defined 2 2

Tag: "defined" at biology news

Scientists unlock mystery of embryonic stem cell signaling pathway

...as well. “If we can create a totally chemically defined system for growing human embryonic stem cells without any risk of contamination, it would make life much easier for scientists than it is at the moment,?says Kahn. “And that’s our goal.?"Kahn's study provides us with striking new insights into the mo...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

...open on cue to make sure nerve cells only fire for defined periods of time.? In their studies of these channels, Li and his colleagues developed a new way of testing thousands of druglike molecules to find any that could turn the potassium switch on or off. Their approach involved chemically shaving off al...

HIV dementia alarmingly high in Africa

...published Jan. 29 in Neurology. HIV dementia is defined as memory, learning, behavioral and motor disabilities that interfere with normal daily life and in extreme cases lead to total disability and a bedridden state. Unlike Alzheimer’s- and stroke-induced dementia, HIV dementia is treatable and potential...

Molecular motors and brakes work together in cells

...s that the cell can make microtubule structures of defined lengths stable by coordinating the sliding of the motors and the slowing of the brakes." If microtubule-based structures are not formed properly because of failures in brakes or motors, such basic functions as cell division and cell transport can ...

Chronic pain up almost 40 percent among US workers in past decade

...fy appropriate treatment options." Chronic pain, defined in the survey as pain that lasts for at least six months, was more common in the workplace in 2006 than it was in 1996 (26 percent vs. 19 percent). Today, almost nine in 10 employees with chronic pain (89 percent) typically go to work rather than...

German researchers develop first non-invasive test to measure skin aging

...al Taiwan University in Taipei, and collaborators, defined the collagen/elastin factor and demonstrated that it gave results consistent with the results of existing lab techniques. In the new paper, researchers at Friedrich Schiller University, in Jena, Germany, at the Fraunhofer Institute of Biomedical Te...

Pheromone from mother's milk may rapidly promote learning in newborn mammals

...'s milk for survival, and they typically exhibit a defined sequence of actions when searching for milk. This searching behavior rapidly becomes increasingly directed, showing that mammalian newborns are efficient learners. Past studies of this very early learning in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus...

GlycoFi and Dartmouth report full humanization of yeast glycosylation pathway in Science

...ation times, and the ability to grow in chemically defined media, without risk of viral contamination from animal-derived ingredients. "Switching to this technology will also provide improvements in product uniformity and overall production economics," Dr. Gerngross said. He noted that the GlycoFi and Dart...

Key to acute lung injury lies in Ang2 protein

...ein was involved in HALI," said Bhandari. "We also defined how the protein creates lung injury and then we showed its clinical relevance by documenting its presence in human patients with acute lung injury." In addition to acute lung injury and pulmonary edema, Bhandari said, an increase in Ang2 and cell ...

Children of allergy sufferers prone to same problem

... 28.4 percent of infants born to "atopic" parents, defined as those with allergies, were sensitized to one or more airborne or food allergens. Eighteen percent were positive to one or more airborne allergens, and 13.7 percent were positive only to an airborne allergen. According to UC epidemiologist Grace ...

A natural chemical found in strawberries boosts memory in healthy mice

...er, "This is the first time that the function of a defined natural product has been characterized at the molecular level in the central nervous system and also shown to enhance both LTP in vitro and long-term memory in vivo." "The good news is that fisetin is readily available in strawberries but the bad n...

Perceived facial similarity in children is an estimate of kin recognition

...ptual judgment ('facial similarity') can be simply defined in evolutionary terms: judged facial similarity of children appears to be little more than a visual assessment of genetic relatedness," said Maloney. ...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...hods of growth. “Muscle growth in vertebrates is defined as being either determinate or indeterminate,?the authors wrote. “Animals such as mammals exhibit determinate growth, in which there is a finite size. In contrast, many fish species growth is indeterminate, in which there is no fixed size and some gr...

Development of gene therapy

...rom other therapeutic approaches. Gene therapy is defined as the introduction of genes into tissues or cells via gene transfer, with the purpose of deriving a therapeutic or preventative benefit from the function of these genes. Gene transfer is achieved using a vector ? a kind of vehicle that carries the g...

New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described

...evelop cancer as readily." Players in this newly defined pathway are: BCA3, which had no known function. NEDD8, a protein that can bind to other proteins and alter their function. SENP8, a protease (enzyme) that can break bonds between other molecules. SIRT1 NFkB (Nuclear Factor kappa B), a family o...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

...emselves. Adding motifs With the addition of defined amino acid fragments called active motifs, the scaffold can be fashioned to coax stem cells to behave in certain desirable ways-such as differentiating into needed body tissues or migrating toward bone marrow and other natural destinations. "What ...

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...lear counterparts in humans and can be linked to a defined neuronal circuitry, including a simple memory-forming network. "In the human brain there are a hundred billion neurons, each expressing at least 18,000 genes, and the level of expression of each gene is different," said Moroz, who is affiliated wi...

Inflammation markers identify fatigue in breast cancer survivors

... at the University of California, Los Angeles have defined conditions associated with disabling fatigue that ...he quality of life of these patients." Dr. Irwin defined the fatigue biomarker in collaboration with Alicia Collado-Hidalgo, Julienne E. Bower, Patricia A. G...

Gut reaction: Researchers define the colon's genome

For the first time, scientists have defined the collective genome of the human gut, or colon. Up to 100 trillion microbes, representing more than 1,000 species, make up a motley "microbiome" that allows humans to digest much of what we eat, including some vitamins, sugars, and fiber. In a st...

Results with newer bladeless LASIK equivalent to standard microkeratome LASIK

... light. LASIK involves creating a flap, removing a defined amount of corneal tissue by an excimer laser, and replacing the flap. In standard LASIK with a mechanical microkeratome, the flap is created by a blade; in bladeless LASIK, the newer type, the flap is created by a femtosecond laser. "At six months ...

1 2 3 4 5 6