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Tag: "directly" at biology news

Sperm trading can resolve hermaphrodite mating conflicts

By directly manipulating mating performance in a tropical sea slug, Chelidonura hirundinina, researchers of the University of Tbingen have now shed light on the bizarre reproductive conflicts encountered by hermaphroditic animals. In some hermaphroditic species,...

University of Arizona plant scientists to unravel maize genome

...d less allergenic than the foods we eat today will directly benefit consumers. Corn plants will also prove useful in producing novel compounds, such as industrial feedstocks, biofuels and medicinal products. Wing's group provides the framework for the project: a so-called physical map that covers about 95 p...

Did feathered dinosaurs exist?

... over whether today's winged creatures are derived directly from advanced theropods, or from an earlier shared ancestor. The current theory supports direct derivation, but recent fossil discoveries in China have led to new questions about the claim. The Chinese discoverers reported finding all stages of feath...

Model identifies genes that induce normal skin cells to become abnormal

...duction of changes in skin cell gene expression is directly related to exposure to the metastatic microenvironment," the authors said. Hendrix's co-researchers on the study were Elizabeth A. Seftor; Kevin M. Brown; Lynda Chin; Dawn A. Kirshmann; William W. Wheaton; Alexei Protopopov; Bin Feng; Yoganand Balag...

Penn study finds direct role for glial cells in brain cross-talk

...ped glial cells in the brain called astrocytes are directly involved in regulating communication between neuro...ic manipulations to glial cells in live mice, thus directly demonstrating how astrocytes function in the brain. The mice were engineered to produce a protein ca...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...wn that autistic individuals tend to avoid looking directly at faces. The research also counters previous published reports that the face-processing area at the back of the brain is under-responsive in people with autism, and it suggests that specific behavioral interventions may help people with autism impro...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...ur in greater concentrations in cells that respond directly to light, such as in root tips and new shoots. The phytochrome revealed by the Wisconsin team was derived from a microbe known as Deinococcus radiodurans, a bacterium renowned for its tolerance to ionizing radiation. It was only within the last eigh...

Blocking the nerve receptor EP1 in mouse models reduces brain damage caused by stroke

... on nerve cells. Therefore, blocking PGE2 activity directly rather than inhibiting COX-2 could reduce brain damage in individuals who have a stroke while avoiding the side effects of COX-2 inhibitors, the Hopkins investigators say. Previous work by others had shown that certain events, such as cerebral ische...

Novel protein complex enables survival in hostile environment

...aeon is an important discovery. It may prove to be directly relevant to the anaerobic oxidation of methane with sulfate, a process in which archaea closely related to methanogenic archaea are intimately involved." ...

Scientists use stem cells to grow cartilage

...e as five years before this advance can be used to directly benefit patients for a huge variety of illnesses and injuries." The team included Professor Dame Julia Polak, Head of the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Imperial College London, as well as Mr Neil Tolley, ENT Dept, St Mary's Ho...

Cells from amniotic fluid used to tissue-engineer a new trachea

...nchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells descend directly from embryonic stem cells and are abundant in the amniotic fluid. They specialize in making connective tissues, including muscle, bone, cartilage, fat and tendon. Fauza's team multiplied the amniotic mesenchymal cells in culture, then "seeded" them ...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...or how exposure to plant resistance mechanisms can directly drive the evolution of new virulent forms of a bacterial pathogen. ...

New understanding of regeneration gained by Forsyth scientists

... have found that gap-junction (microscopic tunnels directly linking neighboring cells) communication contributes to this signaling. This research, led by Dr. Michael Levin, underlies principles that can potentially offer insight into human regeneration. The restoration of body structures following injury req...

How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis infect the lung?

...urface of the lung cells, because this is the part directly involved in the first contact with the Mycobacterium. As they report now in the international open-access medical journal PLoS Medicine, they studied 74 individuals, 40 of whom had TB, 25 had other inflammatory lung diseases, and 9 had neither active...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...ge over some currently used arthritis drugs, which directly block TNF-alpha by binding to both TNFRs and thereby inhibit beneficial actions mediated by TNFR-2. The scientists next aim to develop a more stable form of P60 PLAD. Ultimately, they hope to test the protein in clinical trials. The research was al...

Penicillin, amoxicillin: Step aside for strep throat treatment

...finishes all the medications. The good intentions directly lead to children becoming sick on and off for weeks or months, as the strep germ isn't quite killed off but instead lingers in the child's body. The children also become vulnerable to much more severe infections that will demand the use of even stron...

Sangamo BioSciences demonstrates its ZFP treatment protects cells from HIV infection

...ify the CCR5 gene specifically in T-cells and thus directly block the expression of the protein on the surface of these cells may have several advantages over the systemic effects of other drugs in development." Small molecule or antibody approaches require the constant presence of antagonist in high enough ...

Algal protein in worm neurons allows remote control of behavior by light

...cal signals, ChR2 and its relatives are controlled directly by certain wavelengths of light, making them ideal for remote control in the laboratory. In their experiments, the researchers took advantage of the light sensitivity of the algal channel protein by introducing expression of a modified form of ChR2 ...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...ggested that neurons of the vomeronasal system are directly connected with LHRH neurons, and thus carry the modulatory effect of pheromonal cues on LHRH release. But because classical tracing techniques could not specifically identify the connection of neuronal subsets, they ended up tracing the routes of gro...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...ons, the researchers were able to identify neurons directly connected to GnRH neurons. They also determined wh...ber only about eight hundred in mice, they connect directly with about fifty thousand other neurons. And these neurons are in brain areas involved in a wide arr...

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