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Tag: "disruption" at biology news

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

...d on the task). "These behavioral data implicate a disruption in the ability to perceive inner motivational drives in cocaine addiction," Goldstein said. The fMRI results also revealed that non-addicted subjects responded to the different monetary amounts in a graded fashion: the higher the potential reward,...

Temperament linked to onset of cancer and early death in female rats

...roductive cycles than adventuresome rats, and that disruption could account for hormonal differences linked to the development of cancer earlier, the scholars found. There was no difference in the length of time between onset of cancer and death in the two set of rats, however, the scholars found. Because th...

Renewed dolphin slaughter prompts new campaign

...strong family ties all of which are susceptible to disruption or even dissolution in the drives. "The scientific evidence is abundantly clear--the Japanese dolphin hunts are an assault on intelligent, sentient, and emotional beings with brains that should make us all stop and think" said Dr. Lori Marino, Seni...

UNC scientists solve mystery of how largest cellular motor protein powers movement

...e and kidney disorders. Dokholyan pointed out that disruption of dynein’s interaction with a particular regulator protein causes defects in nerve cell transmission and mimics the symptoms of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ...

Most widely used organic pesticide requires help to kill

...cts has been assumed to be a simple toxin-mediated disruption of the cells that line the insect gut. The damaged cells, according to the prevailing hypothesis, lead to starvation. An alternative hypothesis holds that the spread of the bacterium in infected insects leads to blood poisoning and death. "It was o...

ABCB6 is key to production of heme in hemoglobin

...e more porphyrin, the building block of heme. "Any disruption of this relationship can cause serious problems in...our work contributes to the overall picture of how disruption of the biochemical pathway of heme production can cause a variety of serious diseases." ...

Gene linked to rare disease activates fat breakdown

...e affects energy metabolism in various tissues. As disruption of the equilibrium of lipid synthesis and degradation can result in prevalent metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, the findings might have important implications for understanding these increasingly common disorders as well, Zechn...

UBC researchers find stroke death channel

...ellular space. Until now, scientists believed the disruption to occur at the site of glutamate channels. Glutamate is one of the brain's most abundant chemical messengers. However, therapeutic strategies targeted at glutamate channels failed to prevent brain cell death. "Our discovery was unexpected ?we're no...

Research offers new hope for preterm babies

... out this work at the baby's bedside means minimal disruption to a baby whose health is so critical." "Acquiring this piece of equipment is a big step forward for us. We believe we will soon have the data that will tell us to what extent preterm babies can auto-regulate blood and oxygen flows in the brain. Thi...

Making a face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development

...are among the common malformations associated with disruption of neural crest development. Chick embryos have well-characterized stages and are a valuable model for examining vertebrate development. While it was known that the ability to form neural crest cells declines after "stage 10," the researchers were...

Neural stem cell gene plays crucial role in eye development

...genes The investigators discovered that, in mice, disruption of the SOX2 gene in neural retinal stem cells leads to a kind of abnormal development of the eye called microphtalmia, or small eye. Approximately 10 percent of all human cases of microphtalmia result from mutations in the SOX2 gene. Moreover, this ...

Vegetables inhibit growth of prostate cancer in mice with human tumors

...he subtle effects they can have, such as endocrine disruption and effects on the immune system," she said. "A lot of people think this issue has been taken care of, but it is still very much a problem." Finkelstein, who earned a Ph.D. in ocean sciences at UCSC in 2003, conducted this study as part of her thes...

Albatross study shows regional differences in ocean contamination

...he subtle effects they can have, such as endocrine disruption and effects on the immune system," she said. "A lot of people think this issue has been taken care of, but it is still very much a problem." Finkelstein, who earned a Ph.D. in ocean sciences at UCSC in 2003, conducted this study as part of her thes...

New method enables gene disruption in destructive fungal pathogen

...ge, and broccoli. Genomic methods that allow the disruption of several thousand genes are needed because they ...y powerful research tool." The generation of gene disruption mutants has been a limiting step for the analysis of gene function in most filamentous fungi. The ne...

New Research Shows Artificial Light at Night Stimulates Breast Cancer Growth in Laboratory Mice

...ack, stroke and asthma. “Evidence is emerging that disruption of one’s circadian clock is associated with cancer in humans, and that interference with internal timekeeping can tip the balance in favor of tumor development,?said Blask. “The effects we are seeing are of greatest concern to people who routinely s...

Hopkins researchers discover genetic switch that turns off an oxygen-poor cell's combustion engine

...ATP by processing a byproduct of glycolysis. The disruption of this link blocks the tendency of the mitochondrion to make toxic molecules as it struggles to produce ATP during hypoxia. These toxic molecules, called reactive oxygen species (ROS), damage molecules in the cell and even cause the cell to undergo ...

Novel virus entry mechanism could lead to new drugs against poxviruses

...teins on the virus particle caused a non-fusogenic disruption of the virus outer envelope, allowing the poxvirus...ing antiviral antibodies to be more effective. The disruption of the outer membrane also limits the spread of the virus in the body. Professor Geoffrey L. Smit...

Therapeutic prospects beyond Vioxx

...ibitors, such as Celebrex. They found that genetic disruption of COX-2; inhibition of the enzyme by different inhibitors; and disruption of prostacyclin's effects by removing its receptor all had the same effect ?a predisposition to clot...

St. Jude projects 90 percent cure rate for ALL

...an cause second cancers, hormonal disturbances and disruption of intellectual development as the child grows. So our omission of the use of irradiation should further reduce acute and long-term toxic side effects and improve outcome." Coupled with the successes of the recent past, future treatment improvements...

Cheaper and simpler keyhole surgery

...n to carry out keyhole surgery. This is due to the disruption of hand-eye coordination, as the surgeon has to operate via a 2D image on a monitor. Moreover, the video camera has to be operated by an assistant and the work must be done using long and rigid instruments that provide little freedom of movement. The...

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