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Tag: "disorder" at biology news

Older fathers more likely to have autistic children

...other's age, such that the odds of autism spectrum disorder were nearly six times greater among children of men age 40 and older than those of men 29 years and younger. Older age among mothers was not associated with autism after researchers factored in the effect of the father's age. The authors discuss s...

Anticipation plays a powerful role in human memory, brain study finds

...hological conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety, which are often characterized by flashbacks and intrusive memories of upsetting events. "The main motivation for this study was a clinical one, in terms of understanding and applying knowledge about memory so that we can ...

Study uncovers mutation responsible for Noonan Syndrome

...f Noonan syndrome (NS), a common childhood genetic disorder which occurs in one in 1,000-2,500 live births. NS is characterized by short stature, facial abnormalities, and learning disabilities, as well as heart problems and predisposition to leukemia. Led by researchers at Harvard Medical School-Partner...

A silent pandemic: Industrial chemicals are impairing the brain development of children worldwide

...mental disorders (NDDs)--autism, attention deficit disorder (ADHD), and mental retardation. Still, there has been insufficient research done to identify the individual chemicals that can cause injury to the developing brains of children. In a new review study, published online in The Lancet on November 8, 2...

Origin of inherited pain disorder pinpointed

The genetic basis for a rare inherited disorder that causes severe burning pain with no warning ha...searchers. They found that paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) is caused by specific mutations in porelike sodium channels in peripheral nerve cells—a disco...

Studies look at how genes affect antipsychotic drug response

... Risperidone is widely prescribed to treat bipolar disorder in children, accounting for half of all atypical antipsychotic prescriptions in pediatric psychiatry. Adverse drug effects, such as weight gain and the possibility of prolactin elevation, are often dose-limiting and affect medication compliance. ...

New technology to speed up research into Huntington's disease

...ase. Whilst useful mouse models mimicking this disorder have been developed, it has been difficult to test cognitive skills such as learning, because most traditional experiments demand a level of physical performance that the mice cannot deliver due to the effect of the disease on their motor abilities. ...

Leading reason for corneal transplants comes into focus

...n that Fuchs is not just one disease, but rather a disorder with several genetic flavors." Gottsch became interested in FCD more than six years ago when he treated a woman with a corneal dystrophy of unknown origin that looked remarkably similar to FCD despite slightly different symptoms. "I knew it wasn't...

New engineered drug may offer prolonged arthritis relief

... It is the nation's most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder and the leading cause of disability, the researchers said, adding that as the average age of the population continues to rise, the incidence of osteoarthritis will increase. Osteoarthritis had been attributed primarily to the gradual wear and tear ...

Brain regions do not communicate efficiently in adults with autism

...ous brain regions of people with the developmental disorder may not communicate with each other as efficiently...mental disorders, is the most common developmental disorder in the United States. It is estimated to affect one in every 166 children. Autism is characterized...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

...logy that these tools have helped to identify as a disorder of the brain." Goldstein will present details of these studies at a press conference on neuroscience and addiction at the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) annual meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, on Sunday, October 15, 2006, 2 to 3 p.m., and at a SfN sym...

Antioxidant protects against lung damage in silicosis

...d 46 male patients with silicosis, an inflammatory disorder caused by inhaling crystalline silica for prolonged periods. The study included 27 male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 27 healthy male volunteers as controls. The investigators also studied a mouse model of silicosis. Sili...

Holiday gluttony can spell disaster for undiagnosed diabetics

...es and don't even know it. Diabetes, a metabolic disorder linked with obesity, can be a silent killer because its symptoms aren't sudden, but build up over time and lead to heart disease or other maladies. That's bad news for those with undiagnosed diabetes. "The obesity epidemic is surging and people d...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

...elf-protein was sufficient to cause the autoimmune disorder in the retina. The scientists hope that better understanding of interactions in the thymus can lead to earlier, more effective treatment of autoimmune diseases. "When we see autoimmune disease in the clinic, we are usually looking at it in a rel...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

...elf-protein was sufficient to cause the autoimmune disorder in the retina. The scientists hope that better understanding of interactions in the thymus can lead to earlier, more effective treatment of autoimmune diseases. "When we see autoimmune disease in the clinic, we are usually looking at it in a rel...

Gene therapy for hereditary lung disease advances

...lpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, a common hereditary disorder that causes lung and liver disease, has caused no harmful effects in patients and shows signs of being effective, University of Florida researchers say. In a clinical trial, researchers evaluated the safety of using a so-called gene vector - in this...

Researchers discover new gene responsible for brittle bone disease

...ne. Previously, OI was known only as a genetic disorder in the formation of collagen fibers, the protein framework of which bone and cartilage are built. People with OI were known to have a faulty gene that instructed their bodies to make either too little or weak collagen because of defects or mutations ...

Zinc plays important role in brain circuitry

...ted response to noise as children with the genetic disorder called "startle disease," or hyperekplexia. The findings shed light on a nagging mystery in neurobiology: why the connections among certain types of neurons contain considerable pools of free zinc ions. And even though many studies had shown that zi...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...odern human afflicted with microcephaly, a genetic disorder characterized by an abnormally small head and an underdeveloped brain. ...

USC team reveals structure of APOBEC family protein

...es wrong in patients with the rare, serious immune disorder hyper-IgM immunodeficiency syndrome type 2, or HIGM-2. The syndrome is characterized by mutations in the gene encoding AID, the activation-induced cytidine deaminase protein, and a weakened immune system. USC biochemist Myron Goodman and his forme...

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