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Tag: "design" at biology news

Worms know bad food when they smell it

... Bargmann's lab, used her engineering expertise to design a more complex maze for the worms to navigate through, allowing them to choose from several varieties of bacteria. "Now we could do things like compare the good bacteria they know and the bad bacteria they know to two completely unfamiliar bacteria t...

Researchers develop new method to help find deadly malaria parasite's Achilles heel

...e another as part of a new approach to help in the design of drugs that disrupt proteins in pathogens while sparing patients from side-effects. The malaria parasite has a four-stage life cycle, and the Fields group analyzed only the proteins expressed in the phase that infects human red blood cells, an inf...

The reason why antiviral therapy can't annihilate HIV infection, and what to do about it

...lease may also occur. The study could impact the design of future therapies aimed at eradicating HIV in patients who have received effective antiviral therapy for extended periods of time. Considering that reactivation of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells contributes to the persistence of HIV and in...

Targeted drug delivery achieved with nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates

...amers for targeting could be preserved. Additional design criteria consisted of the development of nanoparticles that demonstrated a long circulating half-life (meaning that they are not readily cleared by the body's immune system) and nanoparticles that exhibited a strong preferential binding to targeted c...

Researchers use 'trickery' to create immune response against melanoma

...amers for targeting could be preserved. Additional design criteria consisted of the development of nanoparticles that demonstrated a long circulating half-life (meaning that they are not readily cleared by the body's immune system) and nanoparticles that exhibited a strong preferential binding to targeted c...

Bees solve complex colour puzzles

...ional Academy of Sciences, may one day lead to the design of autonomous robotic systems. In the UCL study, scientists from the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology trained bumblebees to find artificial flowers of a particular colour using a nectar reward. They then tested the bees' ability to find the same flowe...

'Dating agency' boosts hunt for disease genes

...t a disease. Then, they can 'date' a collaborator, design an experiment together and make an online wish list of patients' DNAs that they need." The DNA Network provides web access by registered researchers to detailed summaries of data on patients whose anonymity is assured. The researchers hone their hy...

Engineers discover why toucan beaks are models of lightweight strength

...ers said the avian bio-composite could inspire the design of ultra-light aircraft and vehicle components with synthetic foams made with metals and polymers. "The big surprise was our finding that the beak's sandwich structure also behaves as a high energy impact-absorption system," said Meyers. "Panels th...

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

...w the toxins function, the better we'll be able to design effective co-operative or "adjunctive" therapies." ...

Web model of influenza-host lifecycles will aid scientists in creating anti-viral drugs

... with its host is really critical for the rational design of anti-viral drugs and new vaccines," said Dr. Richard Scheuermann, professor of pathology at UT Southwestern. Reactome, online at www.reactome.com, was created in 2004 and includes a variety of biochemical pathways for processes such as cell deat...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...over again in various forms of cancer will help us design new and better interventions," says Croce. MiRNAs can behave like oncogenes, which promote tumor growth, or tumor suppressors, which keep potentially malignant cells in check. Croce points out that miRNA activity is tissue-sensitive, meaning some m...

Source of crucial immune cell in the skin discovered

...ng efforts to engineer immune responses in vaccine design and tumor immunotherapy and to a better understanding of the immune response against skin pathogens." "Now that we know which cells are the precursors to Langerhans cells and the importance of Csf-1, we may be able to enhance tumor vaccines by incre...

Pair of studies offer new clues to combat antibiotic resistance

...sitive bacterial membrane is formed and aid in the design of new antibiotics to block its formation, says Walker. Her lab will soon begin screening for compounds that can block this important chemical pathway, she says. Gram-positive bacteria include anthrax and other strains that cause upper respiratory i...

H5N1 avian flu virus vaccine induces immune responses in healthy adults

...eers into the trial according to the same protocol design as in stage one. The NEJM article describes an analysis of data on the safety and immune responses to the vaccine. In general, the higher the dosage of vaccine, the greater the antibody response produced. Of the 99 people evaluated in the 90-mcg, ...

Intelligently designed molecular evolution

...volution to promiscuous enzymes would enable us to design enzymes with greater specificity and higher activi...hers have not yet reached the point where they can design a promiscuous enzyme to make any kind of product they want, even one that does not occur in nature, ...

Carnegie Mellon scientists show brain uses optimal code for sound

...ur discovered coding, then we could quite possibly design implants that would convey sounds to the brain that are much more intelligible," he said. ...

UW scientists unravel critical genetic puzzle for flu virus replication

... is important because it presents opportunities to design new antiviral drugs and harness flu viruses for speedier, more efficient vaccine production. The work is especially critical as the biomedical community and governments worldwide develop strategies to cope with the prospect of an avian influenza pand...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

..., issue of Neuron, could have implications for the design of improved pain therapies. In their experiments...oxious stimuli has intriguing implications for the design of more effective pain therapies," they wrote. ...

New drug could reduce tissue damage after heart attack

...e structure and properties of CRP, we were able to design the CRP inhibitor. "We now propose to develop a CRP inhibitor as rapidly as possible for testing in patients with heart attacks. "The drug would be given as soon as patients arrived in hospital. If effective, it would reduce the amount of damage i...

'Bad' enzymes may wear white hats after stroke

...eceive an MMP inhibitor. While current efforts to design MMP-targeted drugs aim to inhibit the enzymes completely after a stroke, the researchers caution that, based on their findings, it may be necessary to regulate the activity of MMPs much more precisely to enable the patient's optimal recovery. Duri...

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