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Tag: "efficient" at biology news

Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV

...cing a vaccine. David Nickle et al present here an efficient algorithm to develop vaccines that cope with the diversity of HIV or other variable pathogens. This computational method clarifies and analyzes the variation found in the strains of the virus by describing the molecules which stimulate the immune re...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...ns for future studies. It concluded that the most efficient way to boost the field of metagenomics overall would be to establish a Global Metagenomics Initiative that includes a few large-scale, internationally coordinated projects and numerous medium- and small-size studies. "Because the challenges and o...

Drug treatment improves learning in mice with Down syndrome symptoms, Stanford/Packard study shows

...een neuronal excitation and inhibition that allows efficient learning. In contrast, it’s thought that Down syndrome patients have too much GABA-related inhibition, making it difficult to process information. "In general, learning involves neuronal excitation in certain parts of the brain," said Garner. "For...

Nanoparticles for delivery of prostate cancer treatment

...ce and secrete the Icon. "The key is to have an efficient and safe way to deliver a specific and effective therapeutic agent," said Garen. "Having the nanoparticle targeted specifically to tumor blood vessels, and the Icon derived entirely from human components, should enhance the safety and efficacy of the...

New culture method for hepatitis C virus uses primary hepatocytes and patient serum

...ly on derivatives of permissive virus isolates for efficient replication in transformed (mutated) cell lines. Still lacking has been a system to sustain replication of novel virus isolates from patients using nontransformed hepatocytes. Nelson Fausto of the University of Washington School of Medicine has c...

Walking molecule now carries packages

...cale of single molecules will ultimate be the most efficient way to build objects or to deliver material. "It resembles the way nature does it: the molecule carrier transports carbon dioxide across a surface," he said. "In the human body, the molecule hemoglobin carries oxygen from and carbon dioxide to the ...

Can engineered immune cells stop AIDS?

... have yet to solve a vexing problem: developing an efficient transport system that is capable of delivering the...will help rather than harm cells." Viruses are efficient carriers or transport vehicles in the body because they are naturally able to penetrate cells, inser...

Batten down the hatches against HIV

...se-related protein. A stumbling block has been the efficient and targeted delivery of RNA into the cells. Researchers led by Hongjie Dai at Stanford University have chosen to use carbon nanotubes as their "means of transport". This has allowed them to successfully introduce RNA fragments that "switch off" th...

Penn researchers replace organ in adult mice using 'single-parent' stem cells

...arental embryonic stem cells is actually much more efficient than generating embryonic stem cells by cloning," said K. John McLaughlin, an assistant professor in Penn's Department of Animal Biology and researcher at the Center for Animal Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research at Penn's New Bolton Center. "The fa...

QUT scientists on the way to sifting out a cure for HIV

...ntifically known that a mesh structure is the most efficient form of filtration and we are the first group to successfully construct such a structure on a nanometre scale with ceramic fibres. "This modification has increased the rates of flow that pass through the membranes by at least ten times compared w...

Producing medicines in plant seeds

...ge of timely processing. High production of an efficient antibody variant The antibody variant that has been produced by Geert De Jaeger and his team has a very simple structure and has only one binding place for a particular substance. Bart Van Droogenbroeck and his colleagues, under the direction of A...

HIV protein enlisted to help kill cancer cells

...sity School of Medicine in St. Louis have found an efficient way to get a messenger into cancer cells that forces them to respond to death signals. And they did it using one of the most sinister pathogens around ?HIV. "HIV knows how to insert itself into many different types of cells," says senior author Will...

Bats prey on nocturnally migrating songbirds

...hawking mammal, equipped with sharp canines and an efficient radar system which remains probably largely inaudible to songbirds. In 2001, Carlos Ibáñez and his colleagues at the Doñana Biological Station in Seville, Spain, suggested that the giant noctule bat (Nyctalus lasiopterus), a rare European species...

Selective marker found to indicate aggressive form of breast cancer

...zo, another important next step will be finding an efficient means of detecting nestin in a clinical screening setting. While it seems unlikely that a blood test would be sufficient, DiRenzo believes that a non-invasive test that collects samples from mammary ducts may enable the development of a screening too...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

..., across the genome. It is a systematic and highly efficient technique that uses high-speed mechanization to quickly evaluate how specific genes might affect the cell’s sensitivity to an agent, Tykerb in this case. The TGen researchers are currently in the process of refining their genetic "hits" and learn...

Researchers create artificial enzyme that mimics the body's internal engine

...ing other enzymes. Understanding what makes CcO so efficient in reducing oxygen to water may even be useful to the study of fuel cells-very efficient power sources that convert chemical energy to electricity. "If we can develop better catalysts to do...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...onstrate that p53 reactivation via Nutlin-3a is an efficient treatment for KSHV-lymphomas in mice and suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of these fatal virus-induced malignancies also in humans....

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...ing the gasification step, making the process more efficient by suppressing the formation of carbon dioxide and converting all of the carbon atoms to fuel. When conventional methods are used to convert biomass or coal to liquid fuels, 60 percent to 70 percent of the carbon atoms in the starting materials ar...

Using brain scans, researchers find evidence for a two-stage model of human perceptual learning

... The researchers theorized that a very simple yet efficient way of doing this kind of learning would be for the brain to first learn how objects vary in shape, and then, in a second stage, to learn which shapes go with which labels, allowing the brain to sort an object into different labeled "bins" when neces...

Ancient amphibians evolved a bite before migrating to dry land

...nd feeding," Markey says. "In water, suction is an efficient method of feeding, but it does not work in the much less dense air environment. Early terrestrial inhabitants would thus have had to develop the means for chomping prey." Markey and Marshall first measured the skull roof sutures, those areas where...

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