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Tag: "distinct" at biology news

Single-donor Islet Transplantation Procedure Shows Promise For Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

...ndent for longer than 1 year. "Our results mark a distinct advance in islet transplant efficacy. We not only ...inical care." "While these findings may suggest a distinct advance in islet transplantation, further study in a larger population with longer follow-up will be...

An (ecological) origin of species for tropical reef fish

...ations mutate independently until individuals from distinct populations can no longer interbreed and become ne...rt along the Brazilian coast were genetically more distinct than were fish collected 4200 km apart, from Fernando de Noronha island off of the Brazilian coast a...

Ebola virus: from wildlife to dogs

...e virus involved many contamination events between distinct animal species. Thus, the multiplicity of infected species, their different susceptibilities to the virus and the great differences in their ways of life, are indicators of the complexity of Ebola virus's circulation in its natural environment. These...

Scientists discover odd-ball rodent

...ents millions of years ago. "To find something so distinct in this day and age is just extraordinary. For all we know, this could be the last remaining mammal family left to be discovered," Dr. Timmins said. Very little is known about the Kha-Nyou, other than it seems to prefer areas of limestone outcroppin...

Ancient DNA helps clarify the origins of two extinct New World horse species

... the American and Eurasian horses' genomes are too distinct for this theory. "We found that the stilt-legged horse in North America was in fact a home-grown endemic, and had just converged morphologically, probably due to shared environments," Cooper explains. The study also suggests that all the North Ameri...

MIT engineers an anti-cancer smart bomb

...ive and safe, with prolonged survival, against two distinct forms of cancers--melanoma and Lewis lung cancer--in mice. The work will be reported in the July 28 issue of Nature, with an accompanying commentary. "We brought together three elements: cancer biology, pharmacology and engineering," said Ram Sasis...

Fat's fate depends on its source

...e, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism by activating distinct pools of PPARa in the liver. Further study is required to elucidate the mechanism by which nutrient sensors in the body distinguish between different sources of fat, the researchers said. ### The researchers include Manu V. Chakravarthy, Zhijun Pan...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

...ts target molecule. This surface also contains two distinct patches that are rich in positively-charged residues, suggesting it as a possible binding site for negatively-charged double-stranded RNA. "It's a sensational piece of work," says Scripps Research Professor Bruce Beutler, M.D., who studies TLR signa...

Novel compounds show promise as safer, more potent insecticides

...ceptors exist in both mammals and insects but have distinct differences. Researchers have known that ryanodine itself has insecticidal properties, but no synthetic molecules had previously been identified that potently and selectively target these receptors in insects, until now. Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd., bas...

Using computers and DNA to count bacteria

...e deciphered," said Dunbar. "More than a million distinct genomes were present in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. When we examined the populations levels in metal-contaminated soil, we found the bacterial genetic diversity was reduced more than 99.9 percent," lead...

Comparison of Cocaine, Methamphetamine ‘Highs?Finds Differences

...e deciphered," said Dunbar. "More than a million distinct genomes were present in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. When we examined the populations levels in metal-contaminated soil, we found the bacterial genetic diversity was reduced more than 99.9 percent," lead...

Multi-species genome comparison sheds new light on evolutionary processes, cancer mutations

...portunities for the isolation of mammals into more distinct breeding groups, speeding the development of species-specific chromosomes. "This study has revealed many hidden secrets on the nature and timing of genome evolution in mammals, and it demonstrates how the study of basic evolutionary processes can le...

Pinpointing a culprit molecule in Alzheimer's disease

... "The [Ab] mice that we have developed are clearly distinct from these other "minigene" models in that they efficiently secrete Ab. To date we have little evidence for the accumulation of intracellular Ab in these mice; thus, they provide an excellent tool to study the effects of secreted Ab independently of ...

Tetanus toxin found to have therapeutic properties

...ins, and they are very encouraging. Two separate, distinct parts form the tetanus toxin molecule: one part is the cause of the toxic effects and the tetanus symptoms; the other, however, is harmless and is able to penetrate and affect the nervous system. This harmless part, called the carboxy-terminal domain...

Overbearing colored light may reveal a second mechanism by which birds interpret magnetic signals

...ection. The findings point to the existence of two distinct mechanisms of magnetoreceptors in the birds--an inclination compass and a polarity-driven compass. It is especially intriguing that under some conditions, birds appear to switch to the polarity-type magnetic response, which is based on a mechanism of...

'Jumping genes' contribute to the uniqueness of individual brains

...odies capable of recognizing an infinite number of distinct antigens. In their study, the researchers closely tracked a single human mobile genetic element, a so-called LINE-1 or L1 element in cultured neuronal precursor cells from rats. Then they introduced it into mice. Every time the engineered L1 element...

Stem Cells Found In Cerebellum; Possible Cell of Origin for Childhood Brain Tumors

...re clearly identified as stem cells based on three distinct properties: their expression of a protein called Prominin-1 or CD133, which is commonly found on stem cells; their ability to divide indefinitely in response to stem cell growth factors; and their ability to generate all the major cell types in the c...

Penguin chicks exposed to human visitors experience spike in stress hormone

...rates or weight differences at fledging, caused by distinct differences in corticosterone levels between newly hatched chicks in tourist and non-tourist areas of the reserve, Walker said. But it is unclear what later effects the elevated stress hormones might have. "We don't know yet what it means ?it might ...

Researchers identify new catfish family

... life of Mesoamerica is exceptionally diverse with distinct origins from North America, South America and adjacent oceans. They said Lacantunia enigmatica appears not to fit any of those patterns and thus the name of the species reflects the mystery surrounding its origins and relationships. The generic nam...

New Lab Research May Help Those Deafened By Immune System Attack

...A has about the same molecular weight as -- but is distinct from -- a protein that serves as the basis for a currently available commercial AISNHL test. That test, based on a protein-separation test known as Western blot, is known to give accurate results only some of the time. The U-M team reported in previo...

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