Tag: "distinguish" at biology news

One species, many genomes

... many plant biologists. Which detailed differences distinguish the genomes of strains from the polar circle or the subtropics, from America, Africa or Asia has been investigated for the first time by research teams from Tübingen, Germany, and California led by Detlef Weigel from the Max Planck Institute for Dev...

Research team identifies new Alzheimer's gene

...le populations, more powerful array chips that can distinguish more genetic markers, and more sophisticated methods of analyzing the data....

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...emical makeup, human anti-oligomer antibodies can distinguish between them. The antibodies recognize a particular shape that proteins assume only when they become these toxic aggregates." The ability of the antibodies to recognize toxic proteins based on their shape may have important implications for immun...

Surprising origin of cell's internal highways

... you're not looking at it precisely, it is hard to distinguish between the centrosome and Golgi." To get a close look, Kaverina and colleagues tagged the growing ("plus") ends of microtubules in human retinal epithelial cells with a fluorescent molecule, videotaped their growth and carefully followed the tra...

Want to save polar bears? Follow the ice

... with meteorological data, the researchers hope to distinguish short-term, seasonal effects and large scale phenomena such as the Arctic and North Atlantic Oscillations from the long-term global warming trends that threaten the Arctic’s mega-fauna. Bergen will work with polar bear researchers from the United...

Scientists discover 5 new species of sea slugs from the Tropical Eastern Pacific

... jaws and other hard parts of the nudibranchs that distinguish species. This was part of the formal project “Phylogenetic Systematics of Nudibranchia,” sponsored by a National Science Foundation grant to Terrence M. Gosliner, senior curator for Invertebrate Zoology and Geology at the California Academy of Sci...

New bacteria test could improve quality of fruit and vegetable juice

...s a challenge because spoilage can be difficult to distinguish visibly until test results are confirmed or after juice products have been opened and tasted by consumers. In addition to agitating taste buds, the latter can affect consumer confidence. Lin's technique is significant because it identi...

Survival of the rarest: Fruit flies shed light on the evolution of behavior

...many survived to the end of their larval stage. To distinguish between the rovers and the sitters, which are physically identical, Fitzpatrick "tagged" one of the types with a green fluorescent protein that glows under ultraviolet light. Then, over the course of a year, Fitzpatrick sat in a darkened room for sev...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

...ments that would allow the DNA repair machinery to distinguish a chromosome end from a break," said Dr. Baumann. "By establishing an in vitro assay for chromosome end protection and by implicating specific proteins, we have opened the door to elucidate the mechanism by which RAP1/TRF2 inhibits double-strand brea...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...est coast of North America. Transients, which also distinguish themselves by feeding primarily on other marine mammals such as seals, refrain from vocalizing while hunting so that prey will not be alerted to their presence. When they begin feeding, they become more vocal. Learning more about the foraging behavi...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

...ker gives scientists the first-ever opportunity to distinguish between energy-producing structures, called mitochondria, in neurons, from mitochondria in other brain cells, called glia. Defects in mitochondria may be part of the process that leads to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as changes in the...

BMI not accurate indicator of body fat

... younger people and athletes, is that BMI does not distinguish between body fat and muscle mass, said Ode. "A previous study of NFL football players found that a large percentage of them ?around 60 percent ?were considered obese," he said. "But when you look at an athlete like that, you see that in many cases...

Using nanomagnets to enhance medical imaging

...highlight different tissues in the body or to help distinguish between healthy and diseased tissue. NIST is working with two universities and a hospital to design, produce and test nanomolecules that might make MRI imaging more powerful and easier to perform. The new paper resolves a debate in the literature by ...

Beyond the DNA: Chemical signatures reveal genetic switches in the genome

...ntzman, this 'histone code' was able to accurately distinguish between promoters, from which gene transcription is directly initiated, and enhancer regions - some of which are very distant from the target gene - to which transcription-activating cofactors bind. According to LICR's Dr. Bing Ren, the study's s...

Mine runoff continues to provide clues to microbial diversification

... a large fraction of an organism’s proteins and to distinguish them from proteins derived from quite closely related organisms,?Banfield said. “This opens the way for detailed studies of how a wide range of microbial communities are structured and how they function.? Hettich agreed that today’s powerful molecu...

Stem cells act through multiple mechanisms to benefit mice with neurodegenerative disease

...m the nervous system (called "adult" stem cells to distinguish them from embryonic stem cells even though they are taken from developing brain tissue). Both types of human stem cells were actually somewhat more effective than the mouse neural stem cells. And, they were equally as good as each other - in the firs...

Reading hidden intentions in the human brain

... two future actions, researchers have been able to distinguish cortical activity patterns that correspond to the subjects' different plans. The findings, reported by a collaborative group led by John-Dylan Haynes of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig, Germany, appear in Cu...

Infection detectives use disease 'fingerprints' to track common infections in children

...erichia coli). They analyzed 35 genes that help distinguish infections and identified infectious agents with b...r-than-average success rates. Doctors were able to distinguish between the influenza, E. coli and strep infections in 95 percent of cases. A different set of genes...

Large size crucial for Amazon forest reserves

...easy to miss species that actually exist there. To distinguish real absences from detection failures, the authors used state of the art statistical methods developed by James Nichols and colleagues, at the U.S. Geological Survey's Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. "With a handle on the detection problem it is...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

...onal doses of cocaine, it is actually very hard to distinguish those children at birth from children born to anyone else," he said. "However, as those children age, they do develop deficits in their cognitive and emotional development." These children often exhibit attention and arousal problems, similar to...

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