defects 2 7

Tag: "defects" at biology news

'Tribbles' protein implicated in common and aggressive form of leukemia

... patients who had been previously characterized by defects in C/EBPá. According to Keeshan, "C/EBPa defects have also been identified in lung cancer and other tumors, suggesting the possibility that Trib2 dys...

Down syndrome: It's not just the age factor

...these women will bring children with developmental defects to full term. They believe that this relaxed filtering stringency is an adaptive maternal response and it might explain why the rate of Down Syndrome accelerates with increasing maternal age. These findings have important implications for the pre...

Mutant mouse provides insights into breast cancer

... have found a novel potential link between genetic defects in DNA replication (copying) and breast cancer. The mouse contains a mutation in a gene essential for replicating DNA in both humans and mice that increases the rate of flawed copies of genetic material, leading to mouse breast cancers. In a paper...

Stem cells found in adult hair follicles may provide alternative to embryonic stem cells

..., stroke, peripheral neuropathies and ALS. Certain defects of the heart, and bone defects (degeneration, craniofacial birth defects) could also be treated through neural crest stem cell repl...

Muscle and bone from an ink-jet printer

...ction following heart failure, and heal large bone defects in the skull. Controlling not only what types of cells differentiate from stem cells, but also gaining spatial control of stem cell differentiation, are important capabilities if researchers are to engineer replacement tissues that might be used in t...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

... fruit fly can apply to human disorders like birth defects and cancer. The organization of structures in the cell's nucleus has profound effects on such essential functions as how and when genes are expressed. When regulation fails, genome aberrations accumulate, including repeated sequences of DNA or even e...

Scientists explore how complex organs develop from a simple bud

...ociated with adult organs, and the extent to which defects in the growth and development of fetal stage organs can affect organ function after birth -- have important implications for human health. Two of the reviews in the Journal delve into tubulogenesis ?a process that is intimately tied to branching mo...

One signal elicits thousands of answers

...umour researchers because they have to investigate defects in cellular signaling which often occurs in progressed forms of cancer. The new technology will allow the search for new data - which might not be necessary too soon. "Our study revealed more phosphorylation sites than all previous studies combined,"...

Novel pathway regulates timing of brain cell development

...Our findings raise the intriguing possibility that defects in presenilin-mediated erbB4 signaling could be implicated in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease," Corfas says. "Further studies of erbB4 nuclear signaling could provide important insights into the causes of neurodegeneration." In addition, th...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...th retinal degeneration caused by distinct genetic defects involving malfunctioning or degenerating rods. The transplanted cells survived and were functional for the duration of the study. Scientists observed improvements including pupil response to light and response to light stimuli from ganglion cells, w...

Peering into the shadow world of RNA

...t can be destruction of the gene, leading to birth defects and genetic disease. Over evolutionary history, this ability of transposons to copy themselves to new locations has helped them to dramatically expand their representation in the mammalian genome. “Transposons occupy as much as half of our ent...

Lost in the labyrinth

...ation pathway contributes to this process. Because defects in such pathways and in the development of stem ce...kemias and other forms of cancer cells derive from defects such as this. Understanding the processes by which they form will require pinpointing the forks in t...

Molecular 'marker' on stem cells aids research, perhaps therapies

..., where scientists tested their use to repair bone defects and to attenuate the effects of bone loss in diseases such as osteoporosis. The study is available online and will be published in the Feb. 15 issue of the journal Blood. Although mesenchymal cells were discovered in the 1970s, researchers still ...

Mutant gene causes severe kidney disease in infants

...docytes from developing normally in the embryo, so defects were present at birth. A milder mutation seemed to...rfere with repair mechanisms in the glomerulus, so defects didn't show up until later in life." U-M scientists used DNA microarrays to analyze blood samples...

New study: Preterm birth causes one-third of all infant deaths

...finition of infants who are "very preterm." Birth defects are the leading cause of infant death, followed by prematurity, according to the official reporting systems. But, using this new classification, premature birth would be the most frequent cause of infant death. More than a half million babies are bo...

A potential biological cause for sudden infant death syndrome

...plains Kinney. But in babies who die from SIDS, defects in the serotonin system may impair these reflexes,...lation and, for the first time, pinpoints multiple defects in the serotonin system other than those in serotonin receptors: deficiencies in a particular type o...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

... brain’s “off?switches fail in part due to protein defects that prevent potassium from exiting nerve cells and calming them. “Channels that carry potassium,?says Min Li, Ph.D., professor of neuroscience at Johns Hopkins, “must open on cue to make sure nerve cells only fire for defined periods of time.? In ...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

Many cancers arise due to defects in genes that normally suppress tumor growth. Now, for the first time, MIT researchers have shown that re-activating one of those genes in mice can cause tumors to shrink or disappear. The study offers evidence that the tumor suppressor gene p53 is...

Liposuctioned fat stem cells to repair bodies

...o contains stem cells with the potential to repair defects and heal injuries in the body. A team led by Philippe Collas at the University of Oslo in Norway has identified certain chemical marks that allow him to predict which, among the hundreds of millions of stem cells in liposuctioned fat, are best at reg...

Ultrasound upgrade produces images that work like 3-D movies

...rove the early diagnosis of certain kinds of birth defects of the face and skull and improve surgeons' depth perception during ultrasound-guided medical procedures, including tumor biopsies and robot-assisted surgeries done through tiny "keyhole" incisions. The Duke team, which also includes Joanna Noble,...

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