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Tag: "cycle" at biology news

Image of myosin-actin interaction revealed in cover story of Molecular Cell

...dge of how myosin interacts through the hydrolysis cycle with actin provides an exciting new research template onto which scientists can design new sets of experiments to further refine the myosin-actin binding region and to correlate it with loss or gain of function. The precise characterization of this ...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...ing onset of puberty, ovulation, and the menstrual cycle in females and testosterone production in males -- by regulating the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Interestingly, GnRH neurons also appear to be involved in the control of sexual behaviors. "Consistent with the idea that GnRH neuron...

Amazon trees much older than assumed, raising questions on global climate impact of region

...ly half what is predicted by current global carbon cycle models," Trumbore said. "As a result, those models -- which are used by scientists to understand how carbon flows through the Earth system -- may be overestimating the forests' capacity to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere." As part of the L...

Eisai announces Phase II data on E7389, a potential new therapy for the treatment of breast cancer

...ts, 10 partial responses were confirmed at the 4th cycle assessment. Twenty-one patients had stable disease...ed. Seventy-one women were enrolled in the 28-day cycle patient group. Preliminary efficacy data for 65 patients and safety data on 48 patients are availabl...

Odd energy mechanism in bacteria analyzed

...rs SAR11 plays a major role in the planet's carbon cycle as a consumer of organic carbon. Its main energy g...t enters Earth's atmosphere every day. The carbon cycle ultimately affects all plant and animal life on Earth. However, it's now clear that SAR11 has its o...

Carnegie Mellon U. transforms DNA microarrays with standard Internet communications tool

...of the most important biological systems, the cell cycle plays a major role in cancer. Using their new meth...he way to new and more accurate models of the cell cycle system, which in turn can lead to new targets for cancer drugs," said Bar-Joseph. The new method al...

Clawed frog helps Fanconi anemia research make leaps

... it is fertilized. During this time, when the cell cycle is arrested, scientists can use chemicals and a centrifuge machine to keep its DNA from replicating. This creates a convenient extract rich in all the essential components ready for full replication. Then, by chemically activating the extract and a...

Mining for gems in the fungal genome

... are only produced at select times during the life cycle of the organism," explains Keller, noting that the compounds can help fungi survive various environmental stressors. Some secondary metabolites have powerful heath effects in humans, such as penicillin, which certain fungi produce in the presence ...

The closest look ever at the cell's machines

...ble their machines at different stages of the cell cycle and in response to environmental challenges, such as infections. "This would be a logistical nightmare if the cell had to build every machine from scratch any time it needed to do something," says Anne-Claude Gavin, former Director of Molecular and...

Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells

...d, and once this stage is over, it involutes. This cycle of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis also happens in every menstrual cycle and in a more dramatic form during pregnancy. "This caught our attention, and has driven our researc...

CU, USDA team to curb two invasive, poisonous vines

...plants' biology to identify weak links in the life cycle that should be targeted, if possible, for biological control," said Lindsey Milbrath, a USDA-ARS research entomologist at Cornell, adding that introducing any agent will require federal approval. "Our research will help guide the selection of an effe...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...tes, quantifying the role of forests in the carbon cycle becomes ever more urgent. Modelers seek simple predictors of forest biomass and carbon flux. Over the last decade, the theory of metabolic ecology generated testable explanations, derived from physical and biochemical principles, for a wide range of ...

Warming trend may contribute to malaria's rise

...hland regions and desert fringes. Because the life cycle of the mosquito that transmits malaria and the microorganism that causes the disease are extremely sensitive to changes in temperature, some scientists have speculated that rising average temperatures may be making conditions more favorable for mosqu...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

...l and clock, but within a normal 24-hour circadian cycle the Rev-erb protein is destroyed within the cell, allowing bmal and other clock proteins to increase. Among other actions, these clock genes cause Rev-erb to increase, which again inhibits bmal and clock. "The time it takes for that to happen determi...

Darkness unveils vital metabolic fuel switch between sugar and fat

...the livers of mice subject to the usual light-dark cycle and those kept in the dark for 48 hours. One gene fired up in the dark ?procolipase, which produces an enzyme (CLPS) required for degrading dietary fat. Expression of the gene previously was thought to be restricted to the pancreas and gastrointe...

Researchers solve mystery of how nuclear pores duplicate before cell division

...is issue is as important to understanding the cell cycle as is the question of how DNA replicates," says Martin Hetzer, Ph.D., an assistant professor in the Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory and lead author of the study published in the xxx issue of the journal Science. Nuclear pores are gigantic stru...

New cellular flaw found in some virulent breast cancers

...ns that help regulate a cell's passage through its cycle of rest and growth. Overabundance of cyclin D1 has been observed in many cancers. For a number of years, Sicinski's laboratory has carried out a series of experiments to determine whether the protein has an important normal function, or whether it co...

A new focus for the mechanism of nerve growth

...n molecules are freed to complete a "virtual belt" cycle and be used again. "Surprisingly, growth cones of nerve cells rapidly doubled in width when myosin II was blocked by blebbistatin," said Forscher. "FSM see that this was caused by inefficient recycling of actin filaments at the back end of the acti...

Carbon cycle was already disrupted millions of years ago

... that there were large-scale changes in the carbon cycle over a short geological timescale of several tens of thousands of years. From the results Van Breugel deduced that large quantities of 12C in the form of CO2 or methane were suddenly released into the atmosphere. This could have been the result of ...

Extinctions linked to climate change

...in the Arctic and sub-Arctic has modified the life cycle of the nematode parasites of musk oxen," the resea...ers said. "These worms can now complete their life cycle in one year, instead of two, and their rising numbers are having a significant impact on musk oxen s...

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