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Tag: "defend" at biology news

Plants give pests sock in the gut

A novel enzyme in corn helps the plants defend themselves from voracious caterpillars by disrupting the insects' ability to digest food, and ultimately killing them, according to researchers. The enzyme could be used in tandem with other biological pesticides such as the Bt toxin to prevent the p...

Pair of studies offer new clues to combat antibiotic resistance

...polysaccharides, complex structures that help them defend against antibiotic attack. Removal of this layer is believed to make E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria more vulnerable to antibiotic attack, the scientists say. "The study is further proof-of-principle that the spectrum of activity of antib...

Molecule does more than slice and dice RNA

...s think Dicer's original function may have been to defend cells from certain kinds of viruses. Having an image of Dicer from Giardia intestinalis, Doudna noted, will help scientists better understand its role across biology."From an evolutionary standpoint, it is very interesting," said Doudna. "What is th...

Advanced genomics and proteomics improve the diagnosis and treatment of a deadly lung disease

...s think Dicer's original function may have been to defend cells from certain kinds of viruses. Having an image of Dicer from Giardia intestinalis, Doudna noted, will help scientists better understand its role across biology."From an evolutionary standpoint, it is very interesting," said Doudna. "What is th...

A clue from macaques yields evidence for impaired retroviral defense genes in humans

...ngle mutation in TRIM5 that impairs its ability to defend against retroviruses. This mutation occurs at a very high frequency in some ethnic groups, leading the authors to conclude that past periods in human history corresponding to relatively low levels of retroviral infections may have allowed impaired ve...

Researches discover gene critical for protection against septic-shock-induced death

...ates a broad spectrum of genes used by the host to defend against a variety of stresses, including oxidative and inflammatory diseases such as cigarette-smoke-induced emphysema and allergic asthma in mice models. Biswal's team found that the deletion of the Nrf2 gene increased the inflammatory response an...

It's not fair! We are programmed to resist weight loss

... (IHBI), said our bodies have strong mechanisms to defend attempts to lose weight but very weak mechanisms to prevent weight gain. Dr King's weight loss intervention studies demonstrate the "plateau effect", whereby weight loss from exercise and calorie restrictions stops at a certain point. He conducte...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

...ral killer (NK) cells, immune cells that typically defend the body against cancer and infections. IFNg, produced by NK cells and other cell types, plays a critical role in killing pathogen-infected cells and in defending against tumor cells. However, overproduction of IFNg is also dangerous to the body an...

Scientists aim to thwart use of flu as bioweapon

...., an expert on how flu spurs the immune system to defend itself against the infection. Doherty's technical talk on the roles of specific types of T-cells in influenza will be at 1:30 p.m. Friday, June 23, at the Rochester Marriott Airport Hotel on West Ridge Road. The lecture is free and open to the public...

Pollution threatens coral health by preventing lesions from healing, UCF study shows

...esistance protein were found. That helps the coral defend itself against contaminants, but it is metabolically costly for coral to produce, leaving less energy available to repair damaged tissue. Fauth's team is sharing data with Professor Michael Risk of McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, and marine...

Mussels evolve quickly to defend against invasive crabs

...that there's one predator mussels will not need to defend themselves against: him. "I used to like them, before I started working with them for my dissertation," he says. "Not anymore." -30- ...

Beekeepers work hard for the honey, despite changing tupelo forest

...low beekeepers to develop collective strategies to defend their livelihood, Watson said. That's important because helping the beekeepers will in turn help the survival of the forests along the Apalachicola River floodplain, one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems in North America. Although tupelo tr...

Diabetes research takes wing thanks to long-lived fruit fly

...live 85 days instead of 60, by spurring the fly to defend itself more aggressively against the oxidative stress that accelerates with aging. Such stress comes from the same chemical process that makes cars rust in the Rochester winter: Free-wheeling molecules known as free radicals zing through materials an...

New finding points way to foiling anthrax's tricks

...e. "Humans make a protein called siderocalin to defend against bacteria in the continual arms race between pathogen and host. This is the first example of a protein produced by the human immune system that disrupts bacteria's iron scavenging system," said Ken Raymond, UC Berkeley professor of chemistry a...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

...new twist in a metabolic pathway that cells use to defend themselves against toxins made by disease-causing bacteria. The discovery of this pathway, published in the September 22 issue of the journal Cell, advances our understanding of how cells mount a survival response when attacked by bacteria and para...

Fruit fly aggression studies have relevance to humans, animals

... other flies. "Some animals will very vigorously defend their little food patch, whereas others are relatively polite," Mackay said. "To determine if this had a genetic basis, we conducted a selection experiment." For the selection experiment, Edwards pulled three groups of flies ?high aggression, low ag...

New moth variety disarms plants guarded by selenium

..., researchers report that the ability of plants to defend themselves by accumulating high levels of a toxic element can be overcome by some insects, and that such adaptation potentially echoes in the food web as other predators and parasites may in turn evolve to deal with high levels of the toxic element. ...

Elusive rust resistance genes located

...t resistance genes to boost the plants?capacity to defend itself. Wheat plants that contain the Lr34 / Yr18 combination of genes also experience slower rates of rust infection. This prevents widespread and rapid increase of rust spores reducing the potential for disease epidemics throughout the crop. ...

Bacteria in small sea life yield new way to make potential cancer drugs

...late in the tissues of sea squirts and may help to defend them against predators. Many of these chemicals have anticancer properties, but harvesting them in quantities for large-scale testing and production has been impractical. The new method uses genetic pathways in the bacteria to produce the small c...

Unique gene regulation gives chilly bugs survival advantage at bottom of the world

... National Academy of Sciences. The proteins help defend the larval midges against environmental stresses including temperature changes as well as changes in water, oxygen and pH levels, said David Denlinger, the study's lead author and a professor of entomology at Ohio State University. "They've somehow...

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