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Tag: "crucial" at biology news

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

...xecutive, said: "This sort of genomics research is crucial in moving forward our understanding of evolution and could have a major impact on healthcare in the future." ...

World's smallest cancer detection device

...'dialogue' in tumor microenvironments that appears crucial for causing cancers to spread," says Dr. Condeelis. "This five-year Tumor Microenvironment Network grant will allow Einstein to influence the way research is carried out in this emerging and important field." Dr. James Castracane, the project's co-...

Psst! Coffee drinkers: Fruit flies have something to tell you about caffeine

...ion. Montell and colleagues conclude that Gr66a is crucial for the normal caffeine avoidance behavior and without it, flies are seemingly indifferent to the bitter taste. The researchers went on to examine whether this indifference to bitter was due to the taste nerves on the fly's "tongue" or some malfunc...

Stem cell activity deciphered in the aging brain

...made in rodents, refutes current ideas on how long crucial "progenitor" stem cells persist in the aging brain. The finding also suggests the possibility of treating various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, dementia and depression, by stimulating the brain's ability to produce new ...

Brains can recover from alcoholic damage but patients should stop drinking as soon as possible

...ration in substance and function. Data analysis is crucial to these endeavours, and modern software such as the tools delivered by the Image Analysis Group at the FMRIB centre in Oxford provides us with the utilities necessary for such studies. For instance, I am able to inform a specific patient how much ex...

Quality not quantity important for immune response to HIV

... colleagues found that the type of CTC response is crucial and that some types of response may have a negative effect and could actually hinder the immune response. The research, a population-based study involving investigators at the University of Oxford in the UK, Partners AIDS Research Center at Massachus...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

...two cell types plus the ability to generate NO was crucial for the positive CO effects," he says, adding that studies are now underway to determine the mechanism by which CO exposure leads to the increase in NO generation. "Our hope is that CO will find a place in the clinic as a therapeutic option for the ...

Circadian gene helps the brain predict mealtime

...eriod 2 mutation, indicating that this gene is not crucial for scheduled food availability to affect the physiological coordination of tissues outside the central nervous system. The authors of the study point out that the work they report provides a tool for investigating the brain's cerebral clockwork ...

Cloning techniques produce FDA-approved antibiotic

...tional genes that result in a revised mechanism is crucial for successful fosfomycin biosynthesis....

AIDS study challenges conventional treatment guidelines for HIV patients

... her viral load. Predicting disease progression is crucial in the treatment of HIV-positive people, such as in making the decision as to when it is best for starting antiretroviral therapy. Current treatment guidelines, while diminishing its importance, continue to include HIV viral load as one element in m...

Crohn's disease gene identified

...fer significant protection from IBD, and will be a crucial target for drugs that might better manage Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis." Previous genetic studies found a link between Crohn's disease and mutations in a gene known as CARD 15, but those mutations alone did not account for all of the gen...

Vaccine combined with short-term postexposure antibiotics protects monkeys from inhalational anthrax

...tion of postexposure antibiotic treatment could be crucial to a successful defense against a large-scale anthrax attack. In the study, two groups of rhesus macaques were exposed to very high amounts of anthrax spores by aerosol. Both groups were then given ciprofloxacin twice daily for 14 days, beginning ...

New mechanism explains glucose effect on wakefulness

...iction, wrote the researchers. "Considering these crucial roles of orexin neurons, their recently described inhibition by glucose is likely to have considerable implications for the regulation of states of consciousness and energy balance," wrote Burdakov and his colleagues. "However, as in other glucose-in...

Where we change our mind

... regions in decision making, which is likely to be crucial in complex real-world environments. We also illustrate the utility of statistical model-based inference and regression in delineating key task parameters that may be represented in spatially distinct brain regions," they concluded. ...

Epstein-Barr virus might kick-start multiple sclerosis

...into the new cell. T cells that target EBNA1 are a crucial component of EBV-specific immune responses in individuals without MS. Lünemann, Edwards, and colleagues began by collecting T cells from 20 untreated patients with MS and 20 volunteers who had been infected by Epstein-Barr virus but did not have the...

Combination therapy shows promising results in patients with advanced lung cancer

...d disease usually survive less than a year. "It's crucial that we develop better treatments for this disease," Reckamp said. ...

Mobile DNA part of evolution's toolbox

...DNA in the genome of a primeval fish may have been crucial to the transition of ancient animals from sea to land, or to later key evolutionary changes in land vertebrates. The discovery is "tantalizing evidence" that copied DNA elements known as retroposons could be an important source of evolutionary innova...

Ozone recovering, but unlikely to stabilize at pre-1980 levels, says study

...shuttle into the nucleus, it is now clear that the crucial activation step occurs in the nucleus where BES1 is already poised for action. Once released from BIN2 inhibition, BES1 associates with itself and other regulatory factors, and this modified form of BES1 binds to DNA, activating scores of target gene...

Salk scientists untangle steroid hormone signaling in plants

...shuttle into the nucleus, it is now clear that the crucial activation step occurs in the nucleus where BES1 is already poised for action. Once released from BIN2 inhibition, BES1 associates with itself and other regulatory factors, and this modified form of BES1 binds to DNA, activating scores of target gene...

Weizmann Institute scientists discover a molecular security mechanism for keeping mutations in check

...roteins manage to help the body's cells maintain a crucial balance, allowing them to divide and multiply while keeping the mutation rate, and therefore the cancer risk, to a minimum. ...

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