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Tag: "each" at biology news

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

... “novel biochemical processes for interacting with each other as a community of organisms in the atmosphere.” He explained, “We know that microbes mediate important biochemical processes in the soil and the ocean. It is not so farfetched that a similar drama unfolds in the atmosphere, which we already kno...

New findings challenge established views on human genome

...cting as a source of functional elements unique to each species and of elements that perform the similar functions among species despite having sequences that appear dissimilar. Other highlights of the ENCODE work include: Identification of numerous previously unrecognized start sites for DNA tran...

Plants recognize their siblings, biologists discover

...s from the same mother may be more compatible with each other than with plants of the same species that had different mothers. The more we know about plants, the more complex their interactions seem to be, so it may be as hard to predict the outcome as when you mix different people at a party.”...

Bacteria ferry nanoparticles into cells for early diagnosis, treatment

...ly incorporate only one copy of your gene cargo to each bacterium or virus particle," Akin said. In the...ach, bacteria can carry hundreds of nanoparticles, each of which can in turn carry hundreds of drug molecules, depending on the size of the nanoparticles. ...

Study finds mix of disease processes at work in brains of most people with dementia

...f the results of the clinical evaluation, analyzed each person’s brain. The autopsies showed that about 85 percent of the individuals had evidence of at least one chronic disease process, such as Alzheimer’s disease, strokes, Parkinson’s disease, hemorrhages, tumors, traumatic brain injury or others. ...

454 sequencing identifies HIV drug resistance at early stage

...de. In the U.S. alone, 40,000 new infections occur each year. ...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...cadian rhythms, and the timing of the rhythms from each group of genes that are synchronized is important....lking away from an orchestra during a performance; each musician continues to play, gradually going out of key with the others," said Ptitsyn. That is one l...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...ting disease that affects about two million people each year and threatens one-fifth of the world's popula...e, only 200 out of more than 8000 genes present in each genome were found to be differentially distributed between the three species. This exceptionally sma...

Mutating the entire genome

...nucleic acids designated A, C, G and T. DNA in each human cell has about 3 billion base pairs, arrange...le for folding and packing DNA into the nucleus of each cell. Five percent to 50 percent of DNA is considered useless junk, “depending on who you ask, a...

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

... the three semicircular canals of the inner ear on each side of the skull. The team's article on its rese...discovery, the scientists scanned skull samples of each species, measuring the size of each semicircular canal and calculating the radius of curvature. Mos...

Researchers identify protein pathway involved in Parkinson disease development

...tations in both copies of the PINK1 gene (one from each parent). They also have evidence that single-copy mutations in PINK1 are a significant risk factor for the development of later-onset Parkinson disease. "We now know much more about the effect of PINK1 mutations on the mitochondria and how this n...

Turn-ons and turn-offs for neurons

...becomes active. These nerve cells communicate with each other by chemical and electrical impulses to compute incoming sensory information and integrate it via distinct brain regions. With 20,000 - 25,000 genes in our genome, most also expressed in neurons, there is now little doubt that neurons respond to...

Helping chlorine-eating bacteria clean up toxic waste

...of how the bacteria's proteins work together under each condition and whether the pathway for each condition is the same for PCE and TCE, and if not, what steps they have in common. It will be an ...

Male circumcision overstated as prevention tool against AIDS

...ause of the large number of sex partners they have each year, can act as an engine driving infection rates...uce the risk of transmission by some 50% to 60% in each sexual encounter, reducing single encounter transmission rates alone cannot control the epidemic. Th...

Gene therapy study shows safety and statistically significant improvement in Parkinson's disease

...dvanced Parkinson’s disease, with four patients in each of three dose-escalating cohorts. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia and all 12 patients were discharged from the hospital within 48 hours of the procedure. At one year, all 12 patients as a group demonstrated a clinical improvement...

Revealed -- Mosquito genes that could be controlling the spread of killer viruses

...ikely in response to the different pathogens which each insect species encounters”, says Dr Christophides. Professor Fotis Kafatos, senior researcher of Imperial’s immunogenomics lab and co-author of the paper, explains the significance of their study, saying: “Understanding the genetics behind pathoge...

Scientists close in on missing carbon sink

...the approximately 8 billion tons of carbon emitted each year, about 40 percent accumulates in the atmosphere and about 30 percent is absorbed by the oceans. Scientists believe that terrestrial ecosystems, especially trees, take up the remainder. To find this terrestrial carbon sink, scientists have tur...

AAAS decries latest stem cell veto

... understand the potential value and limitations of each approach. During his tenure the President has ... understand the potential value and limitations of each approach. "During his tenure the President has acknowledged that it is a critical time for the A...

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...urotransmitters. The St. Jude team showed that each gene that responds to CREB chooses which co-factor...fferent tools to turn on different genes; and that each gene determines which set of co-factor tools from CREB’s toolbox it will respond to.” In order t...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...ked simply because they have the deadly toxin. For each type, there is also a near-identical but harmless ...s emphasise just how different clostridia are from each other." C. botulinum toxin stops nerves from working — the basis of its use in medicine to cont...

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