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Tag: "drive" at biology news

Old memory traces in brain may trigger chronic pain

...abnormalities in people with chronic pain probably drive this memory abnormality. About 10 percent of the United States population suffers from chronic pain, of which the majority is back pain. One of Apkarian’s studies with rats tried to separately measure their emotional suffering and their physic...

Columbine flowers develop long nectar spurs in response to pollinators

...ction, and--in a never-ending process--continually drive the plants' spurs and the pollinator tongues to exceptionally long lengths." But it turns out, Whittall and Hodges found, that evolution acts in a more one-sided fashion in many plants: the plants evolve nectar spurs to match the tongue-lengths of...

U-M researchers discover gene switched off in cancer can be turned on

...ears, because they thwart the specific genes which drive the development and progress of cancers. They typically have few toxic side effects, unlike traditional chemotherapy, making them more tolerable as a long-term treatment or in combination with other drugs. “Tumors are not the same from one person ...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...lity in the subsurface by adding constituents that drive aggregation,” says Banfield. The scientists also sought to understand the mechanism by which proteins promote nanoparticle aggregation. They found that the presence of cysteine, an amino acid that is a building block to most proteins, yielded the ...

Chronic fatigue syndrome impairs a person's slow wave activity during sleep

...lenge, suggesting an impairment of the basic sleep drive and homeostatic response. The study, authored by Roseanna Armitage, PhD, and colleagues at the University of Michigan, focused on 13 pairs of identical twins discordant for CFS. Analyses, which were restricted to the first four non-REM periods each...

Global survey of lizards reveals greater abundance of animals on islands than on mainland ecosystems

... a co-author of the study. “Climate change will drive animals to move to new places,?says Lauren Buckley, a postdoctoral fellow at the Santa Fe Institute who is a visiting scholar at UCSD and the other co-author of the study. “Our research suggests that those animals that move to islands can strongly af...

US control strategies may make flu epidemics worse, UCLA study shows

...eople can be," Blower said. "These characteristics drive human behavior." Blower and her group used people's attitudes toward the seasonal flu to construct their model. With seasonal flu, protective immunity ?a flu shot ?lasts only one year. Thus, individuals must decide each year whether or not to part...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

... of cancer cells. The mechanisms that initiate and drive these events are only poorly understood, but it is widely accepted that loss of chromosome end protection can initiate genomic instability through bridge-breakage-fusion cycles. It is, therefore, very important to understand the mechanism of chromoso...

From the deep -- Researchers find new species of sea anemone

... deep-sea populations may shed light on how humans drive ecological change, whether it's through whaling or global climate change," she said, and also pointed out that there are now far fewer major whale migrations along the California coast. While the flesh of a dead whale decomposes within weeks, the ...

Revealing the machinery underlying the 'plastic' juvenile brain

... a decrease in the ability of visual experience to drive the histone modifications that are necessary for neural rewiring. The researchers concluded that the mechanism they discovered "might be important for plasticity in the visual cortex during the critical period, and its downregulation could be invo...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...valuating antiviral drug regimens and factors that drive drug resistance; identifying viral markers that may indicate how a virus becomes deadly, adapts and transmits infection; uncovering immune system mechanisms that protect against the H5N1 avian flu virus; and identifying the factors that make animals ...

It's never too late to get it back! Aging interrupted

...s like neurons and heart cells. Low calorie diets drive the body to replace and repair damaged cells. This process usually slows down as we age, but low calorie diets make the body re-synthesise and turn over more cells ?a situation associated with youth and good health. Dr. Spindler and his colleagues u...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...asiest method, but doing so on a large scale would drive up the price of corn, corn starch, and even tangential foods like beef, since cows are fed on corn—not to mention all the energy spent fertilizing, maintaining, and harvesting a crop like corn. Conversely, deriving ethanol from plant materials such a...

30+ AIDS vaccine clinical trials in 24 countries, research occurring on every continent

...l information over the coming years that will help drive the field's R&D agenda. We hope to begin to see even more novel vectors, as well as approaches that target neutralizing antibodies in the next few years," said CEO and President of IAVI, Dr. Seth Berkley. IAVI and its collaborators are curren...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...r of power-generating mitochondria in neurons that drive hunger. The increase in mitochondria, in turn, allows the brain's hunger center to remain active when periods of food scarcity result in a "negative energy balance," said Sabrina Diano of Yale University School of Medicine, who led the study. Inde...

Penn study on olfactory nerve cells shows why we smell better when we sniff

...s molecules in the air. The second is a peripheral drive in the brain to synchronize rhythmic activity, which is the concurrent firing of neurons in the olfactory bulb with breathing. "The mechanosensitivity may increase the sensitivity of our nose, especially when stimulated by weak odors," says Ma. "...

Blame the brain for high blood pressure

...d pressure, and finding new therapeutic targets to drive fresh drug development. Professor Paton said: “We are looking at the possibility of treating those patients that fail to respond to conventional therapy for hypertension with drugs that reduce blood vessel inflammation and increase blood flow with...

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...t you are using energy contained in the biomass to drive the entire process," he said. "I'm saying, treat b...by splitting water molecules using solar energy to drive the electrolysis. Usually, the hydrogen in liquid fuels made from biomass comes from the plant matte...

Antibody signal may redirect inflammation to fuel cancer

...dy's normally protective inflammation response can drive some precancerous tissues to become fully malignant, UCSF scientists report discovering an apparent trigger to this potentially deadly process. Typically, the "innate" immune system's Pac-Man-like white blood cells, or leukocytes, engulf and destro...

Biologists produce global map of plant biodiversity

... yet unknown to humanity." "Climate change may drive to extinction plants that hold important cures before we find them," says Kreft, a biologist at the Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants at the University of Bonn. "Ecological research like ours that captures complex diversity - environment rela...

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