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Tag: "discover" at biology news

Failure of 'scout cells' may lead to cancer in transplant patients

...If we can understand the mechanism, perhaps we can discover how to prevent this type of cancer in transplant patients. The incidence of this cancer varies according to the organ transplanted, occurring in 1 to 2 percent of kidney transplant patients and in up to 20 percent of bone marrow and lung transplan...

Cells use mix-and-match approach to tailor regulation of genes

...enome. The team used rigorous statistical tests to discover active combinations of transcription factors, as if the cells were mixing and matching parts of its regulatory-protein wardrobe to respond to different environmental conditions. The researchers expect that human cells use a similar system of transcri...

Schepens scientists are first to discover angiogenesis switch inside blood vessel cells

...iliate of Harvard Medical School, are the first to discover a switch inside blood vessel cells that controls angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth). The switch, they learned, is turned on and off by the balance between two enzymes (known as PI3K and PLCg) that compete for the use of the same lipid membrane to...

When the going gets tough, slime molds start synthesizing

...urroundings and mankind has exploited this fact to discover the vast majority of pharmaceuticals used to treat disease today. "The major fundamental question in our case is why do organisms make chemicals, what role do these molecules play in nature and how does the cellular machinery used to make them evolve...

Researchers seek to solve mystery of natural HIV control

...ti-institutional research consortium is seeking to discover how a few HIV-infected individuals are naturally a... long as 25 years after infection. "If we could discover how these individuals can coexist with this virus without damage to their immune system and could fi...

Possible birthplace of malignant brain tumors identified

...ed by Cell Press. In their studies, they sought to discover whether neural stem cells in the brain called B cells carry a receptor--known as platelet-derived growth factor receptor á (PDGFRá)--for the signaling molecule PDGF. Neural stem cells are immature cells that serve as the continual source of new bra...

UF scientists restore sight to chickens with blinding disease

...ine faculty member, has worked since 1986 to first discover the malfunctioning gene, known as GC1, and then to develop a viral therapy to treat it. "I will always remember the first animal that we successfully treated," said Semple-Rowland, who is also a member of the UF Center for Vision Research and the UF...

UT Southwestern researchers find gene mutation that leads to 'broken hearts'

...congenital heart disease. "We were surprised to discover that a group of enzymes involved in lipid synthesis plays a previously unrecognized role in assembling the heart. The same mechanism is likely to be involved in human-heart development," said Dr. Olson, director of the Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Cent...

Selenium-protein deficiency raises prostate cancer risk

...Diamond added that much work remains to be done to discover exactly how selenoproteins play their protective role, and in whom. At least 25 different selenoproteins have been found in the human body. But what role each plays is not known, nor is it known if certain persons are genetically more -- or less -- ...

First surveys of Tanzanian mountains reveal 160+ animal species, including new & endemic

...rvation Group. "Imagine what other wildlife we may discover if we can help preserve the whole mountain range." Researchers found eleven species endemic to or found only in the Eastern Arc Mountain range. Among these eleven species are the Mountain dwarf galago, two chameleons, the checkered elephant shrew (...

Parkinson's disease mechanism discovered

...leagues had conducted a genetic screen in yeast to discover genes whose activity affected the toxicity of alpha-synuclein. That study showed that genes enhancing ER-to-Golgi trafficking prevented alpha-synuclein toxicity. In particular, they found that one protein, called Ypt1p, which is involved in regulatin...

Chimpanzees can transmit cultural behavior to multiple 'generations'

... The chimpanzees in the control group were able to discover both methods through individual exploration, sugge... the chimpanzees in the control group were able to discover both methods through individual exploration. Clearly, observing one exclusive technique from a previ...

Scientists uncover rules for gene amplification

...ation. The first step towards achieving this is to discover the rules that govern whether an amplification event is a double minute or a homogenously-staining region. It's known that regions of chromosomes that are prone to amplification have palindromic sequences of DNA, which are weak places where the chro...

The loss of a protein favors lung tumor growth

...he alterations that occur. All of this in order to discover specific therapies for correcting these errors. ...

Record bonefish

...ish behavior and migration patterns. As fishermen discover the tags on the fish they catch, they are instructed to measure and release the fish, note their whereabouts, and notify the program of the recapture via the phone number provided. This was the case on Dec. 29, when Dr. Brian Harris, a dermatologist...

AIDS-related cognitive impairment exists in two separate forms

...serve as targets for novel anti-cancer drugs. To discover which miRNAs are expressed in colon cancer, compared to normal colon tissue, researchers at Thomas Jefferson University used a microarray chip containing probes for most of the known miRNAs in human and mouse. The investigative team, led by Bruce Bom...

Markers of gene, protein, or micro-RNA activity predict outcome in prostate and colorectal cancers

...serve as targets for novel anti-cancer drugs. To discover which miRNAs are expressed in colon cancer, compared to normal colon tissue, researchers at Thomas Jefferson University used a microarray chip containing probes for most of the known miRNAs in human and mouse. The investigative team, led by Bruce Bom...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

... Ohio State University and the first researcher to discover miRNA involvement in human cancer, had a hunch that there might be shared patterns of miRNA among certain cancers. Under his direction, researchers looked for miRNA activity, or expression, in 540 samples of lung, breast, stomach, prostate, colon and...

'Shuttling' protein possibly key to resilience of cancer cells

...npoint the location of c-Jun-ATF2 heterodimers and discover the shuttling movements of ATF2. The ATF2 protein also has been found in the cytoplasm of diseased brain cells in Alzheimer's disease and muscle cells in the heart, suggesting the same shuttling mechanism might be involved in those conditions. "Thes...

Mayo Clinic researchers challenge sepsis theory

...ctually initiates sepsis." Research is underway to discover new therapies that could prevent, blunt or reverse the release of the constrained receptor. ...

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