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Tag: "disrupted" at biology news

Mayo Clinic collaboration discovers protein amplifies DNA injury signals

...gate the role of the protein MDC1, the researchers disrupted the MDC1 gene in mice and compared them to normal mice. The engineered strain of mice lacking MDC1 was extremely sensitive to DNA damage -- and unable to repair it. The MDC1-deficient mice showed symptoms of growth retardation, male infertility, immu...

Formation of cellulose fibers tracked for the first time

...the microtubules. When the microtubule tracks were disrupted with specific drugs, the cellulose synthase molecules kept moving, but they followed different, less directed patterns. "Many scientists had suspected a relationship between cellulose synthase and microtubules, but the exact nature of the interactio...

'Word-vision' brain area confirmed

...ent whose surgery to relieve epilepsy specifically disrupted the VWFA has given researchers, led by Laurent Cohen of the Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, an opportunity to demonstrate that the region does indeed play a causal role in the ability to recognize words. The researchers reported in the April 20, 2006, is...

Losing sleep undoes the rejuvenating effects new learning has on the brain

...e primary cognitive strategy, and only when it was disrupted by lack of sleep, did a secondary strategy emerge. "It would be interesting to expand our findings to see if other competing processes are similarly affected by sleep restriction," Hairston said. For example, scientists know that people who have suf...

New fruit fly protein illuminates circadian response to light

...stant light for one week, the controls developed a disrupted sleep pattern after a few days, while the mutants maintained a regular circadian rhythm. The mutant and control flies displayed no behavioral differences during their exposure to constant darkness and the light-dark cycle. However, when the fruit fli...

Septum keeps neurons in synch, can reduce epileptic seizures by 90 percent

...pment of anti-epileptic drugs, said Colom. Theta disrupted in epileptic rats In this study, the researchers induced epilepsy by injecting anesthetized rats with pilocarpine, a drug that excites the brain's neurons and activates the synapses between the neurons to produce status epilepticus, in which sustai...

FSU biologists uncover mechanisms that shape cells for better or worse

...high levels of Dystroglycan protein, which in turn disrupted oocyte polarity. However, even with the mutated EGFR pathway gene, we were able to restore normal polarity by turning Dystroglycan off artificially," he said. "While much remains unknown, our research confirms that EGFR regulation of Dystroglycan p...

Researchers uncover new mechanism of tumor suppressor

...ond to DNA damage and other acute stresses, and if disrupted can cause cancer. Their findings, which could lead to new diagnostic markers and cancer treatments with fewer side effects, will appear in two reports in the May 21 advanced online version of the journal Nature. The studies, led by Tatiana Kutatelad...

'Sticky' mice lead to discovery of new cause of neurodegenerative disease

... and her colleagues searched for the gene that was disrupted by the sti mutation. They were surprised to find a subtle defect in a gene that codes for part of the cell's protein synthesis machinery -- an enzyme called alanyl tRNA synthetase. This enzyme is responsible for loading, or "charging" the amino a...

Neural stem cell gene plays crucial role in eye development

...dy indicates that the degree to which SOX2 gene is disrupted dictates the severity of this condition. "We found that even a reduction in normal SOX2 levels causes problems in these mice and this mimics the problems seen in humans," said Pevny. The scientist pointed out that the problem in eye development in...

Pitt phage hunter takes on tuberculosis

.... Furthermore, this occurred because the phage had disrupted a M. smegmatis gene called groEL1-which has a nearly identical counterpart in M. tuberculosis. The NIH grant will allow Hatfull and Jacobs to explore whether the Bomber also affects the groEL1 gene in the TB-causing germ. If so, it could pave the ...

UBC researchers find stroke death channel

..., in animal models, that brain cell membranes were disrupted at the site of gap junction hemichannels. Gap junctions are connections that allow molecules and ions to flow between cells. Junctions are composed of two hemichannels that bridge the intercellular space. Until now, scientists believed the disruptio...

UGA scientists engineer root-knot nematode resistance

...nocked out the parasitism gene in the nematode and disrupted its ability to infect plants. "No natural root-knot resistance gene has this effective range of root-knot nematode resistance," Hussey said. The researchers' efforts have been directed primarily at understanding the molecular tools the nematode use...

Key gene controlling eye lens development identified

...rmation because inactivation of Six3 significantly disrupted development of the area of the brain where the eye normally forms. The St. Jude team overcame this problem by taking advantage of Cre/loxP-technology, which allowed them to choose the time and place in which to remove Six3 function from specific cell...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...e scientists speculated that this process could be disrupted if the nerve cells have no neuroligins. At the time of Bourgeron TM 's discovery, Nils Brose and Frederique Varoqueaux, brain researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine in Göttingen, in collaboration with colleagues Weiqi Zha...

Plant-derived molecules, genetic manipulation point to future chemoprevention methods

...(programmed cellular death, a process that's often disrupted in cancer) in breast cancer cells, and blocked the growth of breast cancer cells in mice. CDDO and its synthetic variant CDDO-ME are undergoing clinical trials for leukemia and solid tumors. Beginning at 10 weeks of age, mice that were geneticall...

Taking 'chips' to the next level of gene hunting

...nome where so-called jumping genes have landed and disrupted normal gene function. This chip is described online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The most commonly used gene chips are glass slides that have arrayed on them neat grids of tiny dots containing small sequences o...

Mayo researchers discover HIV dependence on a human protein

...ting protein (integrase). If the connection can be disrupted in the future, it might lead to new therapy for HIV or safer methods of gene therapy. The details appear today in the journal Science. "How an incoming virus co-opts the cell's assistance as it proceeds to establish its permanently integrated state ...

Train your brain to hear your friends at a party

...aring problem in at least one ear, this ability is disrupted and the brain struggles to tell one sound from ano...ly reduced (because their spatial hearing had been disrupted by the earplug) but after two weeks they regained their ability and by the end of the period were as...

Origin of inherited pain disorder pinpointed

...Analysis of these mutations revealed that they all disrupted the ability of the sodium channel to rapidly snap shut, prolonging activation of the peripheral nerves in which the channels functioned. What's more, the researchers found, the drug carbamazepine—known to be effective in PEPD—acts to correct this abn...

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