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Tag: "convert" at biology news

Triple threat: World fin trade may harvest up to 73 million sharks per year

... But we were able tap into fin auction records and convert from fin sizes and weights to whole shark equivalents to get a good handle on the actual numbers," says lead author Shelley Clarke, Ph.D, an American fisheries scientist based in Hong Kong and Japan. A team of researchers calculated the number of sh...

Solution to bacterial mystery promises new drugs

...fatty acid to a molecule called G3P. Bacteria then convert this molecule into a variety of other molecules called phospholipids, which are the building blocks of membranes. "We identified a biochemical process that uses a previously unrecognized molecule as a raw material to make phospholipid," Rock said. "...

Researchers seek to design first treatment for neuroAIDS

...e National Institutes of Mental Health designed to convert basic neuroscience into new neuroAIDS drugs. Based on their work, Stephen Dewhurst, Ph.D., dean's professor of Microbiology and Immunology at the Medical Center, recognized that a second molecular target, an enzyme called mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK...

Increase in drug development for killer diseases is not enough

...ational capacity for high-quality manufacturing to convert the inventions into health products for both domestic and international markets." Matlin does acknowledge the challenges faced by both PPPs and IDCs in developing health products for neglected diseases. The third speaker in this conference session,...

Compound eyes, evolutionary ties

...the loss of this protein, called "spacemaker," can convert the eyes of fruitflies--which normally have open eye systems--into a closed one. In contrast, the introduction of spacemaker into eyes with a closed system transformed them into an open one. Charles Darwin was so enamored by the intricate complexit...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...s, highly specialized cells that capture light and convert it into chemical signals that travel through the inner retina and optic nerve and on to the brain where signals are converted to the images we see. In the majority of macular and retinal degenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration...

A buffet for early human relatives

...ing on the way in which they use photosynthesis to convert sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into plant matter and oxygen. Carbon isotope ratios reveal the extent to which the relatives of early humans ate so-called C3 plants, which include fruit and leaves from trees in both the forest and savanna, and C4 ...

Nature's process for nitrogen fixation caught in action

...ogical process that enables some microorganisms to convert atmospheric nitrogen to nutrients. The research is reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS) Special Feature Issue on Nitrogen Fixation, in the invited article, "A methyldiazene (HN=N-CH3) derived species bound to the n...

New sunscreen ingredient to heal sunburn and help prevent skin cancer

...tions that potentially lead to DNA damage that can convert healthy skin cells into cancerous ones." ...

From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea

...al ''nitrogen-fixing'' bacteria in the environment convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, then ''nitrifying'' bacteria oxidize the ammonia into nitrites and nitrates, which are readily absorbed by plants or removed by other microbes. Animals and people, in turn, obtain nitrogen by eating plants and other...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

...anufactures ribosomes, the molecular machines that convert the genetic information carried by messenger RNA into proteins that do the work of life. Gary Karpen and Jamy Peng, researchers in the Life Sciences Division of the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, have now discovered t...

New system could drastically reduce herbicide use

...d a system that could collect data, but could also convert the heat of the sun into an energy source?" said Tian. "We could replace the grad student worker with this robotic system." That system evolved into today's model, and two different grad students worked with Tian to present a paper on the robot at...

Rising ocean temperatures, pollution have oysters in hot water

...y metal are unable to obtain sufficient oxygen and convert it to cellular energy, according to a new study pr...p, but were either unable to obtain enough oxygen, convert the oxygen they obtained to energy, or both. The researchers drew this conclusion, Lannig said, base...

Climate experts search for answers in the oceans

...ospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and convert it into organic carbon. This process is known as primary production. While individually microscopic, phytoplankton chlorophyll collectively tints the surrounding ocean waters, providing a means of detecting these tiny organisms from space with dedica...

Extraordinary life found around deep-sea gas seeps

...animals living in symbiosis with microbes that can convert these energy-rich chemicals to living matter (a form of 'chemosynthesis') in the absence of sunlight. New Zealand is one of the few places in the world where at least four types of chemosynthetic habitats occur in close proximity, allowing scienti...

Bacteria that use radiated water as food

...weird? The bacteria rely on radioactive uranium to convert water molecules to useable energy. The discovery is a confirmed expansion of Earth's biosphere, the three-dimensional shell that encompasses all planetary life. The research has less Earthly implications, however. It will likely fuel optimism tha...

Critical hearing gene helps send auditory messages to brain

...said. Cochlear implants analyze sound messages and convert them into electrical signals, bypassing the cochlea to directly stimulate the auditory nerves. "That's good news," Petit said, since otoferlin-linked deafness is an auditory neuropathy, a class of hearing impairment for which the best course of tre...

Electronic chip, interacting with the brain, modifies pathways for controlling movement

...ty of motor cortex cells," Fetz explained, "It can convert this activity into a stimulus that can be sent back to the brain, spinal cord, or muscle, and thereby set up an artificial connection that operates continuously during normal behavior. This recurrent brain-computer interface creates an artificial mot...

Bacterial 'switch gene' regulates how oceans emit sulfur into atmosphere

...ne helps determine whether certain marine plankton convert a sulfur compound to one that rises into the atmosphere, where it can affect the earth's temperature, or remain in the sea, where it can be used as a nutrient. "This new gene offers a powerful tool to study the question of how these plankton are inv...

UCLA researchers develop T-cells from human embryonic stem cells

... Academy of Sciences, found that it is possible to convert human embryonic stem cells into blood-forming stem cells that in turn can differentiate into the helper T-cells that HIV specifically targets. T-cells are one of the body's main defenses against disease. The results mark the first time that scientis...

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