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Tag: "crucial" at biology news

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

...re of how the process actually works, and misses a crucial aspect of the reason for the wonderful efficiency." The taco shell is a sort of "middleman" in the antenna system, sandwiched in between a larger antenna and a molecule called the Reaction Center, where all the chemistry in energy transfer takes ...

UCLA AIDS Institute researchers find a peptide that encourages HIV infection

... Institute researchers have discovered that when a crucial portion of a peptide structure in monkeys that defends against viruses, bacteria and other foreign invaders is reversed, the peptide actually encourages infection with HIV. The findings, published in the April issue of AIDS Research and Human Retrov...

Researchers publish first marsupial genome sequence

...osition on the tree of life. This analysis fills a crucial gap in our understanding of how mammalian genomes,...lear that in their travels, they are disseminating crucial genetic innovations around the genome." Other important findings to emerge from the analysis of ...

Asexual worm quickly adapts to soil contamination

...ontributions from various research disciplines are crucial for insight into underlying mechanisms of the response to stress and for the consequences for the natural system....

Thymus transplants gives hope to babies with fatal immune disease

...babies are very frail when they get here, so it is crucial that they are nourished and supported during this period after transplant to strengthen and maintain them as their immune systems rebuild," Markert said. "We have a remarkable team that takes care of these children in tightly controlled conditions du...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

... it is this low-frequency signal that provides the crucial information about tissue stiffness. Azra Alizad ( aza@mayo.edu ), who works at the Mayo Clinic, the pioneer in vibro-acoustography research, says that this technique should allow physicians to identify cancer lesions and other abnormalities with hig...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...the body." Once HIV enters the body, it infects crucial CD4+ T cells, replicates, spreads throughout the body and establishes HIV reservoirs in lymphatic tissues. Within weeks of exposure, virus levels peak and then decline to levels that may remain low for months or years. It is believed that CD8+ T cell...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...s faster than previously possible. The speed is crucial for trying to understand a dynamic process like hIAPP mis-folding, Zanni says. The group now plans to capture series of snapshots during individual folding reactions to identify multiple phases as the proteins convert from an unordered mishmash ...

Executable biology -- Computer science sheds light on animal development

... laboratory experiments have not ?how and when the crucial cross-talk between cellular signaling pathways takes place in order to determine the fates of individual cells. The novel in silico model is described in a paper appearing May 18, 2007 in the open-access journal PLoS Computational Biology. During C...

Danish researches solve virus puzzle

...ow the pseudoknot is mechanically unfolded. A crucial slip of the cellular motor In their investigations the researchers use a pseudoknot which is related to bird flu. When the ribosome encounters a pseudoknot it has to unravel the knot before the reading can proceed. During this process the ribosome...

Switching genes to overdrive improves muscular dystrophy symptoms in mice

...have shown in a laboratory study that revving up a crucial set of muscle genes counteracts the damage caused by a form of muscular dystrophy. Reporting in the April 1 issue of Genes and Development, the researchers demonstrated that manipulating a genetic molecular switch increased the genes?activity in the...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

...encounters its host. Understanding these events is crucial for developing new interventions for preventing infections by disease-causing microbes while preserving or encouraging the presence of beneficial microbes. The unified language under development in this effort is called The Gene Ontology (GO). The ...

NIH researchers discover protein that appears to regulate bone mass loss, the cause of osteoporosis

...stem protein known as CD40 ligand. This protein is crucial for the development and maturation of immune cells, and without it people with X-linked Hyper IgM Syndrome are susceptible to a range of opportunistic infections. Last year, an NIAID doctor treating children with this disease observed that several of...

Gene tests and brain imaging reveal early dementia

...efore any clinical symptoms appear. "This is a crucial step towards the better diagnosis of Alzheimer's," she says. "If the method is developed it can help us find the people who'd benefit most from treatment in good time." The method is based on the well-established fact that the APOE protein affects...

Fascinating spider silk

..., but rather the degree of oligomerization that is crucial for thread formation," concludes Scheibel. The ...igomers. In addition, the pH value also plays a crucial role in web production: within the silk gland, the pH is relatively high, but within the spinning du...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

... Various genetic studies have identified SGT1 as a crucial component for pathogen resistance in plants through regulation of expression and activities of some R proteins Although there is a significant genetic crossover between plants and mammals, very little is known about this common human-plant regulat...

Bypassing eggs, flu vaccine grown in insect cells shows promise

...s capacity to churn out vaccine. That’s especially crucial in the fight against bird flu, as Treanor and other scientists have shown that an experimental vaccine appears to be effectively only at high doses. The experimental vaccine differs from approved vaccines in another way as well. The experimental v...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...ves as a central energy gauge for cells, providing crucial details about the molecule necessary for developing useful new therapies for diabetes and possibly obesity. A paper published online today in the journal Science details this structure, helping to explain one of the cell's most basic and critical pr...

Cold sore virus might play role in Alzheimer's disease

...es as one route to infect a cell. Nectin-1 plays a crucial role in forming synapses, the structures between brain cells that move information and signals from one cell to the next. The team is studying whether herpes somehow disturbs the receptor, possibly altering the structure and function of the synapse. ...

Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps

... our genome with the genomes of other organisms is crucial to identifying what makes the human genome unique." The rhesus, because of its response to the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), is widely recognized as the best animal model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The rhesus genome ...

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