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Tag: "downstream" at biology news

Chimpanzee study reveals genome variation hotspots

...evolution of copy number variant regions and their downstream implications for disease and phenotypic variation," Perry says. In the study, researchers looked at the structural genomic variation in DNA samples of 20 wild-born male chimpanzees. "We identified 355 copy number variants among the genomes of these...

MatBase -- A new transcription factor knowledge base released by Genomatix

...l Databases." Quality is essential for all further downstream analyses. Our quality standards were the key to success for MatInspector, the de facto gold standard in gene promoter analysis, used by more than 31.000 scientists around the globe today. More than 80% of our matrices match less than once in 1000 bas...

Anemone genes reveal versatile building blocks for body plans

...o different germ layers, with the TGFß ligands and downstream components deployed exclusively in the endoderm, or inner germ layer. It therefore appears that the ancient, ancestral function for this signaling system may have been to determine the different germ layers of the developing embryo in animals that ...

Stowers scientists demonstrate mechanism of vertebral formation

...t the genes governing many cellular properties are downstream of the segmentation clock, the mechanism that controls the formation of the vertebral column. "We are trying to understand how the periodic formation of the vertebral precursors in the embryo is controlled at the molecular level and how this proces...

Contaminants linked to sturgeon decline in Columbia river

...reservoirs along the Columbia River and from areas downstream of Bonneville, the last dam on the river in its path to the Pacific Ocean. The researchers found some of the fish living in reservoirs behind the dams had concentrations of chemicals up to 20 times higher than the fish below Bonneville. The contamina...

New insight into machinery of immune cells' 'tentacles'

...s a key regulator of actin polymerization, but the downstream molecules in this pathway have remained elusive," ...dd important new players in the regulatory pathway downstream of Rac," said Pendergast. "And since immune system activation depends critically on the formation of...

Advanced genomics and proteomics improve the diagnosis and treatment of a deadly lung disease

...ntists would like to know how Dicer is involved in downstream events, how it hands off the cleaved RNA and directs it to the right gene targets. Resolving the structure of Dicer, Doudna noted, was a technical challenge as the crystals are small. But she said that the work was facilitated by access to the HHMI-...

Molecule does more than slice and dice RNA

...ntists would like to know how Dicer is involved in downstream events, how it hands off the cleaved RNA and directs it to the right gene targets. Resolving the structure of Dicer, Doudna noted, was a technical challenge as the crystals are small. But she said that the work was facilitated by access to the HHMI-...

Forsyth scientists gain greater understanding of how embryos differentiate left from right

...t vertebrates, reveal mechanisms both upstream and downstream of its activity, and identify a novel role for this important ion transporter. Based on these observations, they proposed a detailed pH- and Vmem-dependent model of the early physiology of left/right patterning. Michael Levin, PhD. is an Associate M...

Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells

...ng the role of tyrosine kinase receptors and their downstream signaling events. The benefits of these 3-D assays are manifold. "This is a useful system for drug screening and testing new drugs as well as for understanding cancer progression," says Gudjonsson. ...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

... (BL), a tracer molecule that travels upstream and downstream to connected neurons, and green fluorescent protein (GFP), to mark the producing cells. By visualizing the locations of BL, GFP, and GnRH neurons and their axons, the researchers were able to identify neurons directly connected to GnRH neurons. They ...

Shorter colds, milder flu may follow from newly revealed immune mechanism

...e cellular receptor for CCLR and some of the first downstream signals that convey a survival message," Holtzman says. "Now, we aim to define more specific signaling proteins that allow the cell to live or die in the face of infection. Identifying these signals may allow us to regulate these signals during an i...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...hotoreceptor senses light and triggers a series of downstream events that control growth and development, accord...b of capturing light and triggering the cascade of downstream events under its control. "We think that without the knot, the protein conformational changes (prom...

Researchers quantify more noise in gene expression

... number that it makes clockwork-like regularity of downstream cellular circuits statistically impossible. Our gr...nd others have detected and classified significant downstream fluctuations that result from this source of 'intrinsic noise' in gene expression." Hasty leads a t...

New study expands understanding of the role of RNA editing in gene control

...ecule at a critical step in that process. Looking downstream along the miRNA processing pathway, the scientists also discovered that a molecular complex called RISC played a surprising role. Several components of RISC are known to be involved in normal miRNA processing. But the duties of an identified componen...

New factor implicated in allergy and asthma attacks

...olecules and accumulation of inflammatory cells, a downstream event common to lung and other type of allergic inflammations. By contrast, ragweed pollen extract from which NADPH oxidase had been removed produced no reactive oxygen species, and resulted in a much smaller increase in numbers of inflammatory immun...

Study identifies gene in mice that may control risk-taking behavior in humans

...in the neuroD2 gene-coding sequence or differences downstream of the neuroD2 pathway during brain development that could affect either psychiatric or emotional functions in humans? It's a completely unexplored question; it is the immediate next question you would go to if you want to understand how this gene im...

Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma

... exon and then as a donor for splicing to the next downstream ratchetting point or exon. As the process goes from ratchetting point to ratchetting point, small signature loops of RNA called lariats are released from the intron. Repeated over and over, recursive splicing eventually binds, or ligates, two distant...

Carnegie Mellon University research reveals how cells process large genes

... exon and then as a donor for splicing to the next downstream ratchetting point or exon. As the process goes from ratchetting point to ratchetting point, small signature loops of RNA called lariats are released from the intron. Repeated over and over, recursive splicing eventually binds, or ligates, two distant...

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Many of 2 billion dryland dwellers at risk as land degrades

...dition to dust storms, biophysical impacts include downstream flooding, impairment of global carbon sequestration capacity, and regional and global climate change. "Given the size of population in drylands, the number of people affected by desertification is likely larger than any other contemporary environmen...

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