molecules toward the production of syngas and away from water and carbon "gunk." Because the catalytic disk is porous, the syngas passes through it and is collected downstream in the tube. ...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...neage in these sequences and then identified 992 elements with a significant excess of human-specific nucleotide substitutions relative to the baseline. This is about 79-percent more than we would expect to see by chance at our assigned probability threshold." When Prabhakar and Noonan ran an analysis ...

NHGRI aims to make DNA sequencing faster, more cost effective

... $100,000. Both approaches have many complementary elements that integrate biochemistry, chemistry and physics with engineering to enhance the whole effort to develop the next generation of DNA sequencing and analysis technologies. Since 2004, NHGRI has awarded $83 million to investigators to develop both "ne...

New clues to how sex evolves

... because they are modular, so that combinations of elements allow them to move quickly to new binding sites on DNA, making the Pairing Centers of different chromosomes unique," she says. "Telomeres, on the other hand, are all very much alike, no matter which chromosome they're on. It could be that C. elegans,...

'Erectile dysfunction' drugs heighten natural anti-cancer activity

...to avoid detection by the immune system by turning elements of that system to its own advantage, says Ivan Borrello, M.D., assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center. Borrello and his colleagues found that tumors exploit nitric oxide-producing immune cells to create a sort of "fog" that...

Taking 'chips' to the next level of gene hunting

...at hop around from chromosome to chromosome. These elements can, depending on where they land, wrongly turn on...of it, or cause chromosomes to break. Transposable elements long have been suspected of playing a role vital to disease-causing mutations in people. Boeke hopes...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

...ross organization of chromosomes and other nuclear elements is well known in cell biology, learning about the regulation of nuclear architecture is in its early stages." The most striking feature of any nucleus is its chromosomes. These are made of chromatin, which combines DNA with a set of proteins know...

From managing sugar to managing healing

...c, PI3K, and Akt) and a protein (SREBP) that binds elements in DNA that regulate the production of cholesterol and its relatives. Chronic or nonhealing wounds take an immense toll on American health and on health care systems. It particularly affects millions of patients with impaired mobility, as well as ...

Did 'ABCs' cause Uganda's fall in HIV rates?

...g HIV prevention program and adding gender-related elements when it became clear that this strategy was necessary." In Uganda, they say, policies to advance women's status were part of the ABC strategy. "In the context of Uganda's political leadership, nationwide social mobilization and gender empowerment p...

Most important actors in the growth process of neurons identified

... - that conduct electrical impulses. These primary elements of information transfer in the nervous system can sometimes be more than a meter long. The axon's orientation as it grows is also of great importance in forming the right connection. As in-coming stimuli are converted into signals that determine the ...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

...ched pairs of fluorescent "tags" to key structural elements of the machine and then monitored changes in distance between tags in single molecules as transcription occurred. The researchers showed that, during initial transcription, the machine does not move to reach adjacent DNA segments; nor does it stretch...

'Tribbles' protein implicated in common and aggressive form of leukemia

...c stem cells, the cell type that gives rise to all elements of the blood." Three lines of evidence implicate Tribbles in AML. First, all mice engineered to express Tribbles-2 (Trib-2) in hematopoietic stem cells developed AML. They also found that Trib-2 inhibited C/EBPá, another protein that is frequently...

UCLA researchers unravel a mystery about DNA

...uorescent chemical tags attached to key structural elements of RNAP and the DNA double helix during initiation of the transcription process. The changes in the distances between these tags confirmed that transcription proceeds initially through a "scrunching" mechanism in which, much like a fisherman reel...

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