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Tag: "drugs" at biology news

Stem cell training program to make its Stanford debut

...iologically active compounds that could be used as drugs or as new methods of enhancing the disease-prevent...ge of compounds, scientists seeking to develop new drugs could use it in several different ways. If they had no particular end product in mind, they could fe...

Scientists focus on 'dwarf eye'

...to further investigate MFRP and ultimately develop drugs to regulate the gene's function. He hopes the information gained from his study will open doors to correcting other types of severe refractive error, not only farsightedness, but also nearsightedness. ...

Bacteria are key to 'green' plastics, drugs

...irport deicers and non-toxic solvents to plastics, drugs and food additives. Succinate's also a priority because some bacteria make it naturally, so we have a metabolic starting place for large-scale fermentation." The centerpiece of Rice's succinate technology is a mutant form of E. coli that makes succi...

Fruit fly studies open new window on cancer research

...o tackling some cancers and the development of new drugs to stop uncontrolled growth in a wide variety of t...ly genes act in the same way. If they do, then new drugs or even dietary advice could block their activity and slow down the growth of tumours. This research...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

... studies allow manipulation of the circuitry using drugs to determine how the circuitry might malfunction in human disorders. "For example, it is believed that people who have low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin might be more risk prone and impulsive," said Platt. "Disturbances in such neurotrans...

NIH renews network focused on how genes influence drug responses

...iscover the common DNA variants that determine why drugs used to treat potentially fatal irregular heartbea...which genes control individual responses to asthma drugs so physicians can predict whether a patient will benefit from a medication. (Scott Weiss, M.D., Brig...

New lead reported in tumor angiogenesis

...riguing possibility of directing growth-inhibiting drugs at the normal blood vessel cells to stop angiogenesis. "It's well established that tumor cells can become resistant to chemotherapy," said Dr. Wang. "For endothelial cells, which are the cells that line the walls of the blood vessels, there is no ind...

Stem Cells Found In Cerebellum; Possible Cell of Origin for Childhood Brain Tumors

...enes involved in medulloblastoma, and then develop drugs to disrupt these genes, said Wechsler-Reya. "If we found a gene specific to tumor cells, we could develop an agent to shut down its activity without disrupting the growth of normal cells," he said. "Chemotherapy targets all dividing cells ?not just ...

Engineered molecule amplifies body's immune response

... infection and cancer. They are also screening for drugs that might increase Stat1 responsiveness. These experiments may eventually lead to many improvements in cancer therapy as well as the treatment of other infections. Basically, any situation in which interferon hyper-responsiveness might be beneficia...

Scientists devise way to measure RNA synthesis on the fly in a live cell

...my of Sciences, could help scientists discover new drugs and learn to what extent some RNA molecules help control the blueprint of life. "The standard assumption has been that DNA encoding for proteins was the sole actor to control the blueprint for all of life," said Philippe Cluzel, an Assistant Profess...

Mass production of human papillomavirus could lead to gains against cervical cancer

...eful that this advance could lead to new antiviral drugs and to vaccines that would trigger the immune syst...ique could offer a way to screen for HPV antiviral drugs and could lead to enhanced vaccines that consist of live attenuated virus. "Current vaccines in clin...

Slipping past the blood brain barrier: Research shows potential treatment for brain cancer

...k of Aug. 22. "The bottom line is, if you can get drugs into the brain, you can cure brain cancer," says W... blood brain barrier that usually keeps anticancer drugs out of the brain, intercepted some of the JV-1-36 that was injected into mice but let much of it pas...

Gene controlling circadian rhythms linked to drug addiction

... involved in regulating the rewarding responses to drugs of abuse," said Dr. Colleen A. McClung, assistant ...stem and may influence the addictive properties of drugs such as cocaine. "We tracked dopamine cells in the mice brains and found that these cells fired mor...

Survival of heart patients on beta-blockers varies greatly with genetic variation

...ous system respond to adrenaline, but beta-blocker drugs block this interaction, slowing the heartbeat and lowering blood pressure to relieve stress on the heart. They also block impulses that can cause rhythm disturbances. "Long-term therapy with beta-blockers is standard care for heart patients," Lanfea...

Tagging pathogens with synthetic DNA 'barcodes'

...just as easy to identify genes, pathogens, illegal drugs and other chemicals of interest by tagging them with color-coded probes made out of synthetic tree-shaped DNA. A research group headed by Dan Luo, Cornell assistant professor of biological engineering, has created "nanobarcodes" that fluoresce under...

Beyond genes: Lipid helps cell wall protein fold into proper shape

...e accessible targets for pharmaceuticals, and most drugs target either membrane proteins on human cells or the membranes of pathogens. Co-authors of the JBC paper with senior author Dowhan are first author Wei Zhang, Ph.D., a former graduate student who is now a post-doctoral fellow at Stanford University...

Structures of marine toxins provide insight into their effectiveness as cancer drugs

...n the body, actin provides an excellent target for drugs that could inhibit such rapid growth." Adds Allin...om the depths of the ocean floor, meaning that the drugs can be engineered to be as effective as possible. "In order to chemically synthesize a better drug,...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...lead to opportunities to stave off old age through drugs that could prevent the gathering of genetic defects in mitochondrial DNA, genetic material that resides outside of the nucleus of a cell and that helps power critical cell processes. Such insight could also lead to strategies to restore some functio...

South Africa still debating how to tackle HIV/AIDS when 5 million are infected

...r Manto Tshabalala-Msimang repeated yet again that drugs were not the only way to fight HIV/AIDS, and that ... the South African government began providing AIDS drugs in clinics last year. As many as five million South Africans are HIV positive, which is more than an...

Treatments have same target, different responses for lung cancer patients with genetic mutation

...e Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Both drugs target the same gene but through different mechani...s opposed to the intra-cellular signal blocking of drugs like gefitinib. The researchers treated seven different NSCLC cell lines with cetuximab or gefiti...

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