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Tag: "damaging" at biology news

Zooming in on the protein-conducting channel

...tron microscope with a low-intensity beam to avoid damaging the molecules, scientists then obtained images of thousands of captive protein complexes. Next, they used computer image analysis to produce detailed, three-dimensional maps of the complex in two different states from the low-contrast, noisy images p...

NJIT study shows nanoparticles could damage plant life

...anoparticle commonly used in industry could have a damaging effect on plant life, according to a report by an environmental scientist at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). The report, published in a recent issue of "Toxicology Letters," shows that nanoparticles of alumina (aluminum oxide) slowed the...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...ted by the accident" and partially attributes this damaging psychological impact to a lack of accurate information. These problems manifest as negative self-assessments of health, belief in a shortened life expectancy, lack of initiative, and dependency on assistance from the state. "Two decades after the Ch...

New factor implicated in allergy and asthma attacks

...en or its extract containing NADPH oxidase produce damaging reactive oxygen species in cell culture and, in experiments with mice, in their lungs and airway lining fluid. The resulting oxidative stress, Boldogh said, almost immediately prompted the production of inflammatory immune signaling molecules and acc...

Smoking damages key regulatory enzyme in the lung

...ents--even nicotine. Cigarette smoking, "the most damaging of all addictive substances," remains the leading cause of preventable death and has negative health impacts on people at all stages of life, said Fowler, and has been in the headlines recently with the death of ABC "World News Tonight" anchorman Pet...

Scientists develop nanotech-laser treatment that kills cancer cells without harming healthy tissue

...tes. The tumors disappeared within 10 days without damaging any healthy tissue. Future applications Dai points out that the carbon nanotubes also can be delivered to diseased cells by direct injection. "In breast cancer, for example, there might come a time when we inject nanotubes into the tumor and expose...

Study provides insight into cellular defenses against genetic mutation

...nd others cause disease. One frequently occurring, damaging class of mutation is the inclusion of premature "stop reading" signals (stop codons) within mRNAs. Called "frameshift" or "nonsense" mutations, they order the genetic process to stop reading part way through the instructions, resulting in the buildin...

NCAR analysis shows widespread pollution from 2004 wildfires

...l ozone, which affects human health in addition to damaging plants and influencing climate, is formed from reactions involving atmospheric pollutants, including carbon monoxide, in the presence of sunlight. Both pollutants are monitored by the Environmental Protection Agency. However, scientists have been una...

Global warming increases oyster sensitivity to pollution

...ature rises, so that cadmium levels which were not damaging to mitochondria at lower temperature become strongly toxic with increasing temperature." Cadmium circulates continually between air, water and soils. As it moves easily through the food chain, high levels are reported in seals. In humans, cadmium in...

Ancient DNA confirms single origin of Malagasy primates

...dapidae is misleading," she said. Yoder said that damaging effects of moisture, ultraviolet irradiation, and tropical heat on DNA survival likely contributed to the inability to obtain DNA from some species. The only samples to yield DNA from tropical localities were the two individuals that were used as pos...

Colorful bacteria more dangerous

...at these pigmented molecules help S. aureus defuse damaging molecules that are produced by neutrophils in order to kill the bacteria. When the researchers removed the carotenoids from the bacteria, they became more vulnerable to immune attack. Nizet suggests that drugs that inhibit carotenoid synthesis might ...

Investigating 'brain shrinkage' in alcoholics

...00 at a time." Alcohol appears to be particularly damaging to the "white matter" or "hard wiring" of the brain, and can also cause shrinkage or retraction of neuronal dendrites; however, the damage appears to be at least partially reversible with abstinence. "The aim of this symposium was to bring together ...

Gene therapy advance treats hemophilia in mouse models

...e cells instead of liver cells, it could lead to a damaging immune response." McCray said the team now is studying additional ways to make the hybrid vector express the protein even better. ...

Woods Hole Research Center plans controlled burn in Amazon rainforest

...on is that the second fire will be hotter and more damaging than the first due to the increased volume of fuel available from those trees that perished in the first fire, and the fact that this fuel will be very dry. Center scientists are also curious to see how those trees that have resprouted from their roo...

Environmental chemical cocktail may sabotage sperm

...yday products and food have subtle but potentially damaging effects on sperm fertility. Professor Lynn Fraser told the 21st annual conference of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology today (Wednesday), that her previous research had shown that certain chemicals known to mimic the female s...

Researchers extend mouse lifespan by protecting against free radicals

...reactive chemicals, called "free radicals," can be damaging to the body at the cellular level. Those reactive chemicals can take part in unnecessary chemical reactions that can damage the cell components, including DNA. Some researchers believe that free radicals could contribute to or hasten heart disease, c...

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

...der by making the neutrophils victims of their own damaging secretions. The newly identified role for the gene, Foxo3a, may open a new window for treating arthritic conditions caused by immune dysfunction. Currently, most treatments in development for these disorders focus either on preventing wayward immune...

Atmosphere may cleanse itself better than previously thought

...re effective at cleansing itself of smog and other damaging hydrocarbons than was once thought. Scientists, including Joseph S. Francisco, have learned that some naturally occurring atmospheric chemicals react with sunlight more effectively than previously thought to produce substances that "scrub" the air o...

NHGRI targets 12 more organisms for genome sequencing

...sps in agriculture as a biological control of crop damaging insects saves approximately $20 billion annually. The wasp will serve as a good comparison for the honey bee genome, which has been sequenced already. Two related wasp species, Nasonia giraulti and Nasonia longicornis, will be sequenced at less dense...

Eliminate Data Analysis Bottlenecks in Drug Discovery

...arce. Because the liver's production of sugar is a damaging problem in people with diabetes, the proteins' interaction might be a target for future drugs to fight the disease, the researchers say. Under normal circumstances, the liver's production of sugar is a back-up plan that enables survival during food ...

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