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Tag: "cut" at biology news

Advanced genomics and proteomics improve the diagnosis and treatment of a deadly lung disease

...yme and that it recognized double-stranded RNA and cut it into pieces. But we didn't have any clue how Dicer made the measurement and figured out where to make the cut." Doudna and her colleagues solved the structure of a Dicer enzyme obtained from the parasite Giardia intestinalis using x-ray crystallo...

Researchers unravel DNA tangles and enzyme seamstresses

...he topoisomerases -- to identify linked DNA loops, cut a strand apart, let another strand pass through, and then reconnect the cut strand so that DNA can separate into untangled lengths that are the chromosomes: the topoisomerases ...

Exposure to volcanic mineral associated with increased mesothelioma incidence in Turkey

...struction, and storage rooms for produce have been cut in the tuff. Past reports have suggested that erionite exposure may increase the risk of mesothelioma, and studies have shown that erionite is associated with a higher risk of cancer development in animals than any other fiber previously tested. ...

Penguins waddle but they don't fall down, UH researchers say

... "There is one in particular that always wants to cut in front of the other penguins, so that he can walk across the mat first. It's pretty cute." Just why penguins (or pandas or kittens) seem so "cute" to humans isn't as measurable as their gait, but some researchers speculate that this may be rooted...

UCLA scientists uncover mechanism of response to targeted therapy

...he angiogenesis inhibitor could be administered to cut off the blood supply to the tumor, stopping the flow of oxygen and nutrients that the tumor needs to survive. Standard of care for kidney cancer is almost always removal of part or the entire kidney, so that tissue could be tested for the molecular ...

UC Riverside psychologist explores human perception, finds 'wow factor'

...ing to identify -- a triangle, a disc and a square cut from sound-insulating foam board covered with black tape. The undergrads also saw an array of eight horn-style loudspeakers that the shapes would block, and were told that the speakers would make a white-noise sound. Blindfolded, they were asked to ...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...unct for cancer treatments," Cagan says. "It could cut a patient's risk of having tumor cells leave the area before the primary tumor was eradicated. That's essential--metastatic cancer is far harder to treat than early-stage tumors." ...

Retinol for combating leukemia cells

...rammed death, and, to this end, a group of enzymes cut the protein inside the cell at certain sites, leading to the death of the cell in question. The death has no effect on healthy adjacent cells, does not result in swelling and the side effects are minimal. Thus, according to what has been shown, reti...

U-M researchers take new approach to defeating Gram-negative bugs

...Bacitracin, suggesting doses could be dramatically cut and still be effective, Woodard said. Antibiotics typically only effective against Gram-positive bacteria could work against Gram-negative bacteria if a compound can be designed to mimic this genetic modification, Woodard said. Also, E. coli can typ...

Genetically engineered mosquitoes show resistance to dengue fever virus

...nded RNA also becomes vulnerable to dicer-2 and is cut up, thereby preventing further virus replication. On its own, this process of self-destruction happens only after the virus has already replicated and been transmitted; however, the researchers found a way to control and speed up the process. They a...

Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans

...the "Back to Sleep" campaign, begun in 1994, which cut the prevalence of SIDS in half by teaching parents to put babies to sleep lying on their backs. The campaign was based, in part, on the assumption that babies sleeping on their bellies had more spells of interrupted breathing or apnea. One of the i...

New method for identifying microbes

...he microbes apart. In one example, the scientists cut and splice pieces of DNA to produce "tags" that contain 16 "letters" of genetic code somewhat "upstream" from the beginning of the gene that codes for a piece of the ribosome -- the highly conserved "single point" reference gene. By sequencing these ...

Thinner and younger

...to subjects who either had not been on a diet, had cut calories by about 12.5 percent and increased the energy they burned through exercise by a like amount, or had spent six months on a standard low-calorie diet of about 1,800 to 2,000 calories per day until they had lost 15 percent of their body weight...

Knowledge of infection may prevent spread of herpes virus

... that causes most cases of genital herpes could be cut in half by more testing and informing sexual partners of infection. The study is published in the July 1 issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases, now available online. Until recently, there was little evidence to show that knowledge of infection...

New device could cut chemotherapy deaths

...g delivery vehicle, known as Fibrasorb, could also cut the numbers of patients who die from the effects o..." said Dr Perera. "The new fibres and beads could cut out some side-effects entirely, including nausea and vomiting, and could reduce the number of people...

Attacking cancer's sweet tooth is effective strategy against tumors

... a tumor grows, cells crowd one another and may be cut off from oxygen-carrying blood vessels--a distinct disadvantage since most cells require oxygen to produce the bulk of their energy-storing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In the 1920s, Otto Warburg proposed that some cancer cells evolved the ability t...

Chocolate, wine, spicy foods may be OK for heartburn, Stanford study finds

..., the standard treatment for heartburn has been to cut out the aforementioned culinary joys - along with ... suffer. Second, raising the head of your bed will cut down on the amount of stomach acid that can enter your esophagus while you sleep. But Gerson noted ...

Technique speeds up detecting, treating wound bacteria

...rans Administration Medical Center can drastically cut the time it takes for lab personnel to figure out just what bacteria they're dealing with. "The big advantage of real-time PCR is that we get quantitative information and accurate identification on the organisms in five hours or so, whereas the cur...

New MRI technique quickly builds 3-D images of knees

...ance imaging (MRI) data-acquisition technique will cut the time many patients spend in a cramped magnetic resonance scanner, yet deliver more precise 3-D images of their bodies. Developed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the faster technique will enable clinics to image more patients - particula...

Bt cotton in China fails to reap profit after seven years

...e, farmers in the survey who had planted Bt cotton cut pesticide use by more than 70 percent and had earnings 36 percent higher than farmers planting conventional cotton. By 2004, however, they had to spray just as much as conventional farmers, which resulted in a net average income of 8 percent less tha...

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