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Tag: "copy" at biology news

It's not all genetic: Common epigenetic problem doubles cancer risk in mice

... "epigenetic" problem that improperly turns on the copy of the IGF2 gene that should remain off. Unlike most genes, the copy of IGF2 that should be silent depends only on which parent it came from, a situation called genomic ...

Scientists Replicate Hepatitis C Virus in Laboratory

...apies. They constructed an HCV replica using a DNA copy of the original HCV single-strand RNA genome. They placed the DNA copy between two ribozymes, RNA molecules that have enzymatic function and can cleave RNA sequence at spe...

Scientists detect probable genetic cause of some Parkinson's disease cases

...he disease. The researchers found a mutationin one copy of the gene can lead to the disease. The findings ...ople who hadinherited the disease had at least one copy of the mutated gene.Similarly, the team detected one copy of the mutation in 8 of 482people with Par...

Combination therapy boosts effectiveness of telomere-directed cancer cell death

...entually they become so short thatthe enzymes that copy DNA for cell division no longer work properly andthe cell stops dividing. In a sense, telomeres function as a kind ofcounting mechanism that regulates how many times a cell can divide.In contrast to normal cells, cancer cells divide continuously andu...

GATA: a graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis

...entually they become so short thatthe enzymes that copy DNA for cell division no longer work properly andthe cell stops dividing. In a sense, telomeres function as a kind ofcounting mechanism that regulates how many times a cell can divide.In contrast to normal cells, cancer cells divide continuously andu...

Breakthrough Microarray-based Technology for the Study of Cancer

...th the possibility itprovides to correlate genomic copy alterations with mRNA abundance andprotein abundan...ing CGHresearchers to reliably identify the single copy deletions inchromosomes that have been the most difficult to detect.Additionally, the technology all...

Novel Enzyme Shows Potential As An Anti-HIV Target

... RNA polymerases, which carry out transcription—to copy its RNA genome into DNA and infiltrate human chromosomal DNA. Once the virus is integrated (now called a provirus), its genes can be transcribed. Adept as HIV is in exploiting its host’s molecular resources, the virus can’t establish a foothold with...

Mouse brain tumors mimic those in human genetic disorder

...ls, like humans with the disease, have oneabnormal copy of the gene for NF1 in every cell in their body, whilespecific support cells in the brain called astrocytes have two abnormalcopies of this same gene.Their latest paper shows that brain tumor formation in these mice hasseveral of the same distinguish...

Same mutation aided evolution in many fish species, Stanford study finds

...armor plates. A small number of these fish had one copy of the Eda gene that contained the mutation in que...st a few of those fish already carried the mutated copy of the Eda gene. When those fish bred, some gave rise to offspring with two copies of the mutation a...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

...r single-copy genes that had evolved more than one copy in humans. "Gene duplication is known to play a le... identified a total of 22 genes with more than one copy in humans but only a single copy in all other species tested. They then turned their attention to th...

Plants defy Mendel's inheritance laws, may prompt textbook changes

...hat these hothead-containing plants keep a cryptic copy of everything that was in the previous generation, even though it doesn't show up in the DNA, it's not in the chromosome," Pruitt said. "Some other type of gene sequence information that we don't really understand yet is modifying the inherited trait...

Research Using Mouse Models Reveals A Novel Key Player In The Initiation Of Colon Cancer

...partially deficient for APC (containing one normal copy of the APC gene and one mutant inactive copy) in t... ninety per cent of the tumors had lost the normal copy of the APC gene and now were completely deficient. What is the significance of these results on und...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

...trast, the X chromosome -- present in at least one copy in both sexes -- encodes more than 1,000. More th...ears ago, researchers discovered that genes on one copy of the female's X chromosome are switched off, a modification known as X inactivation. Originally, ...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

...ural integrity so that they can segregate a single copy of each chromosome to each daughter cell. After which, the microtubules again disassemble and reform back into skeletal systems for the two new daughter cells. It has been determined, through the genetic research of Barnes and Drubin, among others, t...

Biomarkers isolated from saliva successfully predict oral and breast cancer

...ncer. In the cell, messenger RNA or mRNA carries a copy of the genetic code or DNA, housed in the cell's nucleus, to other parts of the cell for protein manufacture. The process by which genes are copied to mRNA, via an enzyme called RNA polymerase, is called transcription and the products are called tran...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...use mice, 20 percent of the population carries one copy of the t haplotype whereas the remaining 80 percent carries the wild haplotype. According to the distribution predictions set out by Gregor Mendel, the 19th century Austrian monk who studied inheritance in flowering pea plants, males and females shou...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...in," Feigon said. "Reverse transcriptases normally copy RNA to DNA, but do not contain RNA; in this enzyme... has its own internal piece of RNA that is used to copy the DNA, but this 'template' is only approximately 10 of the 451 nucleotides. Nobody knows what the ...

Agilent Technologies new genome analysis technology set to accelerate Australia fight against mesothelioma

...ect small changes in chromosomes, including single copy deletions, which have previously been the most difficult to find," said Agilent Integrated Biology Solutions product manager David Tunks. "We hope the outcome of this work will have a major effect on mesothelioma research," said Holloway. "The Austr...

15-year hunt finds cause of pseudothalidomide syndrome

...olecular "motors" attach to the centromere of each copy and pull the original and the new copy away from each another as division proceeds. However, in cells from people with Roberts syndrome, t...

U. Iowa researchers improve Huntington's disease symptoms in mice

...artial reduction may slow down the disease-causing copy of the gene to such an extent that either disease ...a pair, one from either parent. In HD, one mutated copy of the gene is sufficient to cause the disease. However, the normal Huntington gene produces a prote...

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