Tag: "developmental" at biology news

Wisconsin scientists grow critical nerve cells

...ditions needed to steer the cells down the correct developmental pathway. "You need to teach the [embryonic stem ce...ies of complex overlapping changes may well be the developmental norm in higher vertebrates such as humans. "We cannot simply translate studies from animal to human...

Man and mouse share genome structures

...could be activating sets of HOX genes for specific developmental programs. This global activation may have implications for understanding mechanisms behind certain cancers, Bernstein believes. For example, proteins that place methyl groups on histones can, when mutated, cause leukemia. Bernstein hopes to apply th...

Newly-discovered class of genes determines ?and restricts ?stem cell fate

...dual role may represent a new general paradigm for developmental and stem-cell biology. "My idea is that this is a new family of genes--they can both determine the cell type, but also put the breaks on differentiation," says Epstein. "We have named them pangenes, after the Greek god Pan and Peter Pan, who were abl...

The transparent organism: EMBLEM and Carl Zeiss give labs a unique look at life

...iquid-filled chamber, allowing scientists to track developmental processes like the formation of eyes and the brain in embryonic fish or other model organisms. The presentation of SPIM at scientific conferences has generated a flood of requests for the instrument. "We were extremely pleased to have found Carl Ze...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

...earch in the department of molecular, cellular and developmental biology on the nematode round worms, C. elegans. He found that these worms require let-7 RNA for normal development to occur. Without it, cells do not stop dividing and fail to differentiate into the normal structures of the worm ?instead they make a...

A bacterial genome reveals new targets to combat infectious disease

...in. The nematode may require heme for synthesis of developmental hormones, so Wolbachia's heme pathway may be an inviting target for therapy against nematode infection. Since no new antifilarial has been developed in two decades, these results may quickly lead to new therapeutic strategies against these parasites....

Muscle-targeted gene therapy reverses rare muscular dystrophy in mice

...erl. "They are walking, living longer, and meeting developmental milestones." Despite the early success of enzyme replacement therapy for some children with Pompe disease, a need for gene therapy remains, he added. In gene therapy, a therapeutic gene is delivered to patient cells, often using a modified virus. G...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

...e, are constantly trying to migrate down different developmental pathways. Maintaining stock cultures in their undifferentiated state is critical. The feeder cell dogma now can be overturned, says lead investigator Ren-He Xu, a senior scientist at WiCell, a private, nonprofit research institute. "This work comple...

UCSD researchers maintain stem cells without contaminated animal feeder layers

...rentiation means the stem cells have not begun the developmental path to become specific human tissue or organs. "Our findings provide a new way to generate human stem cell lines without contamination by animal cells or products," said the study's senior author, Alberto Hayek, M.D., UCSD professor of pediatrics a...

Same mutation aided evolution in many fish species, Stanford study finds

...the armor," said David Kingsley, PhD, professor of developmental biology and lead author of the study. "Although the trait evolved many times all over the world, nature uses the same gene each time." Sticklebacks evolved from a relatively uniform marine population into today's broad spectrum of shapes and sizes w...

Papers of DNA Pioneer and Nobel Laureate Francis Crick Added to National Library of Medicine’s Profiles in Science Web Site

...cidation of the code by 1966. Crick then turned to developmental biology, the study of how genes control the growth and specialization of organs. In 1976, Crick moved to the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, where he took up neurobiology, his other long-standing scientific interest. H...

Scientists reveal molecular secrets of the malaria parasite

...e with the proteomes of boththe sexual stage and a developmental stage in the mosquito. Severalgenes were identified for which transcripts were detected in the sexualstage but with protein products specific to the mosquito stage,indicating delayed translation of transcripts from these genes.Hall says that gene-reg...

Scientists identify new model Of NK cell development

.... "Our next goal is to determine if there is some developmental continuum at work here, supporting the notion that CD56 bright cells are really just immature CD56 cells," he adds. "This study raises almost as many questions as it answers," says Caligiuri, "Finding these nursery sites of NK cells is just the firs...

New RNA polymerase discovered in plants

...her organisms from plants to humans have a host of developmental problems, from dwarfing in plants to tumor development in humans to certain death in mice. Pikaard thinks that Pol IV helps make siRNAs that then direct DNA methylation to sequences matching the siRNAs. The results were published in Cell online, Fe...

Unexpressed But Indispensable -- The DNA Sequences That Control Development

...ause its transparent embryo is ideal for observing developmental events. They injected individual CNEs into embryos..., in keeping with their presumed roles in distinct developmental processes. The discovery of these developmentally important sequences opens several avenues of new ...

UCSD team discovers specialized, rare heart stem cells in newborns

...en re-implanted into the patient. Furthermore, the developmental lineage marker which identifies undifferentiated cardiogenic precursors suggests the feasibility of isolating isl1+ cardiac progenitors from mouse and human embryonic stem cell systems during cardiogenesis." "We think that these cells normally play ...

Children's taste sensitivity and food choices influenced by taste gene

...ents," comments lead author Julie Mennella, PhD, a developmental psychobiologist. "The recent Nobel Prize award demonstrates the importance of the identification of genes coding for taste and olfactory receptors. We took advantage of this new knowledge to look at how variation in taste genes might relate to the ta...

Hirsute Or Hairless? Two Proteins May Spell The Difference

...ingle sheets of cells is a fundamental question in developmental biology. The dispensability of hair follicles make...nscription of a subset of genes, functions in many developmental processes requiring epithelial remodeling, the authors reasoned it might do the same in hair bud for...

Programmable cells: Engineer turns bacteria into living computers

...seful as a tool for other scientists, particularly developmental biologists who are trying to understand how the cells of an embryo arrange themselves into patterns that become the various body parts of a mature organism. In fruit fly embryos, for example, the first cells are thought to differentiate into the head...

Stem cells from brain transformed to produce insulin at Stanford

...D, PhD, the lead author and assistant professor of developmental biology at the Stanford University School of Medicine, said it could lead to new ways of transplanting insulin-producing cells into people with diabetes, eventually providing a cure for the disease. In past work, Kim and members of his lab enticed m...

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