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Tag: "damaging" at biology news

Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans

... controls (0.1%). Four other SIDS cases had other damaging mutations in one copy of the gene. How, they asked, might this variation contribute to SIDS? The SCN5A gene codes for a sodium channel, a pore found in cardiac muscle cells that controls the passage of sodium ions in and out of the cell. "This ...

Cyclosporine inhibits hepatitis C virus in vitro

...C always recurs after liver transplantation, often damaging the new organ and rendering patients ineligible for retransplantation. To address this problem, patients with hepatitis C often undergo interferon-ribavirin combination therapy after receiving a liver transplant in hopes of a sustained virologic resp...

New mechanism for essential genome-wide gene silencing identified

...tect the genome from viruses and other potentially damaging entities, thus preserving genetic integrity. In a new study, researchers at The Wistar Institute and colleagues have identified an important new global mechanism for this essential gene silencing, or gene repression. A report on the findings appears...

Sun protection for plants

...nge of processes to adapt to harsh and potentially damaging environmental conditions. We are beginning to understand the mechanisms plants have at a molecular level to prevent damage from excess sunlight. We hope that this knowledge could be used to improve photosynthesis rates, and therefore productivity, in...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

...ied the genes turned on in bacteria exposed to DNA damaging agents, the so-called SOS response. Kenyon named the damaged-inducible (Din) genes in order of discovery, and DinB was the second one she found. "Knocking it out didn't seem to have an obvious effect ," Walker said. "We couldn't find anything inter...

Neuroscientists discover new cell type that may help brain maintain memories of smells

...axon and then follow it for long distances without damaging the Blanes cell. Once I could follow the axon as it coursed through the brain, it was relatively easy to see where it ended and where I should look for potential target cells. Because I knew where to look, this part of the project was shortened fro...

Protecting endangered species helps reduce poverty

...s. Other examples show that, in China, illegal and damaging activities in forested panda reserves declined when communities gained alternative sources of income, such as farming and animal husbandries supported by WWF. In Namibia, the creation of conservancies, where communities are jointly managing their wil...

Commonly used antidepressants may also affect human immune system

...il and others" could have either a beneficial or a damaging effect on human immunity. "The wider health implication is that commonly used SSRI antidepressants, which target the uptake of serotonin into neurons, may also impact the uptake in immune cells," said Gerard Ahern, Ph.D., assistant professor of Phar...

The Amazon in 2050: Implementing the law could save a million square kilometers of rainforest

...g, the Manaus-Porto Velho highway will be the most damaging in terms of new deforestation. The challenge of Amazon conservation is to find ways to redirect political and economic forces towards this second, more sustainable future scenario, conserving most of the forest for centuries to come. According to ...

Researchers get neurons and silicon talking

... refine the way we stimulate the neurons, to avoid damaging them," says Vassanelli. That's one of the problems the team hopes to tackle in a future project. Right now a proposal has been prepared which could tackle this and many other problems, including how to communicate with the neurons using genes. "Ge...

New drug could reduce tissue damage after heart attack

... functions in the test tube, and blocks the tissue damaging effect of CRP in an experimental heart attack model. Professor Mark Pepys, of the UCL Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins, whose work on CRP has been supported by the Medical Research Council since 1979, says: "Although heart attacks ar...

Plants give pests sock in the gut

...P is harmful to caterpillars mainly because of its damaging effect on their peritrophic matrix. This is a membrane that lines the gut of most insects and aids digestion. It also protects the insects from being invaded by microorganisms and parasites through the food they eat. At the heart of the matrix is a...

Cellular scale drug delivery from the inside out

...d and therefore not cause unwanted side affects by damaging healthy cells. To achieve external control, Lin i...ucing chemicals or genes into cells without either damaging the cell or causing a chain-reaction of events that can't be tracked. "With current gene therapy, i...

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

Deadly and damaging toxins that allow anthrax to cause disease and death in mammals have similar toxic effects in fruit flies, according to a study conducted by biologists at the University of California, San Diego. Their findings, which appear this week in an early on...

NASA's AURA satellite peers into Earth's ozone hole

...he stratosphere. By international agreement, these damaging chemicals were banned in 1995, and their levels in the atmosphere are decreasing. Another important factor in how much ozone is destroyed each year is the temperature of the air high in the atmosphere. As with temperatures on the ground, some years ...

Cheap, rapid hand-held check for HIV

...tumours and infections, is a sure sign that HIV is damaging a person's health: some clinical definitions of AIDS say that once a person's CD4+ count falls below 200 cells per microlitre of blood, he or she has developed the condition. Doctors rely on CD4+ measurements to decide when to start drug treatments...

Carnegie Mellon scientists create PNA molecule with potential to build nanodevices

...is damage is expected to reduce gene expression by damaging the DNA in which genes are encoded, and so the theory predicts that the most metabolically active tissues should show the greatest age-related reduction in gene expression. In this issue, Michael Eisen and colleagues show that the human brain follows...

Navigating the brain for sense of direction as paradigm for higher cognitive functions

...is damage is expected to reduce gene expression by damaging the DNA in which genes are encoded, and so the theory predicts that the most metabolically active tissues should show the greatest age-related reduction in gene expression. In this issue, Michael Eisen and colleagues show that the human brain follows...

Gene Expression in the Aging Brain

...is damage is expected to reduce gene expression by damaging the DNA in which genes are encoded, and so the theory predicts that the most metabolically active tissues should show the greatest age-related reduction in gene expression. In this issue, Michael Eisen and colleagues show that the human brain follows...

Researchers show how air pollution can cause heart disease

... and showed that air pollution can be particularly damaging when coupled with a high-fat diet, according to new research published in the December 21 issue of JAMA. "We established a causal link between air pollution and atherosclerosis," says Lung Chi Chen, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Environmental Medici...

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