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Tag: "described" at biology news

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...s the highest correlation with the immune response described until now. Obtained information will be very useful in the long road to a more rational vaccine development. This and similar studies should push us toward more personalised medicine, where the most suitable drugs for each individual would be deter...

Discovery in orange cauliflower may lead to more nutritious crops

...rnell plant geneticist Li Li and colleagues -- and described in the December issue of The Plant Cell -- allows the vegetable to hold more beta-carotene, which causes the orange color and is a precursor to the essential nutrient vitamin A. While cauliflower and many staple crops have the ability to synthesize b...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

... appears online in the Biophysical Journal and was described in the May 25 edition of Science. Transporting large molecules, such as vitamin B12, citric acid or other vital nutrients across the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria is not a simple task. The cells must be selective in what substances the...

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

...e, called fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), are described for the first time in a study appearing online today in Cell Metabolism. FGF21, triggered in starving mice by a specific cellular receptor that controls the use of fat as energy, spurs a metabolic shift to burning stored fats instead of carbohyd...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...rugs that could once destroy it. They have already described and expressed two other genes known to confer drug...nvestigators at the National Institutes of Health, described in 2000 that the PfCRT gene is primarily responsible for the vast majority of drug resistance that l...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

... Like trench fever, cat scratch disease had been described in the early 1900s, but no one knew what bacterium caused cat scratch disease until the infection was seen in the AIDS patients. This identification was published in “The New England Journal of Medicine” in 1997. Koehler’s research group found th...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...ped into successful drugs for humans, Hotamisligil described the animal results as a long-sought success after ...l." The result was the drug known as BMS309403, described in the Nature article as a "rationally designed, potent, and selective inhibitor of aP2" that blocks...

Undergraduate research shows leaderless honeybee organizing

...er. This interaction is a behavior that nobody had described before,” Schneider said. Contrary to the popular conception of a colony controlled by instructions from its breeding queen mother, the research shows a picture of the queen as a passive egg layer whose own behavior is programmed, with changes dict...

Study shows lizard moms dress their children for success

...ious studies by Sinervo and his collaborators have described three different behavioral strategies that correlate with throat color in side-blotched lizards. Orange-throated males are highly aggressive and usurp territory from other lizards; yellow-throated males sneak into the territories of other males to ma...

Turn-ons and turn-offs for neurons

...ult nervous system. In the early 1990s, scientists described a tetracycline-controlled gene expression systems (Tet systems), which allow the regulation of gene expression by externally applied substances. The Tet-regulated gene expression can be used to analyze involvement of genes for example in cognition in...

Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain

... as “angry” and “fearful,” and chose which emotion described the face, or they saw two names, such as “Harry” and “Sally,” and chose the gender-appropriate name that matched the face. Lieberman and his co-authors — UCLA assistant professor of psychology Naomi Eisenberger, former UCLA psychology undergradua...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

... There are several types of C. botulinum: although described as variants of a single species, they are really very different organisms linked simply because they have the deadly toxin. For each type, there is also a near-identical but harmless relative that lacks the toxin. C. sporogenes is the non-malignant, ...

Treating HIV in war zones -- Public health emergencies need rapid advice from WHO

... Organization (WHO) has developed a new mechanism, described in this week's PLoS Medicine, for issuing urgent guidelines to health professionals in a public health emergency such as an infectious disease outbreak. The first rapidly issued guideline was developed by the WHO in order to advise countries that...

Scientists discover 5 new species of sea slugs from the Tropical Eastern Pacific

...nd one still to be classified) that are completely described in the publication follows: Cerberilla chavezi sp. Was collected from the Bahia de Santiago, Colima in Mexico and is named for Roberto Chavez, who provided assistance during fieldwork and suggested dive sites. Cuthona destinyae came out of hu...

Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage

...s of the brain are short of oxygen. In the work described in Nature Neuroscience, Nedergaard studied a phenomenon known as cortical spreading depression, or CSD. The process is now considered by many scientists as the basis for some migraines, particularly those involving an aura. CSD is an electrical event...

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

..., and detected a 'quantum beating." The effect, described in the April 12, 2007 issue of Nature, occurs when light-induced excitations in the complex meet and interfere constructively ­ much like the interactions that occur between the ripples formed by throwing stones into a pond. The collaboration is ...

Magnetic computer sensors may help study biomolecules

... of Standards and Technology (NIST) suggest. As described in a recent paper,* NIST researchers found that arrays of switches called "spin valves"—commonly used as magnetic sensors in the read heads of high-density disk drives—also show promise as tools for controlled trapping of single biomolecules. The arr...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...fold and see the shapes of intermediate steps. As described in this week's online issue of the Proceedings of ... an automated version of the 2-D IR technique. As described in the current study, they obtained a single structural scan of hIAPP in less than a second - more t...

Genome of yellow fever/dengue fever mosquito sequenced

... TE team, lead by the Tu laboratory, uncovered and described more than 1,000 transposable elements, which occupy approximately 50 percent of the entire Ae. aegypti genome. For example, a transposable element named Feilai has more than 50,000 copies interspersed in the genome. By comparison, Anopheles gambiae, ...

Peanut allergies overstated, study finds

...and specificity," the paper concludes. "Previously described diagnostic cut-off levels do not have general applicability." Reasons for this may include variables such as the equipment used and the pressure administered by the practitioner during a skin prick test. "There is a population of children who h...

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