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Tag: "detects" at biology news

New insight into machinery of immune cells' 'tentacles'

...oteins in invading microbes that the immune system detects to trigger a counterattack. The researchers said their findings of the machinery of formation of such "actin filaments" could offer targets for drugs to induce the immune system to work more effectively to fight infection; or to damp its stimulation...

Researchers develop portable 'vein finder' for faster, more accurate injections

... (which carry blood to the heart). Once the device detects a vein, an alarm is triggered, and medics insert the needle. The vein finder has proved highly effective in initial tests on phantom tissue, a model that simulates human tissue and blood vessels. Researchers have now begun adapting the device for h...

Rochester scientists develop fast-working biosensor

...rated a new technology that accurately and rapidly detects the meat-spoiling and sometimes dangerous E. coli bacteria. The unique technology uses a protein from the suspect bacteria as part of the sensing system that also includes a silicon chip and a digital camera. The journal Biosensors and Bioelectroni...

Portable cocaine sensor developed at UC Santa Barbara

...he smell from dogs." At this point the new sensor detects cocaine in the blood or saliva to a degree of a few micromolars. This is equivalent to the concentration of cocaine that would result from dropping a kilogram of cocaine into an olympic-sized swimming pool. That concentration would be the equivalent ...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

... -- the transcription-coupled repair (TCR) process detects the obstruction and repairs the damage. But when TCR itself fails, the results can be lethal to cells and to the organism. In humans, failure of transcription-coupled repair is the cause of Cockayne Syndrome, an extreme form of accelerated aging that...

War on terror meets war on cancer

...amples were analyzed in a mass spectrometer, which detects the atomic weights of isotopes of oxygen within the water. The result: The ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 was different in water from inside and outside the bacteria. The extent of that difference allowed the scientists to determine that 30 percent...

Logging doubles threat to the Amazon, rivaling clear-cutting, study suggests

...Carnegie Institution of Washington and colleagues, detects deforestation on a finer scale, allowing researchers to identify areas where trees have been thinned, due mostly to "selective logging." In this type of deforestation, only certain marketable tree species are cut and logs are transported offsite to s...

UT Southwestern researchers develop screening test for cells that activate immune system

... useful in identifying biothreat agents because it detects infectious pathogens with high sensitivity. Dr. Takashima said he hopes to garner additional funding to discover potent immuno-stimulatory drugs by screening high-quality libraries of compounds. Doing so may be the first step toward developing a ...

New technology shows our ancestors ate…everything!

...t's a huge step to have a reliable technology that detects subtler diet variations." A team of scientists from the University of Arkansas and Worcester Polytechnic Institute developed the software, called "scale-sensitive fractal analysis," to analyze fossilized tooth surfaces through a confocal microscope,...

How fish hear and make sounds at same time

...ses the sacculus, a part of the ear that in humans detects acceleration or linear movement. Because the study indicates a relationship between the ear and the auditory and vocalization systems of the brain, it could help scientists understand some of the mechanisms that contribute to deafness. "We've studi...

Genomics researchers discover protein deficit that causes drug toxicity

...g happens, the quality-control process in the cell detects the misfolded proteins and tags them for immediate destruction or quarantines them in a "cellular trash can" known as an aggresome (last syllable rhymes with "foam"). Whether destroyed or aggregated into the aggresome, the effect is the same: the pat...

Study uncovers dirty little secret: Soil emissions are much-bigger-than-expected component of air pollution

... and begin processing nitrogen. The satellite then detects a sudden pulse of nitrogen oxides, Jaeglé said. Similarly, emissions in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere spike during the growing season, spurred by warmer temperatures after a cold winter, but also perhaps magnified by fertilizer use. "...

Virologist finds contagious equine flu in dogs

...PCR (polymerase chain reaction) that amplifies and detects small amounts of DNA or RNA in a blood or tissue sample -- ruled out avian flu strains H5 and H7. The isolate was then sent to the CDC where Ruben Donis, Cornell Ph.D. '87, one of Dubovi's former graduate students and currently chief of molecular g...

New defibrillator signals doctor of patient's irregular heartbeat or device malfunction

... shocks the heart back into a healthy rhythm if it detects an abnormal heartbeat. Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) is a major cause of death following heart attacks. Studies have shown mortality is lower in ICD-treated patients. "The new ICD provides faster delivery of care to patients and also re...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...nce, the researchers show how this lethal organism detects interferon-gamma, a chemical messenger the immune ... serves an early warning system. Once Pseudomonas detects the first signs of a brewing immune response, they also begin to prepare for battle, gathering infor...

Survey reveals women and doctors aren't talking about HPV

...t have become abnormal due to HPV, and HPV testing detects the presence of the virus itself. The FDA has approved routine HPV testing in women age 30 and older - the group most likely to have persistent infections and most at risk of cervical cancer. In addition, vaccines are in development and are designed ...

Function of new cancer genes discovered

...nked to a second protein, ubiquitin, when the cell detects that DNA damage has occurred. Nijman identified a third protein, USP1, which detaches the FANCD2 from the ubiquitin. USP1 therefore plays a role in the repair of DNA damage and possibly in the development of cancer. ...

Analysis Of Human Genome To Predict The Development Of Illnesses

...es and proteins are registered, this analysis tool detects anomalous behaviour of these molecules that could give rise to an illness and presents all this graphically as a map and thus, the doctor can anticipate the development of the illness. If the ailment has already initiated, this system enables a visua...

Fox Chase study shows that weakened T-cell receptor signals change T-cell lineage

...ly. "Immune surveillance, the body mechanism that detects potential cancers and destroys them before their presence is evident to us, may be one function of the delta-gamma lineage, since gamma-delta T cells appear to be particularly adept at combating skin cancers," Wiest added. ...

Secret of smallpox's success may lead to bioterror cure

...using devastating disease before the immune system detects it and attempts to mount a counter-attack. Jacobs notes that there have been clues to this property of the virus present in historical results from using vaccinia, or cowpox, to immunize against smallpox. In most people, exposure to vaccinia general...

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