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Tag: "crop" at biology news

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...lable every year from agricultural sources such as crop wastes, animal manure, grains and other crops. The remaining biomass could come from sources including fuel wood from forests, wastes left over from wood processing mills and paper mills, and construction and demolition debris. The process also of...

World's largest flower evolved from family of much tinier blooms

...l rubber, castor oil plants, and the tropical root crop cassava. The team from Harvard University, Southern Illinois University, the Smithsonian Institution, and the University of Wisconsin was led by Harvard's Charles C. Davis. "For nearly 200 years rafflesia's lineage has confounded plant scientists,...

What recognizes what in plant disease resistance?

...ns and should help in long-term efforts to enhance crop yield. ...

Mummy's amazing American maize

... they found both ancient and modern samples of the crop were genetically almost identical indicating that ...lty of Life Sciences. "Maize is the staple food crop of the region but prior to colonisation it also had a ritual significance ?the indigenous people wer...

Researchers find 6,000-year-old fossil evidence

...ing stones to grind corn, chili peppers and a root crop called manioc, and they probably combined these ingredients to make soups, stews and other dishes. Pearsall found evidence of this diet on grinding stones from four ancient households at Real Alto, leading her to conclude that these foods were eaten ...

Stopping plants from getting sick

...ularly useful models to study how pathogens infect crop plants. These fungi depend on the infection of a plant to complete part of their life cycle. But once that part of their life is over, they can be removed from the plant to be studied in the laboratory. What Kronstad discovered was the method that...

Living with water scarcity -- world must act now

...ease in water productivity could reduce additional crop water needs from 80% to 20% by 2050. "While getti... Multiple use systems ?operated for domestic use, crop production, aquaculture, agroforestry and livestock ?can improve water productivity and reduce pover...

With cellulosic ethanol, there is no food vs. fuel debate according to MSU scientist

...n on marginal land that isn't growing a commercial crop right now. "The evidence indicates that large-scale biofuel production will increase, not decrease, world food supplies by making animal feed production much more efficient," Dale said. ...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...ing antibiotics, remediating oil spills, enhancing crop production, and producing biofuels. Historically, microbiology focused on the study of individual species of organisms that could be grown in a laboratory and examined under a microscope, but most of the life-supporting activities of microbes are ...

Unique tomatoes tops in disease-fighting antioxidants

...rancis, an associate professor of horticulture and crop science; Steven Clinton, an associate professor of hematology and oncology and human nutrition; Nuray Unlu, a former postdoctoral researcher in food science; and Torsten Bohn, a former postdoctoral fellow in food science at Ohio State. ...

Something new under the sun

...stainable energy resulted not only in an increased crop yield but also a lower gas bill. Factors such as...e controlled as accurately as possible for optimum crop growth. Van Ooteghem designed an optimal control system for a solar greenhouse with an improved roof...

Fake pesticides threaten food safety

...mbers sign a code of practice,' he says. The EU crop protection market is worth ?.5bn. Counterfeits cost the EU between ?1m and ?0m in lost taxes. The ECPA recently launched a pan-European Anti-Counterfeit Programme, in an effort to get governments and regulators to use their powers to enforce regulato...

Fight weeds with plant pathogens

...use to agricultural productivity. Weeds can reduce crop yields by as much as 12 percent (causing up to $32 billion in losses), based on the potential value of all U.S. crops of approximately $267 billion/year. Weeds also pose serious ecological problems. Invasive weeds are capable of altering ecosystem pr...

Wild gorillas carriers of a SIV virus close to the AIDS virus

... are the primary reservoir of SIV/HIV viruses that crop up again in gorillas and in humans. As Martine Peeters of the IRD says, "the viruses of groups M and N are, very clearly, the consequence of inter-species transmission from chimpanzee to humans, whereas the origin of HIV-1 group O is less apparent. I...

End of deforestation in view? Experts advance new way to size up global forest resources

...rmers have so successfully learned to extract more crop from a given area that land needed for agriculture is shrinking, even as people become more numerous and eat better. In many countries forests have begun to enlarge, as farmers spare land and foresters also shift from extensive to intensive strateg...

New system could drastically reduce herbicide use

...est for weeds, will soon be moving up and down the crop rows at the experimental fields at the University of Illinois. What's more, this robot has the potential to control weeds while significantly reducing herbicide use. The robot uses GPS for navigation, and there are two small cameras mounted on a fra...

The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource

...s that led researchers to target poplar as a model crop for biofuels production. "Under optimal conditions, poplars can add a dozen feet of growth each year and reach maturity in as few as four years, permitting selective breeding for large-scale sustainable plantation forestry," said Dr. Sam Foster of...

New moth variety disarms plants guarded by selenium

...be an efficient way to deter herbivory and improve crop productivity, and if managed carefully, the supplied selenium could give added value to the crop (some evidence suggests that selenium has anticarcinogenic properties). Furthermore, the newly disco...

Pesticides need sunscreen to beat the heat

...built sunscreen will help farmers beat the heat in crop protection. This means that the bug sprays last longer, as they are protected from the strong rays of sunshine, reports Chemistry & Industry, the magazine of the SCI. This is becoming increasingly important as temperatures rise, with the Met Offi...

Professors to develop hand-held pathogen testing device

...ames Tiedje, University Distinguished Professor of crop and soil sciences and director of the Center for Microbial Ecology, and Erdogan Gulari, professor at the University of Michigan's Department of Chemical Engineering, formed a cross-disciplinary team to develop this technology. The procedure begins...

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