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Tag: "division" at biology news

One-dimensional diffusion accelerates molecular motors

...or understanding cellular life processes like cell division and nerve cell growth. When cells divide, they build a giant apparatus - the so called the "mitotic spindle". It is made up of microtubules; which are tiny protein polymers that can be built up and torn down like scaffolding. They also make up "trac...

Higher risk for cervical cancer seen among women infected with multiple HPV types

...fessor of epidemiology and oncology, and director, division of cancer epidemiology at McGill University. Like previous studies on HPV in cervical cancer, the new research found that pre-cancerous abnormalities primarily occurred in women infected with HPV 16 and 18, the targets of Gardasil. The vaccine...

Study shows frogs can play key role in stem cell research

...alled Oct4, which governs the process of unlimited division of stem cells, has an equivalent in the African clawed frog, called PouV. This new research shows that the two proteins are not only similar, but perform the same function ?both bind to DNA and activate certain genes that keep stem cells dividing. In...

A protein complex that untangles DNA

...on cells, 1% of which die and are replaced by cell division every day. In order to ensure cell survival and co...oth chromosome repair and distribution during cell division are three related protein complexes. "Quite a bit is known about two of these complexes. One of the...

New strategy rapidly identifies cancer targets

...k in an "on" position, driving out-of-control cell division and, ultimately, cancer. This potentially devastating kinase activation carries a calling card in the form of a molecule called a phosphate. "The phosphates signal activated tyrosine kinases," said Druker. "So we decided to use the phosphates as m...

New light microscope sharpens scientists' focus

...erved Davidson, who directs the optical microscopy division at FSU. The researchers also acknowledge that the time needed to collect the thousands of single molecule images that go into each PALM picture is cumbersome. With the camera snapping one to two pictures each second, it can take two to 12 hours to...

New egg freezing technique offers hope to hundreds of women

...freezing on fertilisation, subsequent initial cell division (cleavage) and embryo quality. Out of 337 thawed eggs, 263 survived (78%), 221 were fertilised using ICSI (67.9%), 116 underwent cleavage up to the second day (77.3%), 92 embryos were implanted in 37 embryo transfer procedures and two pregnancies res...

Nutrition a major factor in rise in twin pregnancies

...been an increase in identical twinning through the division of the embryo into two, even without IVF", he said.... Among monozygotic (MZ) twins, caused by embryo division (so all are of like sex), the excess rate of same-sex twins among natural conceptions has risen stea...

MIT sheds light on how tumor cells form

... and EB1 proteins both are present for normal cell division to take place. "This is important because it is the first demonstration that interrupting the normal function of these proteins will cause the cell to become aneuploid," Draviam said. "Our research sheds light on what could go wrong to cause an irr...

A switch between life and death

...ed "Hippo." "Hippo acts as a switch between cell division and death," says Barry Thompson, "If the pathway is too active, tissues overgrow because too many cells divide and too few die. But until now, we hadn't found a connection between the signals and the cellular machinery that drives growth." Using sop...

Brittle prions are more infectious

... cell's metabolism. Prions propagate themselves by division of the insoluble clumps to create "seeds" that can continue to grow by causing aggregation of more proteins. In earlier studies, Weissman and his colleagues had discovered that the same prion can exist in different strains and have different infecti...

Cincinnati surgeons report new treatment for often-fatal injury

...ted by Joseph Giglia, MD, interim director of UC's division of vascular surgery, and his team in the March edition of Annals of Vascular Surgery. Dr. Giglia estimates that 80 to 90 percent of the patients who suffer this injury--known as blunt thoracic aortic trauma--die before ever reaching a hospital. The...

Novel connection found between biological clock and cancer

... normal role is exclusively in regulating the cell division cycle. CHK2 physically interacts with FRQ; the mu...amaged and results in a temporary stoppage of cell division until the damage is fixed. The researchers found that the resetting effect of DNA damage requires th...

ASU researchers find link between social behavior, maternal traits in bees

... still influence foraging behavior, resulting in a division of labor between pollen-foraging and nectar-foraging worker bees. To test this hypothesis, Amdam set up a race of sorts to determine which strain of worker bees became reproductively active the fastest. She separated the high and low pollen-hoarding...

Report lists top 20 most-vulnerable African carnivores

... shut off, and telomeres slowly shrink during cell division ?a normal process that helps limit cells' lifespan. Cancer cells, however, usually find a way to turn telomerase back on, achieving a dangerous immortality. "Getting telomeres replicated again is required for carcinogenesis to proceed," Cech explai...

Groovy protein essential for promoting cancer development

... shut off, and telomeres slowly shrink during cell division ?a normal process that helps limit cells' lifespan. Cancer cells, however, usually find a way to turn telomerase back on, achieving a dangerous immortality. "Getting telomeres replicated again is required for carcinogenesis to proceed," Cech explai...

BioMed Central launches Biology Direct

...National Center Biotechnology Information (NCBI) a division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at NIH, USA; Eugene V Koonin, Senior Investigator at NCBI; and Laura Landweber, Associate Professor at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. Lipman has long been interested in open access and has been ce...

Fruit fly reveals a potential connection between dementia and cancer

...ally re-express proteins normally seen during cell division or in cancer. It has previously been unclear whether such cell-division proteins cause neuronal death, protect neurons from death, or are irrelevant. In the present work, the researchers used a fruit-fly model of Alzheimer's disease to examine the r...

Rewind, please: Nature paper shows that cell division is reversible

... irreversible may, in fact, be reversible." Cell division occurs millions of times each day in the human bod...re able to control the protein responsible for the division process, interrupt and reverse the event, sending duplicate chromosomes back to the center of the or...

Removing DNA repair gene causes metabolic syndrome

...EIL1 during the synthesis or "S" phase of the cell division cycle, during which DNA is replicated before the cell actually divides, NEIL1 is important to replication-associated DNA repair. In addition, NEIL1 has been shown to be localized in both the cell's nucleus and its power plant, the mitochondria, point...

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