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Tag: "create" at biology news

Researchers design pulsed mircrojet system to deliver protein drugs without pain or bruising

... the National Academy of Sciences. The effort to create needle-free drug delivery systems is driven by a combination of factors, including needle phobia, pain and discomfort, infections, and accidental needle sticks to healthcare providers. Currently, about 12 billion needle injections are performed every...

New compound prevents alcoholic behavior, relapse in animals by blocking stress response

...les of heavy alcohol consumption and withdrawal to create dependency, as well as animals selectively bred to consume more alcohol. Injections of MTIP prevented excessive drinking of alcohol in both cases and eliminated the rats?susceptibility to relapse under stress. Yet the compound did not affect their na...

Nanotextured implant materials: blending in, not fighting back

...llagen and elastin make up much of this lining and create a texture of fine nanoscale bumps on the inside of... particles that were less than 1 micron in size to create titanium with nanoscale surface texture. When they compared samples of the nanostructured material t...

New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza

...after NIAID awarded LIAI a $25 million contract to create a single repository of immune epitopes from critical disease-causing microbes, including agents that might be used in a bioterrorist attack. Influenza epitopes comprise only a portion of the extensive database, which has become the largest single col...

OHSU surgeon implants donated tissue allografts

...ommunity Tissue Services (CTS) of Dayton, Ohio, to create the Joint Restoration Foundation (JRF), allowing Portland to become one of 16 areas across the country to receive priority allocation of fresh cartilage allografts for transplantation. "Live or fresh tissue transplants are difficult to obtain and...

Scientists learn the origin of rogue B cells

...in live animals. "Most of what scientists do is to create systems to visualize complex phenomena, then to allow nature to give you the answers to your questions," says Casellas. Their new findings raise the question of how this knowledge might eventually help people with autoimmune disease. That question...

Imaging techniques permit scientists to follow a day -- or four -- in the life of a cell

...ion technique is similar to those that are used to create cloned and transgenic organisms, and it can also be applied to more complex assays--including laser photobleaching and fluorescent speckle microscopy--that yield specific insights into cellular processes. A second freely available protocol ( http:...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

...puter model has two paradoxical goals. It needs to create a representation for a particular object that is very specific, such as a horse as opposed to a cow or a unicorn. At the same time the representation must be sufficiently "invariant" so as to discard meaningless changes in pose, illumination, size, p...

Bacterial walls come tumbling down

... to the survival of all bacteria. The enzymes that create the cell wall are unique to bacteria. And it is accessible; you don't have to get the antibiotics into the cell." In their structural studies, the researchers focused on Staphylococcus aureus, a notorious human pathogen. An epidemic strain of the ...

ConocoPhillips establishes $22.5M biofuels research program at Iowa State

...uels. The grant is part of ConocoPhillips' plan to create joint research programs with major universities to...a State and ConocoPhillips are working together to create the right research programs for our state's energy future." "We believe the key to a secure energ...

Breakthrough vaccine to treat chemo-resistant ovarian cancer

...ent method uses the patient's own tumor tissues to create a patient-specific vaccine and is combined with chemotherapy delivered directly into the abdominal cavity. Ovarian cancer, one of the hardest cancers to detect in the early stages, is a very complex disease that is often resistant to chemotherapy...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...ase how much glucose the cell takes in and uses to create ATP. Research in rodent models has shown that AMPK activators can lessen the pathologies associated with diabetes, including problems that diabetics have regulating blood sugar. Dr. Shapiro explained that researchers do not yet know how to activa...

UTSA researchers examine effects of global warming on Antarctic

... was chartered by NSF to break through the ice and create a 25-mile long shipping channel that would allow for the delivery of annual supplies to NSF's McMurdo Research Station. On route to Antarctica, the ship passed through 1,700 miles of extensive sea ice cover that surrounds the continent annually. ...

Researchers find gene mutation that causes infertility in male mice

... of chromosomes that combine during conception and create an embryonic cell with two chromosome sets, one from each parent. The mutation leads to a change in an amino acid in Dmc1 that blocks meiosis in its tracks, preventing sperm production. The mutant allele (one version of the pair of genes we inherit...

Robotic therapy helps restore hand use after stroke

...using what they learned from study participants to create a "son of HOWARD," with improved hand-robot connections and more software options to individualize therapy and keep patients interested. Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability in the United States. More than 700,000 Americans suffer str...

Bacteria control how infectious they become, study finds

...s and E. coli, do this may one day help scientists create drugs that control the expression of these genes, thereby making the bacteria harmless, said Vladimir Svetlov, a study co-author and a research associate in microbiology at Ohio State University. The findings appear in the April 13 issue of the journ...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

... a new source of stems cells and have used them to create muscle, bone, fat, blood vessel, nerve and liver cells in the laboratory. The first report showing the isolation of broad potential stem cells from the amniotic fluid that surrounds developing embryos was published today in Nature Biotechnology. "Ou...

Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin

...port protons across cellular membranes in order to create stored electrochemical energy. In this respect, it is similar to another protein, bacteriorhodopsin, that's used by bacteria in salt ponds to supplement respiration. However, in experiments in which marine bacteria endowed with proteorhodopsin were e...

Early-stage sperm cells created from human bone marrow

Human bone marrow has been used to create early-stage sperm cells for the first time, a scientific step forward that will help researchers understand more about how sperm cells are created. The research published today (Friday, April 13 2007), in the academic journal Reproduction: Gamete B...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

...lar mechanisms involved with tumor relapse, we can create tailored vaccines that can induce specific types of immune responses in patients, rather than inducing a broad range of immune responses - some of which may be detrimental or may induce tumor relapse," said lead investigator, Masoud H. Manjili, D.V.M...

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