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Tag: "damage" at biology news

New understanding of DNA repair may pave way to cancer treatments

...s cycle to allow repair of damaged DNA before such damage becomes permanent." Ronai and his colleagues are ...ce between its role in gene regulation and the DNA damage response. We need to find out which of the two functions is more dominant under these circumstances ...

First technology to remove prions that cause vCJD from blood launched

...r does not rely on chemical additives, which could damage or compromise the therapeutic value of a blood transfusion such as the oxygen carrying properties of red cells. A filtration approach also avoids the ethical issues associated with diagnostic testing, such as alerting a blood donor that he or she has...

Grasping metaphors: UC San Diego research ties brain area to figures of speech

... colleagues tested four right-handed patients with damage to the left angular gyrus. Fluent in English and o...of sensory information into another ?patients with damage to the angular gyrus performed at the level of chance. Three age-matched control subjects, on the o...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...ely tuned so that these proteins do not cause more damage to the body than the bacterial infection they were produced to defeat. Excessive inflammation can lead to organ failure and death, and this is exactly what happens when people are stricken with septic shock. Likewise, the loss of control of genetic e...

NYU and MSKCC research provides model for understanding chemically induced cancer initiation

...rimary components of cigarette smoke, are known to damage DNA. This damage occurs at special positions of the p53 gene, called mutation hot spots, which have been previously l...

Protein prevents detrimental immune effects of bacterial sepsis

... clear the pathogen and its toxins actually causes damage to the host's own tissues when it goes into overdr...e response must be carefully controlled to prevent damage to the host. Damazo et al. studied this balancing act by analyzing the effects of the bacterial tox...

Taking the piste out of Alpine vegetation

...fected. Machine grading of ski slopes caused most damage to vegetation, with machine-graded slopes having f...an ungraded pistes. And, say the researchers, this damage is long lasting. They found pistes that had been machine graded as long as 30 years ago and re-sown ...

Could microbes solve Russia's chemical weapons conundrum?

... it can cause severe burns to the skin, and severe damage to the respiratory system and internal organs if ingested or inhaled. It accounts for around 2 percent of Russia's CWA stockpile. Around 60 percent of the mustard RM consists of derivatives of a toxic compound called 1,4-perhydrothiazine (PHT). Erm...

Findings have implications for tracking disease, drugs at the molecular level

... is at a wavelength range that causes only minimal damage to most biological tissue. The findings will be published in the June issue of Nano Letters. ...

Brain May Be Less Plastic Than Hoped

...n that adult brains could compensate for permanent damage to the eyes, ears, skin, or even to itself. In the case of damage to the retina, Smirnakis said, “the predominant-but by no means universal-view was that significant ...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

...m." Fortunately, cells have an effective on-board damage control system, managed by the p53 gene. A protein...o prevent cancers from developing. When it suffers damage itself, cancers commonly result, explaining why p53 mutations are so frequently seen in so many diff...

Breakthrough isolating embryo-quality stem cells from blood

... medicine, which could repair apparently permanent damage such as heart disease or Parkinson's. The cells are currently taken from aborted human foetuses, an issue which has led to controversy and opposition in many parts of the world. Any alternative source, such as voluntary adult donations, could spark a...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...rtheless, all organisms are prone to some level of damage because no replication machinery is perfect, and w...l mechanism. If the cell senses damage, and if the damage persists beyond its ability to repair it, the cell will turn on its mutation machinery and open the ...

Newly Discovered 'Branding' Process Helps Immune System Cells Pick Their Fights

...e in atherosclerosis. Scientists suspect oxidative damage in the blood vessel walls may lead to immune reactivity that contributes to narrowing and stiffening of blood vessels. ### Herzog J, Maekawa Y, Cirrito TP, Illian BS, Unanue ER. Activated antigen-presenting cells select and present chemically modif...

Researchers find gene that may be at root of potato blight

... gene still causes massive amounts of agricultural damage throughout the modern world?on the order of billions of dollars each year. The scientists describe the gene, called Avr3a, in a study that appears online in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Researchers call ...

Alarm pheromone causes aphids to sprout wings

...y to avoid manipulation by plants. Thus, to reduce damage caused by aphids, the major insect pests in Europe, it may prove effective to apply pulses of alarm pheromone to infested fields. ...

Fox Chase study shows that weakened T-cell receptor signals change T-cell lineage

...ing agents, including bacterial infections, tissue damage and stress," Wiest said. "Laboratory mice unable to make delta-gamma T cells heal skin injuries more slowly. "Immune surveillance, the body mechanism that detects potential cancers and destroys them before their presence is evident to us, may be one...

NHGRI targets 12 more organisms for genome sequencing

...ich causes hundreds of millions of dollars of crop damage each year. The pea aphid is a model for studying rapid adaptation because this species is exceptionally able at adapting to and resisting many pesticides. Understanding this resistance at a molecular level can lead to safer and more effective pestici...

Owl genomics presents a HEPATOCHIP for diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

...tologically by fatty acid accumulation, hepatocyte damage and inflammation resembling alcoholic hepatitis. NASH is a critical stage in the process that spans from hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. NASH is one of the most common causes of elevated aminotransfereases in patients referred for...

Young Blood Revives Aging Muscles, Stanford Researchers Find

... to share a blood supply. They then induced muscle damage only in the older mice. Bathed in the presence of younger blood, the old muscles healed normally. In contrast, when old mice were connected to other old mice they healed slowly. In similar work, the group examined the livers of older mice connected ...

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