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Tag: "division" at biology news

Mayo discovers protein as potential tactic to prevent tumors

...at initiates a "quality control check" during cell division also directs cell death for those cells damaged during duplication. This knowledge represents a potential "bulls eye" for targeting anti-tumor drugs. The findings appear in the current issue of Science. The researchers examined a protein called cycl...

Novel regulatory mechanism identified for key tumor suppressor p53

...erful ability of the p53 protein to shut down cell division and induce cell death points to why the availability of a repressive mechanism such as the one outlined in the new study might be crucial for cellular survival. "You can imagine that if the p53 protein were present at all times and able to bind to ...

Scientists discover role for dueling RNAs

...n't survive. Fortunately, such destructive meiotic division is avoided in haploid cells because they continually produce IME4 antisense RNA, blocking the production of sense RNA. Antisense IME4, then, safeguards against meiosis in cells that can't handle it. "This is the first time that we've found a fun...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...otential approach to slowing the uncontrolled cell division of cancer. For example, the drug Taxol, which is u...em with using Taxol as a general inhibitor of cell division is that it works on all dividing cells, not just those involved in tumors or cancers, and so causes ...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

... is principle investigator of both studies. Cell division is central to the development, maintenance and propagation of all living organisms. During every cell cycle, the genome ?which carries the blueprint of life ?must be duplicated and distributed. Errors in genome distribution result in genetic birth ...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...l Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a division of the National Institutes of Health. Also called "Glue Grants," the awards bring together large teams of researchers to handle extremely complex problems. While the PNAS study patient sample was small, techniques based on it are now being used to st...

Stem cell activity deciphered in the aging brain

...olecule to tag all stem cells that were undergoing division in the process of staying "fresh" in case they wer... percent in old rats were dividing. This decreased division of stem cells is what causes the decreased neurogenesis, or birth of nerve cells, seen with aging, t...

Research links 'ecstasy' to survival of key movement-related cells in brain

...Lipton, director of the developmental neuroscience division in UC's psychiatry department, studies the long-term effects of abused drugs on the developing central nervous system. He noticed, during previous laboratory studies in rats, that prenatal exposure to MDMA increased growth of dopamine cells in the br...

Bacteria that use radiated water as food

...ies related to hydrothermal vent bacteria from the division Firmicutes. The ancient age of the fracture water and comparative DNA analysis of the bacterial genes suggests subsurface Firmicutes were removed from contact with their surface cousins anywhere from 3 million to 25 million years ago. The bacteria's ...

Search on for treatment of slow-healing wounds

... offers an important clinical perspective, and the division of dermatology at the University of Washington's Department of Medicine, which brings expertise in the biology of wound healing to the project. "It's a point to relish that much of the data that was gathered to make this grant successful was the re...

UNC scientists solve mystery of how largest cellular motor protein powers movement

... to life. These functions include mitosis, or cell division into identical cells. Dynein uses energy derived from ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that is the principal form of energy for cells. The lack of a comprehensive and detailed molecular structure for dynein has kept scientists largely in...

UGA scientists unravel 'molecular inch-worm' structure of walking-pneumonia bacterium

...w data indicate that gliding is essential for cell division in M. pneumoniae. "In addition to its significan...ple new terminal organelles often form before cell division is observed. From the standpoint of basic science, this research demonstrates the feasibility of u...

Newborn screening can cause unnecessary parental stress

... the Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) division of the Human Genome Project, National Institutes of Health. According to the CDC, over 4 million babies born in the U.S. each year undergo screening for biochemical genetic disorders, with severe disorders detected in about 3,000. One recent study ...

Study provides first look at the 'birth' of a retina cell

...ome a specific cell type. At a certain point, cell division stops, and the cell is fated to perform a certain function. "We can now view rod precursor cells at a crucial juncture," says Swaroop. "They are committed to becoming rod cells, but they are still adaptable and have not yet 'become' that type of ce...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

...cisely the moment of meiosis ?the specialized cell division process that produces sperm and eggs ?enabling the...s must organize themselves in preparation for cell division before they can be released. According to Amon, a deeper basic knowledge of the mechanism of coh...

RNA found in the cellular centrosome of surf clams

...ions of human cells, and biologists who study cell division value them for several reasons, according to Palaz...he eggs develop fast, entering the process of cell division less than 15 minutes after fertilization, and, once fertilized, divide in synch every 30-50 minutes ...

Protein's role in regulating cell death sets direction for cancer research

...ular Medicine with the Cancer Biology and Genetics division of Queen's University's Cancer Research Institute. "All cells in our body have the ability to trigger an intrinsic programmed cell death response. In the case of nerve cells that have been temporarily cut off from their oxygen supply because of a s...

Cutting calories slightly can reduce aging damage

... John O. Holloszy, a professor of medicine in the division of geriatrics and nutritional sciences at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, said the study is of major importance because it shows a mild degree of caloric restriction - just enough to prevent weight gain with advancing age - can...

Parallel evolution: Proteins do it, too

... it looks like, after gene duplication, there is a division of labor," Zhang said. "Before duplication, the gene is supposed to do both jobs: digestion and degrading double-stranded RNA. After duplication, one copy seems to retain the activity of degrading double-stranded RNA while the other copy has adapted ...

Leptin found to control appetite and limb development in frogs

... in the tadpole's waiting limbs that crank up cell division when leptin signals are received. "This hormone sets the stage for growth, both signaling to the brain that there are sufficient energy stores and perhaps directly promoting tissue growth and development." The timing of metamorphosis in frogs is cent...

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