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Tag: "dysfunction" at biology news

U-M scientists find genes that control growth of common skin cancer

...way plays a key role in normal development,and its dysfunction has been implicated in a number of different humandiseases and neoplasms, including BCCs in skin and cancers arising inbrain, lung, prostate, pancreas and other gastrointestinal organs.Dlugosz and colleagues focused on the function of uncontrolled Hh...

Penn Researchers Use Robotic Surgery

... treatment, often leading to speech and swallowing dysfunction and external scarring. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine's Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, have completed two studies ?the most comprehensive and largest to date ?that demonstrate the effectiv...

Two new retroviruses—transmitted from animals—identified

... treatment, often leading to speech and swallowing dysfunction and external scarring. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine's Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, have completed two studies ?the most comprehensive and largest to date ?that demonstrate the effectiv...

Malfunctioning bone marrow cells sabotage nerve cells in diabetes

...g from bone marrow caused premature cell death and dysfunction when they merged with neurons, resulting in neuropathy," said Chan. "It all began several years ago, when we were developing gene therapy to cure diabetes in mice. By chance, we observed insulin-producing bone marrow cells outside the pancreas, an...

Molecular trigger for Huntington's disease found

...s mitochondrial genes and insofar as mitochondrial dysfunction appears important in HD, our findings provide a molecular mechanism linking disturbances of nuclei and mitochondria in HD." Byoung-Il Bae, Shuichi Igarashi, Masahiro Fujimuro, Nishant Agrawal, Yoichi Taya, S. Diane Hayward, Timothy H Moran, Christop...

Micro RNAs play role in egg making

...orthwestern. "It is intriguing to think that miRNA dysfunction might be at the root cause of certain forms of infertility. We already know that miRNAs are involved in cancer and stem cell biology." Investigators were initially surprised to find that miRNAs affected only a small fraction of expressed genes withi...

FSU biologists describe key role of signal-transcribing gene during cell cycle

...We believe the specific cell-to-cell signaling and dysfunction observed in fruit flies is applicable to mammals, which also possess genes Notch and Cut," said Deng. The researchers traced the journey of transmissions originating from Notch ?? which carries information gleaned from other cells ?? following the s...

Penn Surgeons Use Completely Robotic Surgery to Successfully Treat Prostate Cancer

...rm effects of a radical prostatectomy are erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence,?says Dr. Lee. “My specially-trained team and I have discovered that by using the robotic technique there is greater nerve sparing, which provides patients with the best chance for maintaining potency and continence.?br />...

Scientists learn to predict protein-stabilizing ability of small molecules

...rm effects of a radical prostatectomy are erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence,?says Dr. Lee. “My specially-trained team and I have discovered that by using the robotic technique there is greater nerve sparing, which provides patients with the best chance for maintaining potency and continence.?br />...

Phenolic compounds may explain Mediterranean diet benefits

...the other hand, some data suggest that endothelial dysfunction could be a surrogate end point for prediction of cardiovascular risk, but we need more information on the utility of the different methods to evaluate endothelial dysfunction," Dr. Pérez Jiménez said. Robert F. Wilson, M.D., from the University of M...

Scientists show how thinking can harm brain cells

... any neurodegenerative diseases that have synaptic dysfunction with inflammation, which is virtually all of them." In lab studies, brain cells were treated with diazoxide, a drug investigated for use in ischemic heart disease and strokes. Pretreatment before exposure to PAF prevented dendritic beading and prese...

New compound stops brain cell degeneration in Alzheimer's disease

...ivation can suppress brain inflammation and neuron dysfunction in the hippocampus and protect against cognitive decline in an animal model. Neuron dysfunction can lead to further glia activation and contribute to further exacerbation of the disease process. T...

Stowers scientists demonstrate mechanism of vertebral formation

...bryonic development may provide insight into their dysfunction in cancer. Additional contributing authors from the Stowers Institute include Pascale Malapert, Lab Manager II; Jérome Chal, Predoctoral Research Associate; Gonçalo Vilhais-Neto, Predoctoral Research Fellow; Miguel Maroto, Ph.D., formerly a Senior ...

Lack of key enzyme associated with development of rare tumor

...esearchers wrote that drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction interfere with the functioning of PDE11A. The researchers noted that PDE11A "is partially inhibited" by the drug tadalafil and "weakly" inhibited by sildenafil. They added that there are no reports in the medical literature of malfunctioning adrena...

New study shows antibiotic may protect the heart

...nd his colleagues have studied a class of erectile dysfunction drug known as phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors as part of ongoing research into heart protection. The team first investigated Viagra®, generically known as sildenafil, and more recently, Levitra®, generically known as vardenafil, and found that both co...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...btleties of the cognitive deficits in human mental dysfunction or with the tools we use to study the mechanisms that underlie disorders in people." Garner and his colleagues designed a task to measure a process called set shifting in which a focus on one object must be abandoned in favor of another object or t...

Reversing 'hibernating' heart muscle focus of UB researchers

...grant to develop new strategies to reverse a heart dysfunction called "hibernating myocardium" that can cause disabling heart failure and sudden death. Hibernating myocardium is a condition in which myocytes (cells in the heart's muscular tissue) shut down, but remain viable in areas that receive reduced bloo...

Cutting calories slightly can reduce aging damage

...uch as the liver, which shows significant signs of dysfunction in the aging process," said Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Ph.D., an associate professor of aging and geriatric research at the UF College of Medicine and the paper's senior author. UF scientists found that feeding rats just 8 percent fewer calories a day...

Gardenia fruit compound starting point for diabetes therapy

... tissue reversed high glucose- and obesity-induced dysfunction of insulin-producing beta cells. A derivative of genipin that lacked the chemical's cross-linking activity continued to inhibit UCP2, they reported. That's a good sign for the therapeutic potential of genipin-related compounds, according to Lowell, ...

Free radical cell death switch identified

...rons, and may include besides cell death, neuronal dysfunction and neuronal recovery. Since oxidative stress in neurons and other cells in the body contribute to tissue damage in a variety of disorders, including stroke, ischemic heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes, identification of the MST...

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