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Tag: "effect" at biology news

Bats get the munchies too!

...of ethanol. Therefore, scientists investigated the effect of consuming fructose on ethanol toxicity in Egyptian fruit bats, and whether the fruit bats preferred food containing sucrose after they had consumed ethanol. It was found that ethanol levels measured in fruit bat breath declined faster after fe...

Fat overrides effects of vitamin C

...sence of lipids therefore overrides the protective effect of vitamin C against the formation of harmful compounds....

Leukemia drug turns mini-molecules up, cancer genes down

...low Ras activity. They established a cause and effect relationship as before, by adding additional let-7 to untreated leukemia cells. "Overall," Garzon says, "our findings show that ATRA induces the expression of these three miRNAs, and through them regulates genes that need to be silenced for the c...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

...te properly. Badly damaged cells simply die -- the effect that gives sunburn its sting. Scientists also believe that chronic damage creates mutations that lead to diseases such as skin cancer. For this study, the chemists used a technique called transient absorption to observe the DNA damage. Transient a...

Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids

...n of existing nitric oxide synthase, which has the effect of keeping blood vessels healthy and relaxed, preventing inflammation, and lowering blood pressure ?all key goals in prevention of heart disease. Both of these protective mechanisms could be long-lasting compared to antioxidants, which are more re...

Rapid response was crucial to containing the 1918 flu pandemic

...ties that implemented early interventions, but the effect was smaller. These conclusions--the results of systematic analyses of historical data to determine the effectiveness of public health measures in 1918--are described in two articles published online this week in the journal Proceedings of the Nationa...

Researchers find link between food odors and lifespan in fruit flies

... flies, just the smell of food can have a negative effect on longevity. Scientists have known for decades t...t enough to show that food odors have a modulating effect on lifespan. The researchers also studied genetically altered strains of fruit flies to determine...

2 brains -- 1 thought

...ion can have either an inhibiting or an activating effect on the downstream neuron and, in addition to this, can differ in its intensity and reaction time. The entirety of all possible networks of a defined dynamics resembles a complex figure in a multidimensional space. Here, every point on the surface spe...

Brain's reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle

...the post-ovulatory phase suggested that estrogen's effect on the reward circuit might be altered by the presence of progesterone during that period. Men showed a different activation profile than women during both anticipation and delivery of rewards. For example, men had more activity in a striatum (sig...

Gut research yields new anti-cancer approach

...Despite the compound's class name, the anti-cancer effect has nothing to do with the ability of the compound...nd diarrhea. Specifically, they were comparing the effect on inflammation of encouraging the action of the PPARgamma protein (with activator compounds) agains...

Helium helps patients breathe easier

...le making the air easier to breathe. This combined effect reduces the amount of air trapped in the lungs during exercise. "This means they don't have to work as hard to breathe and they are not so short of breath during exercise, which allows them to do more," said Dr. Neil Eves, lead author on the study...

Mechanism of nicotine's learning effects explored

... neurons. What’s more, the researchers traced this effect to nicotine’s action on specific kinds of neurons, called GABAergic neurons, in the learning centers. In turn, the effects on GABAergic neurons affected signaling between neurons mediated by the key substance calcium. The researchers also discover...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...he idea that reducing fat intake alone has a major effect on obesity, noting that the digestive systems of mice and humans differ substantially. His team has plans to examine these effects in overweight primates, whose digestive systems have much more in common with people. The findings do “strongly supp...

Male-killing bacteria makes female butterflies more promiscuous

...g the British ladybird. We wanted to know what the effect of the bacteria is on the mating system, and here we've shown that butterfly mating patterns are strongly determined by the killer bacteria. "Contrary to expectation, we also find that female promiscuity actually rises when male numbers are reduc...

Gene found for rare disorder may reveal new pathway in mental retardation

... "In these cohesin complex proteins, the strongest effect seems to be in brain development," said Dr. Krantz. Drs. Krantz and Jackson together maintain the world's largest database of patients with CdLS. The current study screened 115 patients who did not have mutations in the NIPBL gene, but who were j...

Selectivity is ultimate aphrodisiac

...esent study reveals a distinctive anti-reciprocity effect if this need is not satisfied in initial encounters with potential romantic partners." ...

Tropical forests -- Earth's air conditioner

...at producing clouds. As a result, the main climate effect of these forests is to increase the absorption of sunlight, which can overwhelm the cooling effect of carbon storage. However, Caldeira believes it would be counterproductive to cut down forests i...

The penalty of having a sister -- why sibling sex matters for male saiga antelopes

...worse off, not the female. Aline adds that the effect of size on male saigas later in life cannot be und...rth weight is likely to have an amplified negative effect on male reproductive fitness in species where competition amongst males for mates is very high." ...

Type of stem cell found to reside in transplanted lungs

...aboratory studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of these cells in various diseases, such as models of heart attacks and pulmonary fibrosis. The current study of MSCs included 172 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples collected and analyzed from 76 lung transplant recipients at the U-M Health Sys...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...ows the key importance of UCP in the brain and its effect on neuronal activity," Diano said. "It's how neuro...urons. "Changes in temperature could have a strong effect on brain function." The findings emphasize the complexity of the feeding circuitry, which once "s...

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