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Tag: "crop" at biology news

Prenatal Stress Keeps Infants, Toddlers up at Night, Study Says

... to why sleep and behavioral disturbances so often crop up together. In the meantime, pregnant women concerned about how their own mood-disturbance may harm their unborn babys sleeping habits, development and emotional health may want to consider psychological treatment, OConnor said. Several evidence-...

One species, many genomes

...enome. In contrast to the genome of humans or many crop plants such as corn, that of Arabidopsis is very much streamlined, and its size is less than a twentieth of that of humans or corn—even though it has about the same number of genes. In contrast to these other genomes, there are few repeats or seemi...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...rol of flowering time is an important objective in crop breeding and development programs, because it can aid in optimizing crop yields and other traits for local environmental conditions. Experimental evidence indicates that ...

Soils offer new hope as carbon sink

...vironment - have doubled and, in one case, tripled crop growth when applied at the rate of 10 tonnes per h... steps for saving the planet, because they convert crop waste into fuel and agrichar which can be used to enhance soil fertility and store carbon long-term....

A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications

...n they have stored up. These interactions improve crop yields of leguminous plants that are crucial for human diet (soybean, peas, ground nuts and so on…) and as animal feed (alfalfa, clover, sainfoin). In addition, cultivation of legumes living in symbiotic association with bacteria can contribute to ...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

... Oregon Many farmers applying pesticides to boost crop yields may instead be contributing to growth probl...m 2000 that had found significant declines in both crop yield per unit of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer added and also a significant decline in overall symb...

Warning from Asian bees

...a yield well below average in the Australian honey crop over the next 12 months to two years.” All sections of the local industry accept that the arrival of destructor in Australia is a matter of when, not if, and its effects would be far more dramatic than a wide incursion of Apis cerana....

Researchers demonstrate way to control tree height

...searchers said in their report. Dwarf trees and crop plants created with traditional cross-breeding or horticultural techniques are already widely used in fruit trees, the ornamental tree industry and agriculture. The advances for cereals have been part of the “Green Revolution,” in which plants suc...

Modified mushrooms may yield human drugs

...ains stored in the freezer into vegetative seed. A crop from which drugs may be extracted could be ready in weeks," Dr. Romaine said. A mushroom-based biofactory also would not require expensive infrastructure set up by major drug companies, he added....

Hawaiian treasure, macadamia nuts good for the heart

...orted to Hawaii and thrived. The first commercials crop of Hawaiian macadamia nuts was harvested in 1956. ...

Fuel from fiber -- Pretreatment can put corn stalks, trees in your car's tank

...lants and trees usually discarded as waste after a crop is harvested. He's developed a patented pretreatment process for biomass, ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX), which makes the breakdown of cellulose ?the most difficult part of making ethanol from plant biomass ?more efficient. Dale and other members ...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

...the Texas High Plains could one day irrigate their crop from the Santa Rosa Aquifer ?which lies underneath...aid. "Thrips are very small. They can cause severe crop damage resulting in yield loss by feeding on the emerging leaves of cotton seedlings. Those leaves n...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...lves, not how organisms evolve," said professor of crop sciences Gustavo Caetano-Anollés, principal researcher on the study, which was co-written by graduate student Hee Shin Kim and emeritus professor of cell and developmental biology Jay E. Mittenthal. "We are using the techniques of phylogenetic analys...

Detecting poisons in nectar is an odour-ous task for honeybees

...for the pollination of at least 1/3 of the world’s crop plants, may encounter such poisoned nectar in common crop and garden plants such as Rhododendrons and almond trees. Can honeybees learn whether nectar contain...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...y spent fertilizing, maintaining, and harvesting a crop like corn. Conversely, deriving ethanol from plant materials such as the corn stalks and wood chips is challenging because the plants?cellulose is a very tough substance to break down, making for an inefficient process. Wu’s technique may prove muc...

New success in engineering plant oils

...chnique could lead to the engineering of temperate crop plants to produce saturated oils as renewable feedstocks for industrial processes. Such renewable resources could help reduce dependence on petroleum. Conversely, methods to increase the activity of KASII, and therefore the production of 18-carbon...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

... the Southeast. In Georgia during the 1980s, wheat crop losses totaled $28 million in one year when the insect overcame the plant's resistant gene that was being used at the time. Over the past two years, the pest also has caused extensive yield losses in southeastern Missouri and a resurgence occurred...

ConocoPhillips establishes $22.5M biofuels research program at Iowa State

...bility and rural economies. Studies will emphasize crop improvement and production, the harvesting and transportation of biomass and the impacts of biofuels on economic policy and rural sociology. According to Brown, the details of specific projects have yet to be determined. He estimates the research ...

Biologists develop large gene dataset for rice plant

...ave related sequences in the many important cereal crop plants, including maize and wheat." Research on small RNAs "is a leading edge in plant biotechnology," said Machi Dilworth, Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF)'s Division of Biological Infrastructure, which along with the U.S. Depart...

Wheat can fatally starve insect predators

...spond to insects with resistance will be useful in crop breeding programs," Williams said. "We're finding compounds like this chitin-binding lectin that don't cost the plant much to produce, unlike producing poisons and stronger walls. Those inducible defenses use a lot of a plant's energy that could be u...

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