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Tag: "drives" at biology news

Dominant meerkats render rivals infertile

...y, the dominant female in a meerkat group commonly drives her subordinate females from the group for an average of three weeks at a time. Evicted subordinates, typically those with whom reproductive conflict is most likely (females of breeding age, older, and pregnant females), suffer repeated attacks a...

Hope I die before I get old?

... They also may help explain the fear of aging that drives middle-aged people to "midlife crisis" behavior in a vain attempt to slow their own aging. Stereotypes about aging abound in our society, Lacey says, and affect the way older people are treated as well as the public policies that affect them. That...

Nanosecond-scale release of stinging jellyfish nematocysts

...It was known already that a high pressure (15 MPa) drives nematocyst discharge, and that stylets can penetrate even thick crustacean shells. However, neither the kinetics nor the forces involved were known, simply because discharge is so fast that it had not been previously resolved by conventional high-spe...

Fly's courtship sheds light on the formation of innate behaviors

...fight response, are generally seen as subconscious drives underlying the actions of humans and other animals. Yet the manner by which these innate behaviours are hard-wired into our brains remains obscure. In their new work, the researchers set out to address this question using mutations that perturb the...

Scientists use gene signatures to match cancer and other diseases with potentially effective drugs

...he androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells that drives their aggressive growth. Dana-Farber researcher Haley Hieronymus, PhD, who used the Connectivity Map to sift through thousands of drugs and compounds, is the paper's lead author. The researchers said that in view of these promising results, they ar...

A human taste for rarity spells disaster for endangered species

...feedback loop between exploitation and rarity that drives a species into an extinction vortex. This phenomenon, the authors explain, resembles an ecological process called the Allee effect, in which individuals of many plant and animal species suffer reduced fitness at low population densities, which incr...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

...otheses are correct. Damage, including DNA damage, drives the functional decline we all experience as we age. But how we respond to that damage is determined genetically, in particular by genes that regulate the growth hormone and insulin pathways," said Laura Niedernhofer, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor ...

Renewed dolphin slaughter prompts new campaign

...ishermen for limited supplies of fish and that the drives are in fact a means of pest control. Also, the "Act for Dolphins" consortium maintains that, in spite of the fact that the hunting of dolphins and use of their meat has waned in popularity, the government is actually encouraging the public to consume...

Hospital-acquired infections -- Inevitable?

...he risk and it's actually the process of care that drives the current epidemic. "Despite all of our hard work, medical care can never be error free," commented Dr. Nash about the widespread beliefs about HAI. "What we must strive for is care that is harm free. Changing our mindset will go a long way towar...

Pair of microRNA molecules controls major oncogene in most common leukemia

...m to suppress expression of the TCL1 oncogene that drives the most aggressive forms of the leukemia, said the study’s lead author, Yuri Pekarsky, Ph.D., assistant professor in the Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics at Ohio State University’s Comprehensive Cancer Center. "We...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

...tion in the ability to perceive inner motivational drives in cocaine addiction," Goldstein said. The fMRI results also revealed that non-addicted subjects responded to the different monetary amounts in a graded fashion: the higher the potential reward, the greater the response in the prefrontal cortex. I...

A fisheye view of the deadliest breast cancer

...five-year prognosis for survival. To find out what drives this most aggressive of human breast cancers, and to rapidly screen for drugs that might stop IBC, researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), have come up with an unlikely yet extremely promising ally: a transparent fish suitabl...

High-throughput oncogene mutation detection in human cancers by mass spectrometry-based genotyping

...d. Examples include the c-kit tyrosine kinase that drives development of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and certain EGFR mutations that are responsible for one form of lung cancer. These cancers can be treated with the targeted therapies Gleevec and Tarceva, respectively, which shut down the affec...

Pourquié lab identifies genes involved in formation of vertebral precursors

... used the mouse model to demonstrate how the clock drives the periodic expression of a large network of cyclic genes involved in cell signaling. Mutually exclusive activation of the Notch/FGF and Wnt pathways during each cycle suggests that coordinated regulation of these three pathways underlies the clock ...

First biomarker for human sleepiness identified in fruit flies

... "As we prepare for the holiday season and long drives to distant relative's houses, I hope this finding will get people thinking about the dangers and costs of sleep deprivation," says lead author Paul J. Shaw, Ph.D., assistant professor of neurobiology. "If you're feeling sleepy on your way over the ri...

Study shows enzyme builds neurotransmitters via newly discovered pathway

...ceptors in the central nervous system. The system drives consumption of fat and calorie-rich foods and the amount of fat stored or expended and plays a significant role in energy homeostasis. "At least one cannabinoid receptor antagonist is on the verge of approval for the treatment of obesity-metabolic d...

Brown seaweed contains promising fat fighter, weight reducer

...ceptors in the central nervous system. The system drives consumption of fat and calorie-rich foods and the amount of fat stored or expended and plays a significant role in energy homeostasis. "At least one cannabinoid receptor antagonist is on the verge of approval for the treatment of obesity-metabolic d...

Nanotechnology propels advances in regenerative medicine research

...ceptors in the central nervous system. The system drives consumption of fat and calorie-rich foods and the amount of fat stored or expended and plays a significant role in energy homeostasis. "At least one cannabinoid receptor antagonist is on the verge of approval for the treatment of obesity-metabolic d...

'Conversation stoppers' fight deadly bacterial infections

...ceptors in the central nervous system. The system drives consumption of fat and calorie-rich foods and the amount of fat stored or expended and plays a significant role in energy homeostasis. "At least one cannabinoid receptor antagonist is on the verge of approval for the treatment of obesity-metabolic d...

Key gene controlling kidney development found

...lly triggered by a gene called Wnt4, which usually drives the normal development of kidneys. ...

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