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Tag: "division" at biology news

Master gene controls healing of skin in fruit flies and mammals

...ling in order to kick start processes such as cell division and cell migration." Mace, a former graduate student of biology professor William McGinnis, who led the UCSD team, became interested in the healing of insect cuticle when she noticed lesions in the cuticle of certain fruit fly mutants. She suspected...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...at we can rescue the normal phenotype without cell division means this procedure could be effective in all tissues." Misteli and his group will also look more closely at healthy cells to determine how similar progeria is to the normal aging process. For more information about progeria, please visit the NHGRI...

Measuring Enzymes At End Of Cancer Pathway Predicts Outcome Of Tarceva, Taxol

...Ueno theorizes that if something goes wrong during division - such as if Taxol is interrupting spindle assembly - CDK will become more active in an attempt to correct the problem. Working with the Sysmex Corporation of Kobe, Japan, the researchers devised a test to measure CDK activity and the expression, si...

Roots Engage in Underground Chemical Warfare

... Ausubel are supported by separate awards from the division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences at the National Science Foundation (NSF). Vivanco is a recipient of NSF's prestigious Faculty Early Career Development Award (CAREER). CAREER awards support the early career development of those researcher-educa...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...the process by which DNA copies itself before cell division ?slows or stalls. However, the DNA characteristics that make particular sites vulnerable to breakage had remained unclear, he said. The researchers slowed DNA replication in yeast cells by reducing the availability of one form of DNA polymerase, whi...

Nanoparticle Breast Cancer Drug Approved by FDA

... Gradishar, M.D., associate professor of medicine, division of hematology/oncology at Feinberg and co-director...cience and will be marketed by Abraxis Oncology, a division of American Pharmaceutical Partners. ...

Same-Sex Mating Discovered in a Toxic Fungus

...ual fruiting occurred strictly through the asexual division of cells into identical clones, Heitman said. That left scientists with a conundrum. C. neoformans has a defined sexual cycle involving both mating types. "Yet, how can sexual reproductive potential be maintained in an organism with a largely unisex...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...al connection between RNAi and the control of cell division in cancer." The researchers note that better understanding the mechanisms underlying RNAi could help transform what has been a research tool into a powerful therapeutic tool. Although the process has worked well in studies of cultured human cells, i...

Rare surgery performed to remove pancreas, prevent diabetes

...creaticobiliary Center. Eckhoff is director of the division of transplantation, and directs the University's islet cell transplant program, which uses pancreatic cells from brain-dead patients to cure insulin-dependent diabetics. Contreras is co-director of the islet transplant program. The patient was in int...

New drug shows promise as powerful anticancer agent

...s. The researchers found that ON01910 arrests cell division in a variety of human cancer cells, including cells that are notoriously resistant to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. The compound significantly inhibited a wide variety of human tumors, including liver, breast, and pancreatic cancers that wer...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

...on of substances in and out of a cell. During cell division (mitosis), the microtubule fibers disassemble and reform into spindles across which duplicate sets of chromosomes line up. During this phase, it is critical that the spindles maintain their structural integrity so that they can segregate a single cop...

Gene Signatures Predict Interferon Response For Multiple Sclerosis Patients

...nterferons stem viral infection by inhibiting cell division in neighboring cells—thus preventing the virus from reproducing—and triggering pathways that kill the infected cells. It's thought that interferon therapy may relieve symptoms associated with MS by correcting imbalances in the immune system that lead...

Use of PET can reduce, may eliminate more strenuous drug development trials with animals

... of 45Ti-Transferrin." Welch, a co-director of the division of radiological sciences at Washington University's renowned Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology and head of the institute's radiochemistry laboratory, explained that studies on the same living animal can be extended over a period of time, allowing r...

Potential treatments for neurofibromatosis

...ective, not enough neurofibromin is produced, cell division takes off and tumors develop. "It's like an engine being driven at full speed," said Dr. Clapp. To encourage development of the blood vessels they need, the tumors emit chemical signals that cause the mast cells to congregate in tissues surrounding...

Key Trigger Of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Found

...esearch Institute at Royal North Shore Hospital (a division of the University of Sydney) performed biochemical studies on brain slices from mice that had been treated with morphine. Their objective was to understand what happens to a particular region of the midbrain--called the periaqueductal gray (PAG)--kno...

The very unexpected life and death of a leukemic cell

...there is a dynamic interplay between rates of cell division and cell death. The data could enable physicians to predict disease progression. ### In vivo measurements document the dynamic cellular kinetics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/p...

Ants Genetic Engineering Leads To Species Interdependency

... the social innovations we consider to be our own: division oflabor, agriculture, and even slavery.Indeed, these traits have been taken to their extreme in many antspecies, such as the case of slavemaker ants, which have become sospecialized for raiding food from the colonies of other ants that theycan no lon...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...al connection between RNAi and the control of cell division in cancer." The researchers note that better understanding the mechanisms underlying RNAi could help transform what has been a research tool into a powerful therapeutic tool. Although the process has worked well in studies of cultured human cells, i...

Researchers identify target for cancer drugs

...Akt, an important player in the regulation of cell division and survival. Abnormally high activation of Akt has long been implicated in a variety of cancers. If Akt travels to the cell membrane, it is switched on and promotes cell division, often contributing to tumor growth as a result. However, as long as i...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

...of their cells. After identifying let-7 as a cell division regulator, Slack's team used bioinformatics and found the relationship to Ras. Let-7 in humans is identical to the sequence in the worm, and both binding site and pathway for Ras are highly conserved. Tissue from lung cancer tumors, compared with th...

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