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Tag: "determining" at biology news

Research advances quest for HIV-1 vaccine

... of the complex formed when 4E10 binds to gp41 and determining how interaction of 4E10 with gp41 influences the virus. X-ray crystallography was used to determine the structure of the complex formed by association of 4E10 with a peptide fragment that is identical to the section of gp41 that the antibody recogni...

Scientists seek answers on what activates deadly anthrax spores

...herapeutic agents to prevent anthrax. Interest in determining how to stop anthrax remains high, not only after the 2001 attacks through the mail that resulted in 18 cases and five deaths, but also after the recent scare at two military mailroom facilities when anthrax alarms went off. The group also would like...

Live Recombinant Adenovirus Vaccine Technique Explored

...s for many illnesses. Ongoing research is aimed at determining the effectiveness of recombinants in animals. Additional authors of “Viable adenovirus vaccine prototypes: High-level production of a papillomavirus capsid antigen from the major late transcriptional unit?include Michael Berg, Julie DiFatta and Egbe...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

... regulators of development, that control processes determining cell type and cell death. "The let-7 microRNA regulates Ras by binding to the message for Ras and likely inhibits translation of the Ras protein," said Slack. "The microRNA does not revert a mutated Ras to normal; instead it acts like a brake on an ...

Scientists develop new color-coded test for protein folding

...e developed is a simple and inexpensive sensor for determining when a protein changes its conformation," said study co-author Richard N. Zare, the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science in Stanford's Department of Chemistry. According to Zare, the new sensor may eventually provide biomedical resear...

Alcohol's effects on gene expression in the central nervous system

...d gene networks that may play an important role in determining the behavioral responses to alcohol as well as possibly influencing drinking behavior. "Thus far, genes that appear to be responsive to alcohol include genes involved in the intracellular signaling process (which can alter how the neuron functions),...

The Shapes Of Life: NIGMS Project Yields More Than 1,000 Protein Structures

...ture Initiative (PSI), a national program aimed at determining the three-dimensional shapes of a wide range of proteins, has now determined more than 1,000 different structures. These structures will shed light on how proteins function in many life processes and could lead to targets for the development of new m...

Scientists identify new model Of NK cell development

...al Immunity, may offer clinicians new direction in determining how to manipulate this cell type in enhancing immune responses to cancer. "This study is fundamentally about understanding the immune system more fully so we can help patients," says Caligiuri. A major arm of the body's defense system is made up of...

VCU Researchers Identify Networks Of Genes Responding To Alcohol In The Brain

...genes regulated by alcohol that may play a role in determining genetic differences in behavioral responses to alcohol. "These findings help us to better understand the molecular basis for genetic differences in behavioral response to alcohol and may eventually lead to new therapeutic approaches for alcoholism,"...

Children's taste sensitivity and food choices influenced by taste gene

...to look at how experience and genetics interact in determining why we like the foods we do." Monell researcher M. Yanina Pepino also contributed to the study. ...

Norovirus, AIDS vaccine and Hepatitis Virus

...t travel destinations playing an important role in determining infection frequency. "This study is the first of its kind to indicate that NoVs may be a major cause of illness among United States travelers who experience TD during extended stays in developing countries," say the researchers. The high frequency o...

Alaskan puzzles, monitoring provide insight about North Pacific salmon runs

...tors affecting salmon in the Northeast Pacific and determining such things as how much habitat -- parts of streams or entire watersheds -- is needed to sustain salmon. Puzzles include Alaska's Kvichak River, the world's most important salmon-producing river. It has had runs of more than 50 million sockeye salmo...

Fibril Shape Is The Basis Of Prion Strains And Cross-species Prion Infection

...particular shape of a prion amyloid fibril was the determining factor in whether one species of yeast could infect another yeast species. Just as in the case with the preseeded mice fibrils, a particular fibril shape in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast allowed prion transmission to Candida albicans yeast. The tra...

New Drugs For Bad Bugs: UF Approach Could Bolster Antibiotic Arsenal

...tions and also will seek to develop better ways of determining how frequently and at what dose a drug should be given to minimize the development of resistance. They recently collaborated, for example, with NASA to analyze blood and tissue concentrations of an antibiotic in people living for a few days in a simu...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...sue of Cancer Cell, has important implications for determining the prognosis of some human cancers, and may prove to be a suitable target for cancer therapy. The phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase signaling pathway regulates cell growth and survival, and is inhibited by activity of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Resear...

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...evelopmental stages, may be much more important in determining who develops cancer as an adult." The researchers used a special strain of rats with a defect in a gene called Tsc-2 (tuberous sclerosis complex 2) that made them more susceptible to uterine leiomyomas, benign tumors that are common in women over 30...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

... neurons play such a key role in regulating sleep, determining how they are connected to other neurons in the bra...has been relatively easy, Dr. Yanagisawa said, but determining which neurons send signals to orexin neurons has been a challenge. A brain-mapping technique develop...

Infants With Rare Genetic Disease Saved by Cord Blood Stem Cells

... severity at the time of transplant are crucial to determining outcome, the source of stem cells is also important, said Kurtzberg. Cord blood appears to provide a better and faster correction of enzyme deficiencies than does adult bone marrow, she said. Stem cells from cord blood travel to the brain more rapid...

New understanding of DNA repair may pave way to cancer treatments

...omes permanent." Ronai and his colleagues are now determining how molecules like ATF2 can balance their dual roles. "High doses of radiation, as well as changes that take place in cancer and pathologic situations, can activate both functions of ATF2, which is expected to disturb the otherwise conserved balance ...

Edible bivalves as a source of human pathogens: signals between vibrios and the bivalve host.

...he identification of factors that are important in determining the fate of vibrios within the bivalve host, such as bacterial surface ligands, soluble hemolymph components and the ability of bacteria to affect distinct signaling pathways responsible for the hemocyte immune response. Laura Canesi, from the Unive...

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