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Tag: "define" at biology news

Newly identified biomarker detects and regulates spread of brain tumors

...of the disease and be able in the future to better define the disease, predict what kind of treatment to use and allow doctors to monitor how well the tumor responds to treatment. "Using proteomic analyses of the CSF of patients with brain tumors, we have identified for the first time that attractin lev...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

...rators in the Nov. 17 issue of the journal Science define for the first time the mechanisms by which the machine begins synthesis of RNA and then breaks free from its initial binding site to move along DNA to continue synthesizing RNA. The results establish that during transcription initiation the machin...

Brain regions do not communicate efficiently in adults with autism

...ential biological marker of autism and may help to define the phenotype, or major characteristics, of autism. UW colleagues think EEG techniques can be used on young children to help in the early detection of autism, which is critical in providing interventions for the disorder. Other members of the resea...

Mayo Clinic: Gene expression profiling not quite perfected in predicting lung cancer prognosis

...d in gene expression profiling should: Clearly define a study aim. The main focus in microarray studies should explore the molecular explanations for varied clinical outcomes given a group of patients with similar clinical and pathological characteristics. Lay out and compare alternative study designs...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...s they are dynamically changing," he said. "We can define the cell types by observing their splicing patterns." According to Garcia-Blanco, the cellular switch that is believed to guide the regulation of splicing is a protein called Fox. Both mesenchymal and epithelial cells produce Fox, but the protein is...

UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation

... or mutants to manipulate the system, they hope to define and map sites where known drugs work, and discover targets along the pathway for new drugs. "If you think of these pathways as interstate highways on a map, this study now enables us to see other back roads that lead to the destination," said Ginsbe...

Emotional control circuit of brain's fear response discovered

...on neuroscientists had not been previously able to define ?which turned on/off the amygdala's fear response. For example, if FEAR was shown across a happy face, the amygdala would light up and then the rACC would quickly turn it off when the happy face registers. But if the face is fearful, the rACC would ...

New technology used to construct the first map of structural variation in the human genome

...urately determine CNV copy number and to precisely define the boundaries of CNVs in the genome. Two papers published today in Genome Research present groundbreaking approaches to address these issues. One paper describes a new whole-genome tiling path microarray, which was constructed from the same DN...

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...llular structures that medical science has used to define B cells in humans to be present in fish B cells, which is why they are able to label them as B cells in the first place. "Here we have a clear picture of where one part of the immune system, primitive phagocytes, adapted over time to serve a more co...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...ference between them. I believe it will be easy to define the difference.? The study “Zebrafish and giant danio as models for muscle growth: Determinate versus indeterminate growth as determined by morphometric analysis,?was carried out by Biga and Frederick W. Goetz, both of the University of Wisconsin-M...

Bacterial protein shows promise in treating intestinal parasites

...ntestinal parasites. Studies are underway to fully define the spectrum of activity of Cry5B as part of its preclinical development as a human therapeutic."...

Combination therapy shows promising results in patients with advanced lung cancer

... a COX-2 inhibitor in lung cancer in an attempt to define an optimal biological dose. Larger trials of combination therapies utilizing this dose will now be required." The biology of an individual's tumor determines whether they will respond to Tarceva. Because researchers don't yet fully understand what b...

Researchers find protein that silences genes

...shington University professor of chemistry, helped define the precise locations of the acetyl groups that HDA6 can remove, down to which acetylated amino acids are involved. "The bottom line is that HDA6 has very broad specificity. It can remove the acetyl groups from multiple histones and from multiple ...

Patients to benefit from novel technology revolutionizing high-speed molecular imaging

...combination of radiopharmaceuticals can be used to define a specific disease signature leading to noninvasive biopsy," he detailed. The D-SPECT camera will provide "a potential breakthrough in organ-specific (heart) SPECT imaging," said George Zubal, SNM's Scientific Program Committee instrumentation and da...

Gut microbes' partnership helps body extract energy from food, store it as fat

...nsion of the human genome project ?one designed to define the microbial side of ourselves," Gordon says. "This project should help answer a number of fundamental questions, including: How different are our individual gut microbiomes? How are our gut microbiomes evolving as a function of changes in our diet,...

Scientists solve sour taste proteins

...er and sweet, is known, this is the first study to define how humans perceive sour taste, said team senior scientist Hiroaki Matsunami, Ph.D., an assistant professor of molecular genetics and microbiology. The identification of these proteins, called PKD1L3 and PKD2L1, could lead to ways to manipulate the...

First-ever genomic test predicts which lung cancer patients need chemotherapy to live

...meters are general, at best, and do not accurately define who should receive chemotherapy, Nevins said. "Instead of placing all patients with small tumors in the same early-stage category, as physicians currently would do, we can now assess their risk based on the tumor's genomic profile," Nevins said. "...

Study reveals how cells destroy faulty proteins in cystic fibrosis

...ogy at UNC School of Medicine. "Our research helps define the basic mechanism for CF and identify targets for the development of therapeutics designed to get CFTR into shape and allow it function normally in the lung," Cyr said. The results, published Aug. 11, 2006, in the journal Cell, point to severa...

Researchers seek to solve mystery of natural HIV control

...a from at least 1,000 such individuals in order to define the genetic factors associated with this extraordinary outcome," she adds. "This effort will only be possible with the collaboration of HIV researchers, providers, advocacy groups and most important the HIV-infected individuals that fall in this cat...

Breast stem cells have features similar to 'basal' tumors

...ogesterone and the marker 'Her2', since these help define the subtypes of breast cancer; and also guide curr...n 'basal cell' markers. These characteristics also define the basal subtype of breast cancer, which is more commonly seen in tumoursthat develop in women who ...

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