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Tag: "degeneration" at biology news

Scientists detect probable genetic cause of some Parkinson's disease cases

...ogressive neurologicdisorder that is caused by the degeneration of nerve cells in theportion of the brain that controls movement. Scientists have longsuspected genetics plays a role in the onset of the disease. In thesestudies, the investigators found that a mutation in the gene LRRK2appears to occur in at least ...

Emory Eye Center Implants Its First Retinal Chips In Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa

... that is hereditary and causes progressive retinal degeneration in both eyes. It is a general term for a number of diseases that predominantly affect the photoreceptor layer or "light sensing" cells of the retina. Night blindness develops, usually in childhood, followed by loss of peripheral visual field, progres...

Muscle-targeted gene therapy reverses rare muscular dystrophy in mice

...hich are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles which control movement. The Muscular Dystrophy Association and Genzyme Corporation supported the research. Several forms of Pompe disease affect more than 5,000 people in the U.S. If symptoms appear during infancy, the disea...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...s. An RNAi-based treatment for age-related macular degeneration is already in clinical trials." Ruvkun is a professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School. RNAi was originally identified in the C. elegans roundworm and the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, both of which are common model organisms for biolog...

Gene Therapy For Parkinson's Disease Moves Forward In Animals

...ular combination of proteins prevent or accelerate degeneration of the neurons?'?said Nicholas Muzyczka, Ph.D., an eminent scholar and professor of molecular genetics and microbiology at UF's College of Medicine who participated in the research. “For some time Dr. Mandel has been working on the idea of introducin...

Deficiency of growth hormone and IGF-1 reduces cancer and kidney disease, but creates other problems

...sease late in life, but also may lead to cartilage degeneration and impaired memory and learning ability, accordin...e function." The group also found that "cartilage degeneration that normally accompanies aging is accelerated by the absence of growth hormone." The researchers c...

Gene therapy for Parkinson's disease moves forward in animals

...ular combination of proteins prevent or accelerate degeneration of the neurons?'" said Nicholas Muzyczka, Ph.D., an eminent scholar and professor of molecular genetics and microbiology at UF's College of Medicine who participated in the research. "For some time Dr. Mandel has been working on the idea of introduci...

Ophthalmologists Use Artificial Silicon Retina Microchip To Treat Vision Loss

...d for people with retinal diseases such as macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, which cause blindness and vision impairment in about 10 million Americans. More than one million of these people are legally blind. "As is commonly seen in with retinitis pigmentosa, these patients all have severe narrowing...

Ophthalmologists implant five patients with artificial silicon retina microchip

...d for people with retinal diseases such as macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, which cause blindness and vision impairment in about 10 million Americans. More than one million of these people are legally blind. "As is commonly seen in with retinitis pigmentosa, these patients all have severe narrowing...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...s. An RNAi-based treatment for age-related macular degeneration is already in clinical trials." Ruvkun is a professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School. RNAi was originally identified in the C. elegans roundworm and the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, both of which are common model organisms for biolog...

One hit of crystal meth causes birth defects

...s Wells. "In adults, you can see actual structural degeneration of the brain." U of T doctoral candidates Winnie Jeng and Andrea Wong and undergraduate Ryan Ting-A-Kee were also involved in this study. The research was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). The doctoral cand...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in older adults,...a genetic link between rhesus monkeys with macular degeneration and humans could unlock secrets about the earliest stages of the disease, when severe vision loss co...

Purdue scientists may have found key to halting spinal cord damage

...w-developing, seemingly untreatable condition: the degeneration of the spinal cord after initial traumatic injury. "Unlike most other parts of the body, spinal cord tissue does not heal after injury," Shi said. "After the initial shock, it actually gets worse. Science has long been aware that some chemicals the ...

New insights into how Huntington's disease attacks the brain

...ted problems with motor control and showed visible degeneration of the target brain cells. In contrast, the second set of mice showed little signs of the disease. "This is the first direct genetic evidence to demonstrate that abnormal interactions between cells can significantly contribute to brain cell death in...

A protein in the eye may prevent immune response and protect eyes from disease

...herapies for blinding eye diseases such as macular degeneration and autoimmune diseases that occur when the immune system goes awry," says Joan Stein-Sreilein, PhD, senior author of the study published in the May issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine and senior scientist at The Schepens Eye Research Insti...

Pinpointing the cause of a neurodegenerative disorder

... with polyglutamine repeat disorders suffer severe degeneration in particular groups of neurons that vary depending on the type of disease. In SCA1, for example, the buildup of Ataxin-1 damages the cerebellar Purkinje cells. As a result of the damage, people with SCA1 lose balance and motor coordination. Loss of ...

U of MN researchers reverse memory loss in mice

...reverse memory loss in mice with significant brain degeneration for the first time, a breakthrough that offers hope to the estimated 4 million people living with Alzheimer's disease. Researchers first manipulated the genetic makeup of the mice so they developed dementia; the mice experienced memory loss that wor...

Muscle repair: Making a good system better, faster; implications for aging, disease

...es, muscle repair processes can't keep up with the degeneration caused by the disease. The plasminogen system may represent a therapeutic target for improving muscle function in these instances. * The plasminogen system likely has multiple roles in muscle repair. Understanding how the plasminogen system work...

Amphetamines reverse Parkinson's disease symptoms in mice

...sure and mood. Parkinson's disease stems from the degeneration of neurons in a brain region that controls movement. That degeneration, in turn, leads to a shortage of the chemical messenger dopamine. The finding that amphetamines can alter movement independently of dopamine opens up new directions in the search ...

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

...fect the SCA13 gene. Ataxias are characterized by degeneration of nerve cells in the cerebellum, while the cell death of Alzheimer's disease takes place in the hippocampus of the temporal lobe and that of Parkinson's disease occurs in the substantia nigra of the brain stem. Pulst said the new findings on neuro...

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