Tag: "decreases" at biology news

Changing length of days reverses how estrogen affects aggressiveness in mice

.... However, in the long days of summer, estrogen decreases aggression among male Oldfield mice, a species com...non-genomic pathways in the brain, but the hormone decreases aggression in long-day mice through genomic pathways. "In the vast majority of cases, hormones se...

Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp

...eclines by a surprising 70 percent, and urine flow decreases drastically to less than 5 percent of its rate in the freshwater river water. "In other words, the kidney changed from an organ which excreted water at a greater rate than salt in river-water, to one which conserved water relative to salt in lake-...

A wolf in sheep's clothing: Plague bacteria reveal one of their virulence tricks

...upt the host cytoskeleton," Stebbins says, "but it decreases its virulence significantly." "It's rare to find something that has such a strong effect that you can hit one protein so specifically, knock out essentially half its activity, and have such a dramatic result," he says. "Not only did we have a mechan...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

... size, perhaps accompanied by only small or subtle decreases in body size," said Andrea Taylor and Carel van Schaik in a report now online in the Journal of Human Evolution. Taylor is an assistant professor at Duke's departments of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy and of Community and Family Medicine. Van...

Scientists find a key to immune system's ability to remember

...he number of T cells marshaled to fight that agent decreases dramatically. But a smaller subset, known as "memory" cells, retains the imprint of its previous encounter should the pathogen make a return appearance. According to the study, while Lck primes naïve cells to fight a pathogen, it is not required by...

UCSD study reveals how plants respond to elevated carbon dioxide

... calcium ion "spikes"--or rapid increases and then decreases in calcium ion concentrations within cells--changed in frequency according to atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. As the carbon dioxide concentration was increased, the rapid drum roll of calcium spikes within the cells changed to a slower beat. The c...

Orange, grapefruit juice for breakfast builds bones in rats

...with aging men, because, the level of testosterone decreases as men age," said Deyhim, adding a similar study on female rats has begun. Deyhim said fresh grapefruit or orange juice - mixed with sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidity - was given to the rats each morning. "They drank it with no problem, ever...

A surprise about our body clock

.... "We know that the number of c-kit positive cells decreases with age and that elderly patients don't recover from heart attacks as well as younger patients. The key for the older patients would be to find new ways to restore this particular subset of cells in their bone marrow," said Dr. Fazel. "These findin...

Healing the heart with bone marrow cells

.... "We know that the number of c-kit positive cells decreases with age and that elderly patients don't recover from heart attacks as well as younger patients. The key for the older patients would be to find new ways to restore this particular subset of cells in their bone marrow," said Dr. Fazel. "These findin...

Report warns about carbon dioxide threats to marine life

... Miami, show that coral calcification consistently decreases as the oceans become more acidic. This means that these organisms will grow more slowly, or their skeletons will become less dense, a process similar to osteoporosis in humans. As a result, reef structures are threatened because corals may be unable ...

Corals switch skeleton material as seawater changes

...um carbonate. They make that switch in response to decreases in the ratio of magnesium to calcium in seawater, Ries said. That ratio has changed dramatically over geologic time. "This is intriguing because, until now, it was generally believed that the skeletal composition of corals was fixed," he said. Rie...

How bad is malaria anemia? It may depend on your genes

... research team showed that adding MIF to the cells decreases both the final number and maturity of red blood cells. The researchers believe this effect can lead to anemia. When infected with plasmodium, mice genetically engineered to lack MIF experience less severe anemia and are more likely to survive. With...

New compound reduces stroke damage

...s has synthesized a new compound that dramatically decreases the damage to neurons in rats demonstrating stroke symptoms. The research appears as the "Paper of the Week" in the May 26 issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, an American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology journal. Stroke is th...

Plants tell caterpillars when it's safe to forage

...creases during the day (when wasps are active) and decreases at night, suggesting that variations in production might affect the daily activity patterns of foraging larvae, with low production sending the signal that the coast is clear. To test this hypothesis, Shiojiri et al. exposed larvae of a corn-munch...

Surprise finding for stretched DNA

...s. "As this system is stretched, the elastic rod decreases in diameter," said Bustamante. "This enables the outer wire to wrap a larger number of times over the length of the rod." The twist-stretch coupling results demonstrated by Bustamante and his collaborators holds important implications for how DNA-...

UGA researchers find that hunting can increase the severity of wildlife disease epidemics

...t of the newly plentiful resources, the death rate decreases and the birth rate increases, compensating ?and so...rth seasons determine whether hunting increases or decreases disease prevalence. They found that an outbreak is barely affected when hunting occurs between matin...

Combined treatment extends life expectancy for lung cancer patients

...iation therapy extends average life expectancy and decreases recurrences of tumors in patients who have early stages of inoperable lung cancer, according to researchers at Rhode Island Hospital. In a retrospective study looking at patients over seven years, the median survival rate at three years increased f...

Bedsores and bald hides: Novel roles revealed for a 'scaffolding' protein

...s," says Coulombe. "The capacity for wound healing decreases with age, and a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in repairing wounds may lead to improved strategies for fostering proper healing with minimal scarring." K17's role in maintaining hair follicle strength is probably centere...

Discovery of agile molecular motors could aid in treating motor neuron diseases

...he hallmark of motor neuron disease. This mutation decreases the efficiency of the dynein-dynactin motor in "taking out the trash" of the cell, and thus leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the cell, which may in turn lead to the degeneration of the neuron. Scientists are now finding that many ...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

...tion absorption by aerosols increases, cloud cover decreases ?for all locations, for all seasons. Backed up with a mathematical analysis, it becomes harder to deny that it is, in fact, aerosols that have the major influence. "We hope that this study has finally provided closure," says Koren. "Hopefully poli...

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