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Tag: "cycle" at biology news

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

...ied by apoptosis. Instead the cells underwent cell cycle arrest with features of senescence." Jacks said that he and his colleagues found no evidence that restoring p53 affected normal cells. "That gives us a broader therapeutic window in which the cancer cells respond rapidly by one of these two mechani...

Satellites shed light on global warming

...mbers and play a leading role in the global carbon cycle and the primary production of nutrients. Current research is investigating these relationships by exploiting the powerful union of multiple views of the ocean made possible by different instruments like those in the Envisat suite, such as the Rad...

Ocean's 'twilight zone' may be a key to understanding climate change

..., little research has been conducted on the carbon cycle below. The VERTIGO team examined a variety of processes to open a new window into the difficult-to-explore twilight zone. They successfully used a wide array of new tools, including an experimental device that overcame a longstanding problem of how t...

Scientists unravel clue in cortisol production

...proteins cause the DNA to contract again." This cycle goes on as long as the adrenal gland is receiving the signal. "Even though you get a sustained production of cortisol, the actual molecular events that happen in the nucleus are dynamic," said Sewer. "It's an extremely complex series of events tha...

Small molecule dervived from Rb2/p130 could act as cancer therapeutic

... domain leads to inhibition of cdk2 activity, cell cycle arrest and tumor growth reduction in vivo," in the...ase) inhibitor. Cdks play a critical role in cell cycle regulation. "What we tested was the ability of the Rb2/p130 spacer region to inhibit the kinase a...

Global 'sunscreen' has likely thinned, report NASA scientists

... of a warmer climate ?the spinning up of the water cycle of evaporation, more cloud formation and more rainfall ?has not yet been observed. "Less sunlight reaching the surface counteracts the effect of warmer air temperatures, so evaporation does not change very much," said Gavin Schmidt of GISS, a co-auth...

Post oak grasshoppers emerging

...Station entomologist, wants to research their life cycle and behavior. If you haven't heard of them, don't feel alone. Until recently, most Texans hadn't. "I didn't see them for the first 25 years of my career," said Dr. John Jackman, Texas Cooperative Extension entomologist. "I would have told you...

Scripps research team discovers a chemical pathway that causes mice to overeat and gain weight

...r tend to be more active during their normal sleep cycle and to eat more. In the study, this led to weight increases of up to 30 percent relative to mice with the receptors. The EP3 receptor is one of four types of receptors for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the most important inflammatory mediator that contr...

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

...nging PER2 levels over time, beginning a new daily cycle when a certain threshold is crossed. "In S662G individuals or mice, the alteration in transcription leads to production of less PER2, while the clock protein's degradation remains unaffected," they explained. Thus, the researchers added, "PER2 lev...

New findings blow a decade of assumptions out of the water

...ake 1,000 years to re-balance the ocean's nitrogen cycle if large-scale changes were to occur in either nitrogen fixation or denitrification ?if climate change altered ocean temperatures and the rates of the two processes, for instance. The new findings show the processes are happening within a few hund...

Researcher to study astronaut bone loss for space biology agency

...ll be treated with IGF-1 and reloaded on a regular cycle –?much as astronauts might regularly engage in weight-bearing exercise while in orbit –?in order to stimulate integrin production and enhance or recover IGF-1 receptor function. The IGF-1 will act as a signaling device to allow Long to measure the st...

Keeping the body in sync -- The stability of cellular clocks

...ology, gene expression, and behavior that run on a cycle of approximately one day, even in conditions of constant light or darkness. Peripheral organs in the body have their own cellular clocks that are reset on a daily basis by a central master clock in the brain. The operation of the cellular clocks is c...

New species of snapper discovered in Brazil

...h evidence that the new species completes its life cycle in different but interdependent marine habitats such as coral reefs and mangroves. "This discovery that a large, popular fish is a species new to science shows how little we know about the oceans that surround us," Moura said. "It looks like other...

Cold sore virus might play role in Alzheimer's disease

...aging cells and causing cold sores. It was this cycle of activity and latency that Miller and Federoff f... ApoE-4 may alter the balance between the HSV life cycle forms. It's possible that the ApoE gene works as a sort of bodyguard that tries to keep cells safe f...

How trees manage water in arid environments

...est ecosystem adapts to the extremes in the annual cycle of water availability by its ability to remain turned on during the winter," Brown said. "Water stress, rather than temperature, is the primary control on the forest's behavior. The trees will remain significantly active regardless of the season, pro...

Imaging techniques permit scientists to follow a day -- or four -- in the life of a cell

...ring which the cells may divide multiple times and cycle through nearly all cellular functions. When coupled with the latest in image-analysis software, this technique allows researchers to gain a long-term perspective on events in the lives of cells. ...

UCSD researchers discover variants of natural tumor suppressor

...2, which also inactivates Akt, inhibiting the cell cycle progression and promoting cell death. However, PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 control three different disease pathways. While both are important in cancer, PHLPP 1 impacts an important pathway in diabetes and PHLPP2 could be useful in fighting heart and neurolo...

Brown cancer biologists identify major player in cell growth

...lts. But the exact function of GABP in the cell cycle wasn't known. Rosmarin wanted to find out. So he and members of his laboratory created mice that carried a mutation -- tiny DNA sequences were inserted into their GABP-making gene. These DNA bits would serve as a time bomb of sorts, deleting a critic...

Changes in amino acids in the 1918 influenza virus cut transmission

...lping scientists develop ways to break the disease cycle and possibly help reduce the risk for a potential pandemic. While flu pandemics occur every 10 to 40 years, the factors that lead to the emergence of pandemic viruses are not well understood, explains study co-author Adolfo García-Sastre, PhD, Profe...

Brain's reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle

...was in lockstep with estrogen levels regardless of cycle phase; activity in these areas was also triggered by progesterone levels while women were anticipating rewards during the post-ovulatory phase. Activity patterns that emerged when rewards were delivered during the post-ovulatory phase suggested that ...

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