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Tag: "designed" at biology news

Biodiesel study targets cleaner air, cleaner engines

...ing biodiesel in agriculture. "This project was designed to accelerate the adoption of biodiesel use on Ontario farms through a series of on-farm evaluations," said Deanna Deaville, Special Project Coordinator with the Ontario Soil and Crop Improvement Association (OSCIA), which is administering the projec...

Sandia researchers take new approach to studying how cells respond to pathogens

...ctly isolated from human patients. Our approach is designed to be flexible enough to handle many different cell types, and it also minimizes the number of cells needed for analysis, so it should enable us to do some unique studies on rare cell types." Proteins in the cells of interest are tagged with fluor...

30+ AIDS vaccine clinical trials in 24 countries, research occurring on every continent

...last year were either Phase I or Phase I/II trials designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the candidate vaccines. "Although these new trials are early-stage, they will provide critical information over the coming years that will help drive the field's R&D agenda. We hope to begin to see eve...

Using nanomagnets to enhance medical imaging

...ntrol. By comparison, molecular nanomagnets can be designed to have consistent properties and high contrast. In addition, they might be modified to act as "smart" materials whose contrast could be turned on only when bonded to a target molecule or cell. Toxicity is not believed to be an issue, because iron is...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...at hormone known as leptin. Therapeutic strategies designed to inhibit SOCS-3 may therefore bypass leptin resistance in obese animals to restore energy balance, according to the researchers. In most adults, body weight is relatively constant despite large variations in daily food intake and energy expendit...

Researchers design pulsed mircrojet system to deliver protein drugs without pain or bruising

...aGent Life Sciences, of Los Gatos, California, has designed a novel pulsed microjet system engineered to deliv...CSB and a lead author of the paper. The system was designed as an alternative to the macro-scale systems that had been causing pain and bruising. "We realized t...

Need oxygen? Cells know how to spend and save

... can damage or destroy cells. The mitochondria are designed to produce energy without excess free radical production at normal oxygen levels. Semenza's team noticed that one particular component of the COX protein complex, COX4, comes in two different forms, COX4-1 and COX4-2. Under normal oxygen conditi...

Veterinary scientists explore poultry virus as cancer killer

...everse genetics system, recombinant viruses can be designed to have specific properties that make them attractive as biotechnological tools, live vaccines, and cancer therapeutics. This is achieved through the introduction of the desired changes in the cDNA, which are then transferred faithfully to the recomb...

New player in commitment to life as a fat cell

... might therefore offer a novel antiobesity therapy designed to fight fat before it even forms, the researchers... "To our knowledge, there have not been studies designed to explore the effects of XOR inhibitors on body weight, and in light of our findings, such studies ...

Woven scaffolds could improve cartilage repair

...nt in the Orthopedic Bioengineering Laboratory who designed and built the weaving machine. "The first joints to be treated this way would likely be hips and shoulders, though the approach should work for cartilage damage in any joint." The researchers reported the new technology in the February 2007 issue ...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

...he instruments used on whales, the squid tags were designed to detach at a predetermined time, then float to the surface and transmit stored data to the satellite. Results During the study, electronic tags were placed on five whales and three jumbo squid swimming nearby. Analysis of the tagging data s...

'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type

... The findings could ultimately lead to novel drugs designed to change the composition of muscle, the researchers said. Such treatments might have the potential to boost physical strength and endurance in patients with a variety of muscle wasting conditions. The research team, led by Bruce Spiegelman of Har...

Bypassing eggs, flu vaccine grown in insect cells shows promise

... vaccine. Each of the “real?shots included vaccine designed to protect against the three strains of flu that had been predicted to be the greatest threat during the 2004-2005 winter, when the study was conducted. As the scientists expected, both the smaller dose and the larger dose caused an immune reactio...

Scientists learn the origin of rogue B cells

...mmune system turns against parts of the body it is designed to protect, leading to autoimmune disease. Now, re...aulty self-reactive one that the good receptor was designed to replace. This means that the aberrant B cells have escaped the body's mechanism to correct them. ...

Imaging techniques permit scientists to follow a day -- or four -- in the life of a cell

... of an enclosed microscope chamber. This device is designed to optimize the culture environment for cells--allowing them to grow as they would normally--while optimizing the conditions for viewing them by microscopy. This enables researchers to monitor the cells under a microscope for long time periods (in ex...

NIAID DNA vaccine for H5N1 avian influenza enters human trial

The first human trial of a DNA vaccine designed to prevent H5N1 avian influenza infection began on...tious Diseases (NIAID), one of the NIH Institutes, designed the vaccine. The vaccine does not contain any infectious material from the influenza virus. Unlike...

How trees manage water in arid environments

...3a193bd , she reports the first results of a study designed to characterize the surface exchanges of water and carbon dioxide in a forest in the Santa Catalina Mountains near Tucson, Ariz. Mountain forests are an important source of water for the rest of such semi-arid regions, and these forests provide relat...

Hybrid molecule causes cancer cells to self-destruct

...ts. In some of the less successful experiments, designed to avoid toxic side effects, researchers used innocuous sugar molecules such as glucose to carry butyrate into the cells. The Johns Hopkins team tried a different tack. "We didn't think they chose the right partner molecule," said Kevin J. Yarema, an...

Are one-third of costly implanted heart devices unnecessary? New study suggests yes

...ioverter defibrillators, the expensive devices are designed to shock damaged hearts back into rhythm and save patients from sudden cardiac death, which kills 300,000 Americans each year. But a new study finds that while many of these patients will benefit from their ICDs, a large number won't -- and a simple...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

...here are different kinds," McBride says. "They are designed to help the organism move over a variety of surfaces, like an all-terrain vehicle." Besides providing movement, McBride says the filaments also may be needed to move the cellulose and chitin molecules to certain sites where they can be digested or ...

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