The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource
...using on both plants and microbes, in an effort to discover new biotechnology-based methods of producing fuels from plant matter (biomass) cost-effectively. Earlier this year DOE published a study summarizing the views of over fifty leading scientists in the field of biofuels research that expressed optim...Scientists discover role for dueling RNAs
... surprised if these findings eventually lead us to discover an entirely new level of gene regulation." Hongay is now searching the yeast genome for other genes that might be regulated by antisense RNA. ...Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD
...are properly connected. Desai's future goal is to discover precisely how the complex identified by Sandall activates Aurora kinase only near bad attachments. ...UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation
...o define and map sites where known drugs work, and discover targets along the pathway for new drugs. "If you think of these pathways as interstate highways on a map, this study now enables us to see other back roads that lead to the destination," said Ginsberg. Talin is also critical for activation of relat...New book uses ABCs to teach children microbiology
..., teachers, librarians, and even older students to discover the fascinating world of microorganisms. "We are immersed in microbes. They live in our bodies, in our food, and in everything that surrounds us; we cannot live without them. The Invisible ABCs presents answers to questions that we all have an int...Reading Shakespeare has dramatic effect on human brain
...uman thinking. Through the two disciplines, we may discover new insights into the very motions of the mind." ...Too mellow for our predatory world
...re therefore a suitable model of study in order to discover if such generally tame animals are capable of adapting their behaviour and endocrine stress response to novel predation threats. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, the University of Ulm Tufts University and Princeton University...Researchers examine why food tastes bad to chemotherapy recipients
...prevent the metallic flavor production. "If we can discover the cause of the production of metallic flavor, then preventive methods can be taken accordingly," Dietrich said. In correct amounts, metals in drinking water are actually important sources of micronutrients in the human diet. In fact, iron and cop...Affymetrix 500K array used to identify memory gene
...ix, Arizona have used the Affymetrix 500K Array to discover a gene--called Kibra--associated with memory performance in humans. The team's findings may be used to develop new medicines for memory-based diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by providing scientists with a better understanding of how memo...Why Popeye only has eyes for spinach
...rovides some protection against AMD but we want to discover whether eating vegetables rich in these chemicals will have a direct impact on the disease. "Since macular pigment is wholly derived from our diet we would expect that eating foods containing high levels of these compounds increases macular pigment...New mechanism explains glucose effect on wakefulness
...tassium into the cell. The researchers set out to discover how glucose inhibits a particular class of glucose-sensing neurons that produce tiny proteins called orexins, which are central regulators of states of consciousness. Wrote Burdakov and colleagues, "These cells are critical for responding to the ev...Genetic 'roadmap' charts links between drugs and human disease
...onnectivity Map works much like a Google search to discover connections among drugs and diseases," said senior... the Connectivity Map, the scientists were able to discover the mechanisms underlying a novel drug candidate for prostate cancer, and that a drug currently used...Scientists use gene signatures to match cancer and other diseases with potentially effective drugs
...onnectivity Map works much like a Google search to discover connections among drugs and diseases," explained Todd Golub, MD, who is an investigator at Dana-Farber, the head of the Cancer Program of the Broad Institute, an associate professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, and a Howard Hughes Medical...Gardenia fruit compound starting point for diabetes therapy
...Harvard Medical School. "Our goal therefore was to discover a UCP2 inhibitor capable of working in intact cells, as such an inhibitor could theoretically represent a lead compound for agents aimed at improving beta cell function in type 2 diabetes." Study coauthor Chen-Yu Zhang's familiarity with traditional...Trials for new drug to overcome HIV
.... The trial planned for this month is intended to discover how the drug performs as part of a combination treatment with other anti-HIV drugs, which is a more realistic situation. Fortyeight patients whose existing drug regimes are failing will receive either PA-457 or a placebo in addition to their standard...Salk scientists get to the root of plant cell fate
... a plant cell's fate from shoot to root, hoping to discover how cells at the "basal" end of plant embryos become roots, while cells at the top or "apical" end become shoots that give rise to leaves, branches, and flowers. "We want to know how a plant can set aside a root and a shoot pole during embryogenesis ...Bone marrow may restore cells lost in vision diseases
...hy the disease is occurring." Researchers want to discover ways to mobilize an elderly patient's own cells to travel to the injury site to make repairs. "The dogma has been that we're born with a fixed amount of RPE, but there is growing evidence retinal progenitor cells exist in the adult," said Lawrence R...New research finds surveys of larval-stage organisms effective for measuring marine biodiversity
...t's unique about this study is that we didn't just discover new species, we used DNA barcoding to quantify how much biodiversity is out there that we don't know about." According to Barber, the results suggest that examining marine life in the larval stage offers a new and highly effective way to estimate bi...New study reveals signaling pathways required for expansion of pancreas stem cells
...unded by the National Institutes of Health, was to discover the roles of two proteins-BMP4 and Id-in causing proliferation or expansion of pancreatic progenitors. Hong Hua, a postdoctoral fellow in Sarvetnick's lab, was the lead author of this study. The progression of pancreatic stem cells to beta cells is ...When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren’t quite so random, study finds
... "When you study an RNAP enzyme at that scale, you discover that it moves along the DNA for a while, and then for no apparent reason it appears to stop. Some pauses we've already figured out. The really long ones, which happen every 1,000 bases or so and last up to 30 minutes, often occur when the enzyme make...