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Tag: "critical" at biology news

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

...t some steps in early embryonic development are so critical that many overlapping signals are needed to ensure...C Berkeley and an attending physician in pediatric critical care at UC San Francisco. "Redundancy is designed to make the embryo robust, so as to avoid birth de...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...the genomic signatures of the mammary gland during critical stages of development." BPA (bisphenol A) is a synthetic resin used in food packaging, dental sealants and polycarbonate plastic products, which range from CDs and eyeglass lenses to tableware and food and beverage containers, including baby bottles....

Putting ecology back into river restoration

...ecological assessment. According to Palmer: "It is critical that the broad restoration community, including funding agencies, practitioners and citizen restoration groups, adopt criteria for defining and assessing ecological success in restoration. Standards are needed because progress in the science and prac...

OneWorld Health drug receives 'Orphan' designation from U.S. and European regulatory agencies

...d to accelerate approvals in countries that have a critical need to treat VL." Paromomycin is an off-patent aminoglycoside antibiotic first used in the 1960s and is still marketed in the U.S. as an oral formulation to treat intestinal parasites. The largest-ever Phase III clinical trial for visceral leishman...

Bevacizumab Combined With Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival for Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer

...owth factor (VEGF). VEGF is a protein that plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis. “It is noteworthy that a previous company-sponsored trial in patients who received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease did not show a benefit with bevacizumab in combination with capecitabine, a different chemotherapy...

Signs of aging: Scientists evaluate genes associated with longevity

...-type counterparts. Daf-2 was first reported as a critical aging-associated gene in 1993, but since that time...n from early to late adulthood would be those most critical to the vital biological process of aging. In addition, they reasoned that some of the genes that wer...

MUHC researchers make cancer target breakthrough

...THFR is involved in the synthesis of methionine--a critical nutrient necessary for growth of cancer cells," explains Dr. Rima Rozen, principal investigator of the new study, and Deputy Scientific Director of the MUHC Research Institute. "By inhibiting the gene's function, we were able to slow the growth of tu...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...utation in the gene encoding lamin A. Lamin A is a critical structural protein that acts as the scaffolding which holds a cell's nucleus together. Lamin A is defective in HGPS cells because the mutation creates an aberrant splice site in the lamin A gene; the aberrant splicing, or joining the separate parts o...

Researchers make surprise discovery that some neurons can transmit three signals at once

... or inhibited. The first week after birth marks a critical phase in the developing rat brain, a time period c...his glutamate activates NMDA receptors at the most critical stage of brain development and organization, we realized that this could explain a number of fundame...

Agilent Technologies new genome analysis technology set to accelerate Australia fight against mesothelioma

...mesothelioma in the community, so this research is critical in working toward minimizing these costs, with the eventual hope of developing tools for earlier diagnosis and treatment." ...

The circadian clock: Understanding nature's timepiece

...nobyl, there is often a sleep-deprived person with critical responsibilities behind it all. When someone shifts their schedule, we want to find a way to shift their body with them so they remain alert, working optimally and making the right decisions." Antle also hopes to experiment further with a technique ...

Of mice and men's (and women's) contraceptives

...d to make new proteins. Many of these proteins are critical for the production of normal sperm and also are unique to germ cells. "When trying to develop a new contraceptive, it's hard because we need to identify a target that's specific to the germ cells," says Hecht. "Clearly, if we inactivate the function...

Changing ecosystems throw scientists mega-challenges

...and complex environmental systems. Because it is a critical resource whose availability strongly impacts human health and economic development, answering questions in that domain will advance scientific understanding while addressing urgent societal issues. The report states those results could then be applie...

Infants with Rare Genetic Disease Saved By Cord Blood Stem Cells

...e Disease, in which children are missing an enzyme critical to forming the myelin sheath that protects developing brain cells from damage. Moreover, the findings add to the growing body of evidence showing that cord blood can save children with other fatal "lysosomal storage diseases," each of which stems fro...

Stanford gut check shows diversity of intestinal ecosystem

...nique bacterial species. "The intestinal flora is critical to human physiology and a wide spectrum of disease...in the translation of the genetic code and thus is critical to the organisms. However, small variations in the 16S rRNA gene sequences allow scientists to detec...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

...naged by the p53 gene. A protein called 53BP1, the critical role of which was reported by the same Wistar group in Nature last year, senses the DNA breaks caused by replication stress and activates the p53 pathway. That pathway shuts down the replication process, thus limiting further DNA damage. In some circ...

Affymetrix Launches New Globin-Reduction Kits and Protocol Developed with PreAnalytiX

...ample collection to the time of RNA isolation is a critical component to obtaining accurate gene expression profiles," said Lianne McLean, Sr. Director, Gene Expression Marketing, Affymetrix. "The optimized protocol, the PAXgene system and the controls will significantly improve the ability to obtain high qua...

Successful Test Of Single Molecule Switch Opens The Door To Biomolecular Electronics

...working electrical switch, but in discovering some critical design parameters that should make possible successful research in designing molecular devices. “We have a working rational roadmap now for how to do this, and we’re already hard at work applying it to a wide variety of potentially exciting applicat...

Mouse with designer liver has enhanced glucose tolerance, insulin response

...als initiated by insulin receptors and thus play a critical role in insulin regulation inside cells. Biochemic... on the LGKO mice, homing in on enzymatic pathways critical to insulin response in cells. Upon stimulation with insulin, they found an elevated level of Akt/PkB...

Bobbing birds do it for a reason

...rongly suggest that for some birds head bobbing is critical for the stabilization of their visual world, despi...them a vaguely comic appearance but is known to be critical for visual stabilization during body movement. What was not known was whether or not this means of a...

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